Editing United Airlines Flight 93 (section)

===Passenger and crew phone calls===
Passengers and crew began making phone calls to officials and family members starting at 09:30 using [[GTE]] [[Air-ground radiotelephone service|airphones]] and mobile phones. Altogether, the passengers and crew made 35 airphone calls and two cell phone calls from the flight.<ref>{{cite report |title=Transcript of Jury Trial Before the Honorable Leonie M. Brinkema – United States District Judge Volume XVII-A |page=3477 |publisher=United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia |date=April 11, 2006 |url=http://www.911myths.com/images/f/f8/Moussaoui_Trial_Transcript_April_11_2006.pdf |access-date=August 24, 2008 |archive-date=January 14, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100114150613/http://911myths.com/images/f/f8/Moussaoui_Trial_Transcript_April_11_2006.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Ten passengers and two crew members were able to connect, providing information to family, friends, and others on the ground.<ref name="Chap1"/>

[[Tom Burnett (Flight 93 passenger)|Tom Burnett]] made several phone calls to his wife, Deena, beginning at 09:30:32 from rows 24 and 25, though he was assigned a seat in row 4.<ref name="Sum93">{{cite web |title=Phone Calls from Flight 93 |url=https://www.nps.gov/flni/learn/historyculture/phone-calls-from-flight-93.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240808203217/https://www.nps.gov/flni/learn/historyculture/phone-calls-from-flight-93.htm |archive-date=August 8, 2024 |access-date=August 8, 2024 |website=National Park Service |publisher=}}</ref><ref name="Stip">{{cite report |title=Stipulation Regarding Flights Hijacked on September 11, 2001 |url=http://www.vaed.uscourts.gov/notablecases/moussaoui/exhibits/prosecution/ST00001A.pdf |publisher=United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia |date=March 1, 2006 |page=9 |access-date=August 24, 2008 |archive-date=February 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207163520/http://www.vaed.uscourts.gov/notablecases/moussaoui/exhibits/prosecution/ST00001A.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> Burnett explained that the plane had been hijacked by men claiming to have a bomb. He also said a passenger had been stabbed with a knife and that he believed the bomb threat was a ruse to control the passengers.<ref name="Stip"/> Burnett said the stabbed passenger was dead, having failed to exhibit signs of a pulse.<ref name=Dedman/> The true nature of the mission came to light only six minutes after the hijacking commenced, when Burnett's wife informed him of the attacks on the World Trade Center. From there, Burnett was quickly able to piece together the hijackers' true intentions, replying that he had overheard the hijackers talking about "crashing this plane..." before arriving at the shocked conclusion: "Oh, my God. It's a suicide mission." He began asking her for information about the attacks, interrupting her from time to time to tell other passengers nearby what she was saying. He then hung up.<ref name="Burnett">{{cite news |last=Sward |first=Susan |title=The voice of the survivors |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2002/04/21/MN190309.DTL |date=April 21, 2002 |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=August 24, 2008 |archive-date=May 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523022532/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=%2Fchronicle%2Farchive%2F2002%2F04%2F21%2FMN190309.DTL |url-status=live}}</ref> In his next call, Deena informed Burnett of the attack on the Pentagon. Burnett relayed this to the other passengers, and told Deena he and a group of other passengers were putting together a plan to take control of the plane.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tomburnettfoundation.org/transcript.html |title=Transcript of Tom's Last Calls to Deena |publisher=Tom Burnett Family Foundation |access-date=June 13, 2021 |archive-date=July 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723125116/http://www.tomburnettfoundation.org/transcript.html |url-status=usurped}}</ref> He ended his last call by saying, "Don't worry, we're going to do something."<ref name="Burnett" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tomburnettfoundation.org/transcript.html |title=Transcript |website=Tom Burnett Family Foundation |access-date=2019-09-07 |archive-date=July 23, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723125116/http://www.tomburnettfoundation.org/transcript.html |url-status=usurped}}</ref> An unknown flight attendant attempted to contact the United Airlines maintenance facility at 09:32:29. The call lasted 95 seconds, but was not received as it may have been in queue.<ref name="9/11Commission"/> Flight attendant Sandra Bradshaw called the maintenance facility at 09:35:40 from row 33.<ref name="Sum93"/> She reported the flight had been hijacked by men with knives who were in the cabin and flight deck and had stabbed another flight attendant, possibly Debbie Welsh.<ref name="Stip"/>

It is believed that the murdered passenger mentioned by Burnett was Mark Rothenberg.<ref name=Dedman>{{cite web |author=Dedman, Bill |title=Heroes of Flight 93 |publisher=[[NBC News]] |date=July 29, 2002 |access-date=June 13, 2021 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna3080117 |archive-date=June 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613164247/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna3080117 |url-status=live}}</ref> Rothenberg was the only first class passenger who did not make a phone call after the hijacking. He was seated in 5B, and Haznawi sat directly behind him in 6B. On Flight 11, Satam al-Suqami, in seat 10B, attacked passenger [[Daniel Lewin]], who was seated directly in front of him in 9B. One assumption is that Haznawi attacked Rothenberg, unprovoked, to frighten other passengers and crew into compliance. Alternatively, Rothenberg may have attempted to stop the hijacking and confront the hijackers.<ref name="Mitchell" />{{rp|153–154}}

[[Mark Bingham]] called his mother at 09:37:03 from row 25. He reported that the plane had been hijacked by three men who claimed to have a bomb.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://archives.cnn.com/2001/US/09/12/family.reacts/index.html |title=Relatives wait for news as rescuers dig |date=September 13, 2001 |work=CNN |access-date=June 23, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080522050524/http://archives.cnn.com/2001/US/09/12/family.reacts/index.html |archive-date=May 22, 2008}}</ref> [[Jeremy Glick]] called his wife at 09:37:41 from row 27 and told her the flight was hijacked by three dark-skinned men who looked "Iranian", wearing [[:File:Flight93 bandana.jpg|red bandanas]] and wielding knives.<ref name="Chap1"/><ref name="Stip"/> Glick remained connected until the end of the flight.<ref name="Sum93"/> He reported that the passengers voted whether to "rush" the hijackers.<ref name="9/11Commission"/> The United air traffic control coordinator for West Coast flights, Alessandro "Sandy" Rogers, alerted the [[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) Herndon Command Center in [[Herndon, Virginia|Herndon]], Virginia, that Flight{{spaces}}93 was not responding and was off course. A minute later, the [[Transponder (aviation)|transponder]] was turned off, but the Cleveland controller continued to monitor the flight on primary radar.<ref name="NPR1"/> The Herndon Center relayed information on Flight{{spaces}}93 to FAA headquarters. Joseph DeLuca called his father at 09:43:03 from row 26 to inform him the flight had been hijacked.

{{Quote box|width=25em|align=right|quote="Jack, pick up sweetie, can you hear me? Okay. I just want to tell you, there's a little problem with the plane. I'm fine. I'm totally fine. I just want to tell you how much I love you."|source=—Message left by pregnant passenger [[Lauren Grandcolas]] at 09:39:21.<ref>{{cite news |title=Transcripts – Mornings with Paula Zahn – Remembering The Victims: Lauren Grandcolas |url=https://transcripts.cnn.com/show/ltm/date/2001-12-28/segment/16 |date=December 28, 2001 |work=CNN |access-date=June 23, 2008 |archive-date=May 25, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080525202225/http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0112/28/ltm.16.html |url-status=live}}</ref>}}
Passenger [[Lauren Grandcolas]] called her husband twice, once before takeoff and once during the hijacking at 09:39:21. He missed both her calls. Grandcolas made 7 more calls in the next 4 minutes,<ref name="Mitchell"/>{{rp|90}} then lent her phone to Marion Britton.<ref name="Mitchell"/>{{rp|240}}

[[Todd Beamer]] attempted to call his wife from row 32 at 09:43:48, but was routed to GTE phone operator Lisa D. Jefferson.<ref name="9/11Commission"/> Beamer told the operator the flight had been hijacked and that two people who he thought were the pilots were on the floor, dead or injured. He said one of the hijackers had a red belt with what looked to be a bomb strapped to his waist.<ref name="Beamer">{{cite news |last1=Lane |first1=Charles |last2=Phillips |first2=Don |last3=Snyder |first3=David |title=A Sky Filled With Chaos, Uncertainty and True Heroism |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2001/09/17/a-sky-filled-with-chaos-uncertainty-and-true-heroism/7ccdab74-aee8-47a1-9e4e-9e7d90f519b5/ |date=September 17, 2001 |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=August 24, 2008 |archive-date=December 9, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151209105904/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2001/09/17/a-sky-filled-with-chaos-uncertainty-and-true-heroism/7ccdab74-aee8-47a1-9e4e-9e7d90f519b5/ |url-status=live}}</ref> When the hijackers veered the plane sharply south, Beamer briefly panicked, exclaiming, "We're going down! We're going down!"<ref name=AmNatBiography>Evensen, Bruce J. (2000). [http://www.anb.org/articles/20/20-01916-print.html "Beamer, Todd Morgan"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515171738/http://www.anb.org/articles/20/20-01916-print.html |date=May 15, 2014 }}. ''[[American National Biography]]''. Retrieved May 14, 2014.</ref><ref name=PostGazette9.16.01>{{cite news |last=McKinnon |first=Jim |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/headlines/20010916phonecallnat3p3.asp |title=The phone line from Flight 93 was still open when a GTE operator heard Todd Beamer say: 'Are you guys ready? Okay. Let's roll ...' |newspaper=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |date=September 16, 2001 |access-date=July 18, 2016 |archive-date=December 25, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225171951/http://old.post-gazette.com/headlines/20010916phonecallnat3p3.asp |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Guardian>{{cite news |last=Vulliamy |first=Ed |date=December 1, 2001 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/dec/02/september11.terrorism1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119194533/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/dec/02/september11.terrorism1 |archive-date=November 19, 2016 |title='Let's roll{{spaces}}...' |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Linda Gronlund called her sister, Elsa Strong, at 09:46:05 and left her a message saying there were "men with a bomb".<ref name="SanFran1">{{cite news |last=Serrano |first=Richard A |title=9/11 phone drama replayed at Moussaoui sentencing trial |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/04/12/MNG95I7P2G1.DTL&feed=rss.news |date=April 12, 2006 |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=August 24, 2008 |archive-date=April 11, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411224458/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2006%2F04%2F12%2FMNG95I7P2G1.DTL&feed=rss.news |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{listen | pos = | help = no | filename = Lyles.ogg | title = CeeCee Lyles | description = Phone call made by CeeCee Lyles | format = Ogg}}
Flight attendant CeeCee Lyles called her husband at 09:47:57 and left him a message saying the plane had been hijacked.<ref name="Sum93"/> Marion Britton called her friend, Fred Fiumano, at 09:49:12. Fiumano recalled, "she said, 'We're gonna. They're gonna kill us, you know, We're gonna die.' And I told her, 'Don't worry, they hijacked the plane, they're gonna take you for a ride, you go to their country, and you come back. You stay there for vacation.' You don't know what to say{{snd}}what are you gonna say? I kept on saying the same things, 'Be calm.' And she was crying and{{spaces}}... screaming and yelling."<ref name="Love"/>

Flight attendant Sandra Bradshaw called her husband at 09:50:04 and told him she was heating water to throw at the hijackers.<ref name="Sum93"/> Honor Elizabeth Wainio called her stepmother at 09:53:43 and concluded, four and a half minutes later, by saying, "I have to go. They're breaking into the cockpit. I love you."<ref name="Age1">{{cite web |title='Let's roll': A catchphrase that became a battlecry |url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/09/09/1031115990625.html |work=The Age |location=Australia |date=September 9, 2002 |access-date=August 24, 2008 |archive-date=October 2, 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021002070121/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/09/09/1031115990625.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Jarrah dialed in the [[VHF omnidirectional range]] (VOR) frequency for the VOR navigational aid at [[Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport|Reagan National Airport]] at 09:55:11 to direct the plane toward Washington, D.C.<ref name="Notes"/>

Bradshaw, on the phone with her husband, said "Everyone is running up to first class. I've got to go. Bye."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Alderson |first1=Andrew |first2=Susan |last2=Bisset |title=The extraordinary last calls of Flight UA93 |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/1360088/The-extraordinary-last-calls-of-Flight-UA93.html |date=October 20, 2001 |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK |access-date=August 24, 2008 |archive-date=November 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181107002859/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/1360088/The-extraordinary-last-calls-of-Flight-UA93.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Beamer told GTE phone operator Lisa Jefferson that he and a few passengers were getting together and were planning to "jump" the hijacker with the bomb.<ref name=PostGazette9.16.01/> Beamer recited the [[Lord's Prayer]] and the [[23rd Psalm]] with Jefferson, prompting others to join in. Beamer requested of Jefferson, "If I don't make it, please call my family and let them know how much I love them." After this, Jefferson heard muffled voices and Beamer answering, "Are you ready? Okay. [[Let's roll]]." These were Beamer's last words to Jefferson.<ref name=AmNatBiography/><ref name=PostGazette9.16.01/><ref name=Guardian/>

During the hijacking, Flight 93 passed within {{convert|1000|ft}} (instead of the normal {{convert|2000|ft}}) of a NASA [[KC-135]] returning from a microgravity flight over Lake Ontario. NASA pilot Dominic Del Rosso recalled how odd the silence on the radio was that morning.<ref name="JSCR 911">{{cite news |last=Davis |first=Melissa |title=Crossing paths with danger |newspaper=Johnson Space Center Roundup |date=September 2001}}</ref>