Editing Treblinka extermination camp (section)

===Foreign Jews and Romani people===
[[File:DR Class 52.80 entering tunnel.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Standard [[Holocaust train|Holocaust locomotive]], [[DRB Class 52]]]]
Treblinka received transports of almost 20,000 foreign Jews between October 1942 and March 1943, including 8,000 from the German [[Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia]] via [[Theresienstadt]], and over 11,000 from Bulgarian-occupied [[Thrace]], [[Macedonia (region)|Macedonia]], and [[Pirot]] following an agreement with the Nazi-allied Bulgarian government.<ref name="USHMM">{{cite web |url=http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007257 |title=Treblinka: Chronology |publisher=United States Holocaust Memorial Museum |date=10 June 2013 |access-date=9 December 2013 |author=Holocaust Encyclopedia |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120605123023/http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007257 |archive-date=5 June 2012 |format=Internet Archive |quote=Deportations from Theresienstadt and Bulgarian-occupied territory among others.}}</ref> They had train tickets and arrived predominantly in passenger carriages with considerable luggage, travel foods and drinks, all of which were taken by the SS to the food storage barracks. The provisions included such items as smoked mutton, speciality breads, wine, cheese, fruit, tea, coffee, and sweets.{{sfn|Wiernik|1945}} Unlike Polish Jews arriving in Holocaust trains from nearby ghettos in cities like [[Warsaw Ghetto|Warsaw]], [[Radom Ghetto|Radom]], and those of ''[[Bezirk Bialystok]]'', the foreign Jews received a warm welcome upon arrival from an SS man (either [[Otto Stadie]] or Willy Mätzig),<ref name="USHMM" />{{sfn|Kopówka|Rytel-Andrianik|2011|pp=96–100}} after which they were murdered like the others.{{sfn|Klee|1988|p=246}} Treblinka was mainly used for the murder of Polish Jews, Bełżec was used to murder Jews from Austria and the [[Sudetenland]], and Sobibór was used to murder Jews from France and the Netherlands. Auschwitz-Birkenau was used to murder Jews from almost every other country in Europe.<ref name="ushmm-centers">{{cite web |url=http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005372 |title=Deportations to Killing Centers |publisher=United States Holocaust Memorial Museum |work=Holocaust History |date=11 May 2012 |access-date=9 November 2013 |author=Holocaust Encyclopedia |archive-date=17 September 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120917165840/http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005372 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The frequency of arriving transports slowed down in winter.<ref name=Shoah>Lanzmann 1985.<!--needs more details, plus time or page number--></ref>

The decoupled locomotive went back to the Treblinka station or to the layover yard in Małkinia for the next load,{{sfn|Kopówka|Rytel-Andrianik|2011|p=95|ps=: Samuel Rajzman testimony.}} while the victims were pulled from the carriages onto the platform by ''Kommando Blau'', one of the Jewish work details forced to assist the Germans at the camp.{{sfn|Klee|1988|p=246}} They were led through the gate amidst chaos and screaming.{{sfn|Kopówka|Rytel-Andrianik|2011|pp=96–100}} They were separated by gender behind the gate; women were pushed into the undressing barracks and barber on the left, and men were sent to the right. All were ordered to tie their shoes together and strip. Some kept their own towels.{{sfn|Wiernik|1945}} The Jews who resisted were taken to the "Lazarett", also called the "Red Cross infirmary", and shot behind it. Women had their hair cut off; therefore, it took longer to prepare them for the gas chambers than men.<ref name="Yeger" /> The hair was used in the manufacture of socks for [[U-boat]] crews and hair-felt footwear for the ''[[Deutsche Reichsbahn]]''.{{efn|The ''Deutsche Reichsbahn'', (German Reich Railway<ref>Zeller, Thomas (2007). ''Driving Germany: The Landscape of the German Autobahn, 1930–1970'', Bergbahn Books, p. 51. {{ISBN|978-1-84545-309-1}}</ref> or German Imperial Railway,<ref>''Germany's Economy, Currency and Finance: A Study Addressed by Order of the German Government to the Committees of Experts, as Appointed by the Reparations Commission.'' Zentral-Verlag G.M.B.H., 1924, pp. 4, 98–99.</ref><ref>Anastasiadou, Irene (2011). ''Constructing Iron Europe: Transnationalism and Railways in the Interbellum'', Amsterdam University Press, p. 134. {{ISBN|978-90-5260-392-6}}</ref>) was the German national railway created from the railways of the individual states of the [[German Empire]] following the end of [[World War I]].|name=Deutsche Reichsbahn}}<ref name="CID">{{cite book |author=Comité International de Dachau |year=1978 |title=Plate 282 |page=137 |publisher=Comité International de Dachau |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dKF9-nkObTYC |quote=Directive sent to all concentration camp commanders from SS-''Gruppenführer'' [[Richard Glücks]] in 1942. |isbn=3-87490-528-4 |access-date=15 August 2015 |archive-date=27 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427034548/https://books.google.com/books?id=dKF9-nkObTYC |url-status=live }}</ref>

Most of those murdered at Treblinka were Jews, but about 2,000 [[Romani people]] were also murdered there. Like the Jews, the Romani were first rounded up and sent to the ghettos. At a conference on 30 January 1940 it was decided that all 30,000 Romani living in Germany proper were to be deported to former Polish territory. Most of these were sent to Jewish ghettos in the General Government, such as those in Warsaw and Łódź. As with the Jews, most Romani who went to Treblinka were murdered in the gas chambers, although some were shot. The majority of the Jews living in ghettos were sent to Bełżec, Sobibór, or Treblinka to be murdered; most of the Romani living in the ghettos were shot on the spot. There were no known Romani escapees or survivors from Treblinka.<ref name=Romani/>