Editing University of Pennsylvania (section)

===Penn Museum===
{{Main|University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology}}
[[File:Penn_Museum's_Warden_Garden_and_Main_Entrance,_Summer_2012.jpg|thumb|The [[University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology]] and Warden Garden]]

Since the founding of Penn Museum in 1887,<ref>{{cite web |title=Our Museum – Penn Museum |url=https://www.penn.museum/about/our-story |website=Penn Museum |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology |access-date=September 6, 2020 |archive-date=September 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200904102304/https://www.penn.museum/about/our-story |url-status=live }}</ref> it has taken part in 400 research projects worldwide.<ref name="About UPM">{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.penn.museum/about-us.html |website=Penn Museum |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology|access-date=August 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110521153922/http://penn.museum/about-us.html|archive-date=May 21, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> The museum's first project was an excavation of [[Nippur]], a location in present-day [[Iraq]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Research at the Penn Museum|url=http://www.penn.museum/research.html|work=Penn Museum|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811205610/http://penn.museum/research.html|archive-date=August 11, 2011|access-date=August 20, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Penn Museum is home to the largest authentic sphinx in North America, which is about seven feet high, four feet wide, 13 feet long, 12.9 tons, and made of solid red granite.

The sphinx was discovered in 1912 by the British archeologist, [[Flinders Petrie|Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie]], during an excavation of the ancient Egyptian city of [[Memphis, Egypt]], where the sphinx had guarded a temple to ward off evil. Since Petri's expedition was partially financed by Penn Petrie offered it to Penn, which arranged for it to be moved to museum in 1913. The sphinx was moved in 2019 to a more prominent spot intended to attract visitors.<ref>Crimmins, Peter (June 12, 2019). [https://whyy.org/articles/like-back-to-the-future-penn-museum-floats-its-ancient-sphinx-to-a-new-home/ "Like 'Back to the Future': Penn Museum floats its ancient sphinx to a new home"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410041015/https://whyy.org/articles/like-back-to-the-future-penn-museum-floats-its-ancient-sphinx-to-a-new-home/amp/ |date=April 10, 2021 }}.</ref>

The museum has three gallery floors with artifacts from [[Egypt]], the Middle East, [[Mesoamerica]], Asia, the Mediterranean, Africa and indigenous artifacts of the Americas.<ref name="About UPM"/> Its most famous object is the goat rearing into the branches of a rosette-leafed plant, from the [[Ur III|royal tombs of Ur]].

Penn Museum's excavations and collections foster a strong research base for graduate students in the [[Graduate Group in the Art and Archaeology of the Mediterranean World]]. Features of the [[Beaux-Arts architecture|Beaux-Arts]] building include a [[rotunda (architecture)|rotunda]] and gardens that include Egyptian [[papyrus]].