Editing V-1 flying bomb (section)

==Operation Eisbär==
[[File:V-1 (Fieseler Fi 103) in flight.jpg|thumb|V-1 (Fieseler Fi 103) in flight]]
Mass production of the FZG-76 did not start until the spring of 1944, and FR 155(W) was not equipped until late May 1944. Operation Eisbär, the missile attacks on London, commenced on 12 June. However, the four launch battalions could only operate from the Pas-de-Calais area, amounting to only 72 launchers. They had been supplied with missiles, Walter catapults, fuel, and other associated equipment since [[D-Day]]. None of the nine missiles launched on the 12th reached England, while only four did so on the 13th. The next attempt to start the attack occurred on the night of 15/16 June, when 144 missiles reached England, of which 73 struck London, while 53 struck [[Portsmouth]] and [[Southampton]].

Damage was widespread and [[Eisenhower]] ordered attacks on the V-1 sites as a priority. [[Operation Cobra]] forced a retreat from the French launch sites in August, with the last battalion leaving on 29 August. Operation Donnerschlag began from Germany on 21 October 1944.{{sfn|Zaloga|2008|pp=35, 38–39, 42}}