Editing Uruk (section)

==Architecture==
[[File:Part of front of Inanna temple of Kara Indasch from Uruk Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin.jpg|thumb|right|Relief on the front of the Inanna temple of [[Karaindash]] from Uruk. Mid 15th century BCE. [[Pergamon Museum]], Berlin]]
[[File:Uruk Temple of Charyos (2).jpg|thumb|right|The [[Parthian Empire|Parthian]] Temple of Charyios at Uruk]]
Uruk has some of the first monumental constructions in architectural history, and certainly the largest of its era. Much of Near Eastern architecture can trace its roots to these prototypical buildings. The structures of Uruk are cited by two different naming conventions, one in German from the initial expedition, and the English translation of the same. The stratigraphy of the site is complex and as such much of the dating is disputed. In general, the structures follow the two main typologies of [[Sumerian architecture]], Tripartite with 3 parallel halls and T-Shaped also with three halls, but the central one extends into two perpendicular bays at one end. The following table summarizes the significant architecture of the Eanna and Anu Districts.<ref name="Charvát2002" /> Temple N, Cone-Mosaic Courtyard, and Round Pillar Hall are often referred to as a single structure; the Cone-Mosaic Temple.
{| class="wikitable"
!colspan="7"| Eanna district: 4000–2000&nbsp;BCE
|-
!Structure name ||German name ||Period ||Typology ||Material ||Area in m²
|-
| Stone-Cone Temple ||Steinstifttempel ||Uruk VI ||T-shaped ||Limestone and bitumen  ||x
|-
| Limestone Temple ||Kalksteintempel ||Uruk V  ||T-shaped ||Limestone and bitumen ||2373
|-
| Riemchen Building ||Riemchengebäude ||Uruk IVb  ||unique ||Adobe brick ||x
|-
| Cone-Mosaic Temple ||Stiftmosaikgebäude ||Uruk IVb  ||unique ||x ||x
|-
| Temple A||Gebäude A  ||Uruk IVb  ||Tripartite ||Adobe brick ||738
|-
| Temple B||Gebäude B ||Uruk IVb  ||Tripartite ||Adobe brick ||338
|-
| Temple C||Gebäude C ||Uruk IVb  ||T-shaped ||Adobe brick ||1314
|-
| Temple/Palace E||Gebäude E ||Uruk IVb  ||unique ||Adobe brick ||2905
|-
| Temple F ||Gebäude F ||Uruk IVb  ||T-shaped ||Adobe brick ||465
|-
| Temple G ||Gebäude G ||Uruk IVb  ||T-shaped ||Adobe brick ||734
|-
| Temple H ||Gebäude H ||Uruk IVb  ||T-shaped ||Adobe brick ||628
|-
| Temple D ||Gebäude D ||Uruk IVa  ||T-shaped ||Adobe brick ||2596
|-
| Room I ||Gebäude I ||Uruk V  ||x ||x ||x
|-
| Temple J ||Gebäude J ||Uruk IVb  ||x ||Adobe brick ||x
|-
| Temple K ||Gebäude K ||Uruk IVb  ||x ||Adobe brick ||x
|-
| Temple L ||Gebäude L ||Uruk V  ||x ||x ||x
|-
| Temple M ||Gebäude M ||Uruk IVa  ||x ||Adobe brick ||x
|-
| Temple N ||Gebäude N ||Uruk IVb  ||unique ||Adobe brick ||x
|-
| Temple O ||Gebäude O ||x  ||x ||x ||x
|-
| Hall Building/Great Hall ||Hallenbau ||Uruk IVa  ||unique ||Adobe brick ||821
|-
| Pillar Hall ||Pfeilerhalle ||Uruk IVa  ||unique ||x ||219
|-
| Bath Building ||Bäder ||Uruk III  ||unique ||x ||x
|-
| Red Temple ||Roter Tempel ||Uruk IVa  ||x ||Adobe brick ||x
|-
| Great Court ||Großer Hof ||Uruk IVa  ||unique ||Burnt Brick ||2873
|-
| Rammed-Earth Building ||Stampflehm ||Uruk III ||unique ||x ||x
|-
| Round Pillar Hall ||Rundpeifeilerhalle ||Uruk IVb ||unique ||Adobe brick ||x
|-
!colspan="7"| Anu district: 4000–2000&nbsp;BCE
|-
| Stone Building ||Steingebäude ||Uruk VI ||unique ||Limestone and bitumen ||x
|-
| White Temple ||x ||Uruk III ||Tripartite ||Adobe brick ||382
|-
|}
It is clear Eanna was dedicated to Inanna symbolized by [[Venus]] from the Uruk period. At that time, she was worshipped in four aspects as Inanna of the netherworld (Sumerian: ᵈinanna-kur), Inanna of the morning (Sumerian: ᵈinanna-hud₂), Inanna of the evening (Sumerian: ᵈinanna-sig), and Inanna (Sumerian: ᵈinanna-NUN).<ref name="Beaulieu2003" /> The names of four temples in Uruk at this time are known, but it is impossible to match them with either a specific structure and in some cases a deity.<ref name="Beaulieu2003" />
* sanctuary of Inanna (Sumerian: eš-ᵈinanna)
* sanctuary of Inanna of the evening (Sumerian: eš-ᵈinanna-sig)
* temple of heaven (Sumerian: e₂-an)
* temple of heaven and netherworld (Sumerian: e₂-an-ki)
<gallery caption="Architecture of Uruk" widths="100px" heights="100px" perrow="8">
File:Eanna5.svg|Plan of Eanna VI–V
File:Eanna4b.svg|Plan of Eanna IVb
File:Eanna4a.svg|Plan of Eanna IVa
File:Eanna3.svg|Plan of Eanna III
File:Eanna_neosumerian.svg|Plan of Neo-Sumerian Eanna
File:Anu_district.svg|Plan of Anu District Phase E
File:Pergamonmuseum Inanna 01.jpg|Reconstruction of a mosaic from the Eanna temple.
File:Pergamonmuseum Inanna 02.jpg|Detail of Reconstruction of a mosaic from the Eanna temple.
</gallery>