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===Medication=== The United States [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) has not approved any medications for trichotillomania treatment.<ref name="Trich">{{cite web|title=Trichotillomania Treatment Options|url=http://www.trichstop.com/treatment|publisher=Trichstop.com|access-date=21 March 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302154726/http://www.trichstop.com/treatment|archive-date=2 March 2015}}</ref> However, some medications have been used to treat trichotillomania, with mixed results. Treatment with [[clomipramine]], a [[tricyclic antidepressant]], was shown in a small [[Blind experiment|double-blind study]] to improve symptoms,<ref name="Swedo">{{cite journal | vauthors = Swedo SE, Leonard HL, Rapoport JL, Lenane MC, Goldberger EL, Cheslow DL | title = A double-blind comparison of clomipramine and desipramine in the treatment of trichotillomania (hair pulling) | journal = The New England Journal of Medicine | volume = 321 | issue = 8 | pages = 497β501 | date = August 1989 | pmid = 2761586 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM198908243210803 }}</ref> but results of other studies on clomipramine for treating trichotillomania have been inconsistent.<ref name="Sah"/> [[Naltrexone]] may be a viable treatment.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002485/#adam_001517.disease.treatment|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731092435/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002485/|url-status=dead|title=A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia. Trichotillomania Trichotillosis; Compulsive hair pulling. Last reviewed: February 13, 2012.|archive-date=July 31, 2013}}</ref> [[Fluoxetine]] and other [[selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor]]s (SSRIs) have limited usefulness in treating trichotillomania, and can often have significant side effects.<ref name=Christenson91a>{{cite journal | vauthors = Christenson GA, Mackenzie TB, Mitchell JE, Callies AL | title = A placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study of fluoxetine in trichotillomania | journal = The American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 148 | issue = 11 | pages = 1566β1571 | date = November 1991 | pmid = 1928474 | doi = 10.1176/ajp.148.11.1566 }}</ref> Behavioral therapy has proven more effective when compared to fluoxetine.<ref name="Sah"/> There is little research on the effectiveness of behavioral therapy combined with medication and robust evidence from [[Evidence-based medicine#Assessing the quality of evidence|high-quality studies]] is lacking.<ref name=":1" /> [[N-acetylcysteine]] treatment stemmed from an understanding of glutamate's role in regulation of impulse control.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Grant JE, Odlaug BL, Kim SW | title = N-acetylcysteine, a glutamate modulator, in the treatment of trichotillomania: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study | journal = Archives of General Psychiatry | volume = 66 | issue = 7 | pages = 756β763 | date = July 2009 | pmid = 19581567 | doi = 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.60 | doi-access = }}</ref> A study found that [[memantine]], a drug typically used to treat symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, was effective in reducing trichotillomania behaviour. Similar to N-acetylcysteine mentioned above, memantine acts to regulate glutamate levels.<ref name="p978">{{cite journal | last=Grant | first=Jon E. | last2=Chesivoir | first2=Eve | last3=Valle | first3=Stephanie | last4=Ehsan | first4=Dustin | last5=Chamberlain | first5=Samuel R | title=Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study of Memantine in Trichotillomania and Skin-Picking Disorder | journal=American Journal of Psychiatry | volume=180 | issue=5 | date=2023-05-01 | issn=0002-953X | doi=10.1176/appi.ajp.20220737 | pages=348β356 | url=https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ajp.20220737 | access-date=2025-05-05}}</ref> Different medications, depending on the individual, may increase hair pulling.<ref name="Trich"/>
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