Editing Ukrainian language (section)

===Rus' and Kingdom of Ruthenia===
{{see also|Ruthenian language}}
The era of [[Kievan Rus']] ({{circa}} 880–1240) is the subject of some linguistic controversy, as the language of much of the literature was purely or heavily [[Old Slavonic language|Old Church Slavonic]]. Some theorists{{which?|date=June 2024}} see an early Ukrainian stage in language development here, calling it Old Ruthenian; others{{which?|date=June 2024}} term this era [[Old East Slavic]]. Russian theorists tend to amalgamate Rus' to the modern nation of Russia, and call this linguistic era Old Russian. However, according to Russian linguist Andrey Zaliznyak (2012), people from the [[Novgorod Republic]] did not call themselves ''Rus{{'}}'' until the 14th century; earlier Novgorodians reserved the term ''Rus{{'}}'' for the [[Principality of Kiev|Kiev]], [[Principality of Pereyaslavl|Pereyaslavl]] and [[Principality of Chernigov|Chernigov]] principalities.<ref name="About Russian Language History"/> At the same time as evidenced by contemporary chronicles, the ruling princes and kings of [[Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia|Galicia–Volhynia]] and Kiev called themselves "people of Rus{{'}}" (in foreign sources called "[[Ruthenians]]"),{{cn|date=June 2024}} and Galicia–Volhynia has alternately been called the Principality or Kingdom of Ruthenia.{{sfn|Jakubowski|Miszczuk|Kawałko|Komornicki|2016|p=6}}

Also according to Andrey Zaliznyak, the Novgorodian dialect differed significantly from that of other dialects of Kievan Rus during the 11th–12th century, but  
started becoming more similar to them around 13th–15th centuries. The modern Russian language hence developed from the fusion of this Novgorodian dialect and the common dialect spoken by the other Kievan Rus, whereas the modern Ukrainian and Belarusian languages developed from the dialects which did not differ from each other in a significant way.<ref name="About Russian Language History"/>