Editing Trinity College Dublin (section)

==Buildings and grounds==
[[File:Trinity College, Dublin front.jpg|thumb|The façade of the main building]]
[[File:Trinity College - Parliament Square - October 2023.jpg|thumb|The Parliament Square]]
The main site of Trinity College has been described as retaining a tranquil collegiate atmosphere despite its location in the centre of a capital city,<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.forbes.com/2010/08/31/beautiful-campuses-lifestyle-education-colleges-10-university-architecture_slide.html|title=The World's Most Beautiful College Campuses|journal=Forbes Magazine|year=2012|location=USA}}</ref> and despite it being one of Dublin's, and Ireland's, most prominent tourist attractions, with more than 2 million visitors annually.<ref name="TCD campus attracts 2 million visit">{{cite web |title=TCD campus attracts 2 million visitors every year |url=https://universitytimes.ie/2024/09/the-impact-of-unrestricted-campus-tourism-on-trinity-students/#:~:text=Over%20two%20million%20people%20visit,the%20Book%20of%20Kells%20Exhibition}}</ref> This is, in large part, due to the enclosed and compact design of the college, with the main buildings looking inwards, largely arranged in quadrangles (called squares), and the existence of only a few public entrances. In addition to the main site of the college, Trinity owns a number of buildings nearby in central Dublin, as well as an enterprise centre near [[Ringsend]] and a botanic garden in [[Dartry]].<ref>{{Cite news |first=Sylvia |last=Thompson |title=A hidden biodiversity hotspot in Dublin's suburbs |date=14 April 2022 |access-date=28 February 2025 |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/science/a-hidden-biodiversity-hotspot-in-dublin-s-suburbs-1.4841123  |newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]}}</ref> The college has been used as a location in numerous movies and novels.<ref name="Movies filmed at Trinity College"/>

Patrick Wyse Jackson, curator of the Geological Museum at Trinity, assessed the architectural merits of the entrance and entry buildings in 1993: 
<blockquote>
"The imposing entrance to Trinity College, consisting of a central area flanked by two square pavilions, was built in the 1750s of Leinster Granite from [[Golden Hill quarry|Golden Hill]], Co Wicklow, and [[Portland Stone]] was used for the [[architrave]]s, [[Festoon|swags]], and [[Corinthian order|Corinthian]] [[pilaster]]s and half-columns... The masonry cost £27,000. Between 1990 and 1992 the central portion of the building was cleaned. Passing through the gateway one walks over a wooden floor of interlocking hexagonal setts (similar in pattern to the [[basalt]]ic [[Giant's Causeway]]), and into Parliament Square, which is dominated by the identical Corinthian fronts, in Leinster Granite and Portland Stone, of the Chapel on the left and the Examination Hall on the right. Further into the square on the left-hand side is the Dining Hall, restored after a fire in 1984. For reasons unknown, until 1870 the clock in the [[portico]] was set fifteen minutes after Dublin time."{{sfn|Wyse Jackson|1993|page=30}}</blockquote>

The hexagonal setts are made of oak, chosen for its noise absorption qualities, and was a common form of paving in the forecourts of hospitals.{{sfn|Dublin Tourism|page=24}} 

===Main site===
The main college grounds are approximately 190,000 m<sup>2</sup> (47 acres),<ref>{{cite web|title=Trinity College Dublin (TCD) – Fateh Education – DRLP-16|url=http://pages.fateheducation.com/Trinity-College-Dublin-DRLP-16|access-date=2021-05-26|website=pages.fateheducation.com|archive-date=31 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031105336/http://pages.fateheducation.com/Trinity-College-Dublin-DRLP-16|url-status=live}}</ref> including the Trinity College Enterprise Centre some distance away, and buildings provide around 200,000 m<sup>2</sup> of floor space, ranging from works of older architecture to more modern buildings. The college's main entrance is on College Green, and its grounds are bounded by Nassau and Pearse Streets. The college is bisected by [[College Park, Dublin|College Park]], which has both a cricket and a rugby pitch.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}

The college's western side is older, featuring the [[Campanile (Trinity College Dublin)|Campanile]], as well as many fine buildings, including the Chapel and Examination Hall (designed by [[Sir William Chambers]]), [[Graduates Memorial Building]], [[Museum Building (Trinity College Dublin)|Museum Building]], and [[The Rubrics]] (the sole surviving section of the original 17th-century quadrangle), all spread across the college's five squares.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} An [[organ case]] held within the Examination Hall was noted by ''Dublin Tourism'' to be the oldest existing Irish made organ case, reputed to have been built in 1684 by Lancelot Pearse.{{sfn|Dublin Tourism|page=5}} The [[Gilding|gilt]] oak chandelier which hangs in the Examination Hall was taken from the old [[Parliament House, Dublin|Irish House of Commons]] in nearby [[College Green, Dublin|College Green]].{{sfn|Dublin Tourism|page=5}}

The [[Provost's House, Trinity College Dublin|Provost's House]] sits a little way up from the College Front Gate such that the House is actually on [[Grafton Street]], one of the two principal shopping streets in the city, while its garden faces into the college. The [[Douglas Hyde Gallery]], a contemporary art gallery, is in the college, as is the Samuel Beckett Theatre.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} It hosts national and international performances and is used by the Dublin International Theatre Festival, the Dublin Dance Festival, and The Fringe Festival, among others.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} During the academic term, it is predominantly used as a teaching and performance space for drama students and staff.

The college's eastern side is occupied by science buildings, most of which are modern developments, arranged in three rows instead of quadrangles.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} In 2010, ''[[Forbes]]'' ranked it one of the 15 most beautiful college grounds in the world.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.forbes.com/2010/08/31/beautiful-campuses-lifestyle-education-colleges-10-university-architecture_slide_7.html | work=Forbes | title=The World's Most Beautiful College Campuses | access-date=17 September 2017 | archive-date=29 July 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729210227/https://www.forbes.com/2010/08/31/beautiful-campuses-lifestyle-education-colleges-10-university-architecture_slide_7.html | url-status=live }}</ref>

====Chapel====
[[File:Trinity College Chapel, Dublin.jpg|thumb|Interior of Trinity College Chapel]]
The current chapel was completed in 1798, and was designed by George III's architect, [[Sir William Chambers]], who also designed the public theatre opposite the chapel on Parliament Square.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tcd.ie/about/history/|title=History – About Trinity|publisher=Trinity College Dublin|access-date=21 January 2018|archive-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209064250/https://www.tcd.ie/about/history/|url-status=live}}</ref> Reflecting the college's [[Anglican]] heritage, there are daily services of [[Morning Prayer (Anglican)|Morning prayer]], weekly services of [[Evensong]], and [[Holy Communion]] is celebrated on Tuesdays and Sundays. It is no longer compulsory for students to attend these.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}

The chapel has been ecumenical since 1970, and is now also used daily in the celebration of Mass for the college's Roman Catholic members.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} According to a ''Dublin Tourism'' brochure in the late 1990s, it was the "only chapel in the country which is shared by all the Christian denominations".{{sfn|Dublin Tourism|page=6}} In addition to the Anglican chaplain, who is known as the Dean of Residence, there are two Roman Catholic chaplains and one Methodist chaplain. Ecumenical events are often held in the chapel, such as the annual carol service and the service of thanksgiving on Trinity Monday.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tcd.ie/Chaplaincy/|title=Chaplaincy|publisher=Trinity College Dublin|access-date=21 January 2018|archive-date=3 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203001954/http://www.tcd.ie/Chaplaincy/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Behind the chapel is a small cemetery named Challenor's Corner, which is reserved for the burial of Provosts of the college.{{sfn|Dublin Tourism|page=6}} The space is named after Luke Challenor, who was buried there in 1613.{{sfn|Dublin Tourism|page=6}}

====Library====
{{Main|Library of Trinity College Dublin}}
[[File:Long Room Interior, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland - Diliff.jpg|thumb|The Long Room of the [[Library of Trinity College Dublin|Old Library]]|right]] [[File:Arnaldo Pomodoro's 'Sfera con Sfera' at The Berkeley Library, Trinity College Dublin.JPG|thumb|[[Arnaldo Pomodoro]]'s ''[[Sphere Within Sphere]]'' sculpture stands outside the [[Eavan Boland]] Library.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sphere within Sphere|url=https://www.tcd.ie/library/berkeley/4-sphere-within-sphere/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-26|website=Trinity College Dublin|date=23 January 2017|archive-date=8 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200908031426/https://www.tcd.ie/library/berkeley/4-sphere-within-sphere/}}</ref>]]
The [[Library of Trinity College Dublin|Library of Trinity College]] is Ireland's largest research library. As a result of its historic standing, Trinity College Library Dublin is a [[legal deposit]] library, now under the Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000 in Irish law and the [[Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003]] in UK law.<ref name=":16">{{cite web|title=Legal Deposit – The Library of Trinity College Dublin|url=https://www.tcd.ie/library/about/legal-deposit.php|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-26|website=Trinity College Dublin|archive-date=21 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210621012300/https://www.tcd.ie/library/about/legal-deposit.php}}</ref><ref>{{Cite ISB|title=Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000|year=2000|number=28|section=198|stitle=Delivery of certain materials to libraries|date=10 July 2000}}</ref> The college is therefore legally entitled to a copy of every book published in Great Britain and Ireland, and consequently receives over 100,000 new items every year.<ref name=":16" /> The library contains about five million books, including 30,000 current serials and significant collections of manuscripts, maps, and printed music.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} Three million books are held in the book depository, known as the "Stacks", in [[Santry]], from which requests are retrieved twice daily.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}

The Library proper comprises several buildings in the college. The original (Old) Library is Thomas Burgh's masterpiece.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} A huge building, it originally towered over the university and the city after its completion. Even today, surrounded by similarly scaled buildings, it is imposing and dominates the view of the university from Nassau Street.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} It was founded with the college and first endowed by [[James Ussher]] (1625–56), Archbishop of Armagh, who endowed his own valuable library, comprising several thousand printed books and manuscripts, to the college.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} The [[Book of Kells]] is by far the Library's most famous book and is in the Old Library, along with the [[Book of Durrow]], the Book of Howth and other ancient texts.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} Also incorporating the Long Room, the Old Library receives over 900,000 visitors per year, making it Dublin's second-most visited tourist destination.<ref>{{cite web |title=TCD campus attracts 2 million visitors every year |url=https://universitytimes.ie/2024/09/the-impact-of-unrestricted-campus-tourism-on-trinity-students/#:~:text=Over%20two%20million%20people%20visit,the%20Book%20of%20Kells%20Exhibition}}</ref> In the 18th century, the college received the [[Trinity College harp|Brian Boru harp]], one of the three surviving medieval Gaelic harps, and a national symbol of Ireland, now housed in the library.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}

The buildings known as the college's BLU ('''B'''oland '''L'''ecky '''U'''ssher) Arts library complex consist of the Eavan Boland Library (named for the Irish poet [[Eavan Boland]]) in Fellow's square, built in 1956 as the Berkeley Library; the Lecky Library (named for the historian [[William Edward Hartpole Lecky]]), attached to the Arts building; and the Ussher Library (named for the theologian [[James Ussher]]), opened in 2003, overlooking College Park and housing the Glucksman Map Library.<ref name=":17">{{cite web|title=Finding your Library|url=https://www.tcd.ie/library/support/tutorials/finding-library/story_html5.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-05-26|website=Trinity College Dublin|archive-date=16 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616132151/https://www.tcd.ie/library/support/tutorials/finding-library/story_html5.html?lms=1}}</ref> The Glucksman Library contains half a million printed maps, the largest collection of cartographic materials in Ireland. This includes the first Ordnance Surveys of Ireland, conducted in the early 19th century.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}

The Berkeley Library, named for the philosopher [[George Berkeley]], was renamed after attention was brought to Berkeley's history as a [[slave]] trader, leading to a petition for renaming from the Students Union.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://universitytimes.ie/2022/02/tcdsu-votes-to-lobby-for-renaming-the-berkeley-library/ | title=TCDSU Votes to Lobby to Rename the Berkeley Library | access-date=23 August 2022 | archive-date=23 August 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823211942/https://universitytimes.ie/2022/02/tcdsu-votes-to-lobby-for-renaming-the-berkeley-library/ | url-status=live }}</ref> In August 2022, incoming Student Union President Gabi Fullam announced that the Students Union would refer to the library as the "X Library" in all official communications pending renaming.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://trinitynews.ie/2022/08/tcdsu-call-for-immediate-de-naming-of-the-library/ |title=TCDSU call for immediate de-naming of the Library |newspaper=[[Trinity News]] |access-date=2022-08-23 |archive-date=23 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220823164030/https://trinitynews.ie/2022/08/tcdsu-call-for-immediate-de-naming-of-the-library/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In April 2023, Trinity College announced that it would dename the Berkeley Library,<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Trinity College Dublin to dename the Berkeley Library |date=26 April 2023 |publisher=Trinity College Library |url=https://www.tcd.ie/library/news/trinity-college-dublin-to-dename-the-berkeley-library/}}</ref> and in October 2024 it was renamed the Eavan Boland Library after the poet [[Eavan Boland]]. This makes it the first building named after any woman on Trinity’s city centre campus.<ref>{{cite web|title=Trinity renames its main Library after poet Eavan Boland|url=https://www.tcd.ie/news_events/articles/2024/trinity-renaming/|access-date=19 November 2024|publisher=Trinity College Dublin}}</ref> Previous to the renaming, Trinity asked members of the public to vote on a figure for the library to named in honour of. [[Wolfe Tone]] won the poll with 31% of the vote, while Boland netted 7%. Trinity subsequently chose to ignore the vote.<ref>{{cite news |last= |first= |date=20 March 2025 |title="Tone Deaf" Irish times |url=https://www.thephoenix.ie/article/tone-deaf-irish-times/ |work=[[The Phoenix (magazine)|The Phoenix]] |location= |publisher= |access-date=20 March 2025}}</ref> 

The Library also includes the [[William Rowan Hamilton|William Hamilton]] Science and Engineering Library and the [[John Stearne (physician)|John Stearne]] Medical Library, housed at St James's Hospital.<ref name=":17" />

====Business school====
{{Main|Trinity Business School}}
The Trinity College Business School's building is in an €80 million construction project and was inaugurated on 23 May 2019 by the [[Taoiseach]], [[Leo Varadkar]], an alumnus of Trinity College School of Medicine.<ref>{{cite news|last=Power|first=Jack|title=Taoiseach opens new €80m Trinity business school|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/education/taoiseach-opens-new-80m-trinity-business-school-1.3902415|access-date=2021-05-26|newspaper=The Irish Times|language=en|archive-date=7 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107234205/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/education/taoiseach-opens-new-80m-trinity-business-school-1.3902415|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2017-06-03|title=Ireland's new Prime Minister Leo Varadkar is a 'real global Indian', says family back home|url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/irelands-new-prime-minister-leo-varadkar-is-a-real-global-indian-says-family-back-home-3512287.html|access-date=2021-05-26|website=Firstpost|archive-date=18 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180618175320/https://www.firstpost.com/world/irelands-new-prime-minister-leo-varadkar-is-a-real-global-indian-says-family-back-home-3512287.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The six-storey building, adjoining the Naughton Institute on the college's Pearse Street side, includes an Innovation and Entrepreneurial hub, a 600-seat auditorium, "smart classrooms" with digital technology, and an "executive education centre".{{citation needed|date=February 2025}} The [[Zero-energy building|near-zero energy building]] provides a link between the city and the main University grounds.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcd.ie/news_events/articles/taoiseach-opens-e80-million-building-for-scaled-up-trinity-business-school/|title=Trinity Business School|website=tcd.ie|date=23 May 2019|access-date=29 September 2019|archive-date=29 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929094957/https://www.tcd.ie/news_events/articles/taoiseach-opens-e80-million-building-for-scaled-up-trinity-business-school/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Other facilities===
Trinity also incorporates a number of buildings and facilities spread throughout the city, from the politics and sociology departments on [[Dame Street]] to the Faculty of Health Sciences buildings, located at [[St. James's Hospital]] and [[Tallaght University Hospital]]. The Trinity Centre at St James's Hospital incorporates additional teaching rooms, as well as the Institute of Molecular Medicine and John Durkan Leukaemia Institute.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}

[[File:TCD Herb Garden, winter 2024.jpg|thumb|The modern Herb or Physic Garden of TCD, off Pearse St., made in 2011]]The college's botanic garden, which developed from a herb garden on the main site, is located in [[Dartry]], around four kilometres south of the main site, and it also owns a large set of residences on the [[Dartry Road]], in [[Rathmines]], called [[Trinity Hall, Dublin|Trinity Hall]].<ref group="Note">Trinity Hall, which houses 1,100 students, of whom the majority are first years.</ref> A new physic or herb garden was opened in 2011, and there are also small gardens in the space known as Botany Bay and at the rear of the Provost's House.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}

In November 2018, Trinity announced plans, estimated at €230 million, to develop university research facilities on a site in [[Grand Canal Dock]] as part of an "Innovation District" for the area.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.siliconrepublic.com/innovation/trinity-college-campus-future-estates-strategy |title=Trinity College Dublin reveals €230m blueprint for the campus of the future |last=Kennedy |first=John |date=2018-11-22 |website=Silicon Republic |language=en |access-date=2020-02-12 |archive-date=22 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122163813/https://www.siliconrepublic.com/innovation/trinity-college-campus-future-estates-strategy |url-status=live }}</ref> These plans were later scaled back.{{As of?|date=February 2025}}

In addition to College Park, Botany Bay and other on-site facilities, the college also owns sports grounds in Santry and Crumlin, and a boathouse in Islandbridge.{{citation needed|date=January 2024}}