Editing Toyota Celica (section)

== {{anchor|A40|A50}} Second generation (A40, A50; 1977) ==
{{Infobox automobile
| name = Second generation
| image = Toyota Celica A40 Euro Spec 1978.jpg
| caption = Pre-facelift Toyota Celica 1600 ST Coupé (TA40, UK)
| production = August 1977 – July 1981<ref name=VIM/>
| model_code = {{flatlist|
*A40
*A50
}}
| designer = [[David Stollery]]<ref name=Stollery/>
| class = [[Sports car]]
| body_style = {{unbulleted list
  | 2-door [[notchback]] [[coupé]]
  | 3-door [[liftback]] [[coupé]]
  }}
| layout = [[Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive]]
| related = {{unbulleted list
  | [[Toyota Supra]] (A40, A50)
  | [[Toyota Carina]] (A40, A50)
  }}
| engine = {{unbulleted list
  | 1588&nbsp;cc [[Toyota T engine#2T|''2T & 2T-G'']] [[Straight-four engine|I4]] (TA40/45)
  | 1588&nbsp;cc [[Toyota T engine#12T|''12T'']] I4 (TA41)
  | 1770&nbsp;cc [[Toyota T engine#3T|''3T'']] I4 (TA42)
  | 1770&nbsp;cc [[Toyota T engine#13T|''13T'']] I4 (TA46/47)
  | 1968&nbsp;cc [[Toyota R engine#18R|''18R & 18R-G'']] I4 (RA40/45/55)
  | 1972&nbsp;cc [[Toyota R engine#21R|''21R'']] I4 (RA46)
  | 2189&nbsp;cc [[Toyota R engine#20R|''20R'']] I4 (RA42)
  | 2366&nbsp;cc [[Toyota R engine#22R|''22R'']] I4 (RA43)
  }}
| transmission = {{unbulleted list
  | 3-speed [[Toyota A transmission#A40|A40]] [[automatic transmission|automatic]] ('78–'80)
  | 4-speed [[Toyota A transmission#A40D|A40D]] [[automatic transmission|automatic]] ('81)
  | 5-speed [[Toyota W transmission#W50|W50]] [[manual transmission|manual]]
  | 5-speed [[Toyota W transmission#W55|W55]] [[manual transmission|manual]] ('81)
  }}
| wheelbase = {{convert|2500|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|4410|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|1640|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|1310|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|1055|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
}}

[[Image:Celica 1978 1981.jpg|left|thumb|Pre-facelift Toyota Celica 2200 GT Liftback (RA42, US)]]

The second-generation Celica was released for the 1978 model year (production began in August 1977) and was again available in both notchback coupé and Liftback forms. It was designed in Toyota's [[Calty Design Research]] studio in California.<ref name="DeAg9-7">{{citation | ref = Fam09 | title = 週刊 日本の名車 | trans-title = Famous Japanese Cars Weekly | publisher = K.K. DeAgostini Japan | location = Tokyo | editor-first = Kazuyo | editor-last = Ogawara | volume = 9 | page = 7 | date = 2014-03-25 }}</ref> [[David Stollery]] was responsible for its design.<ref name=Stollery>{{cite web |title=David Stollery |url=https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/david-stollery/ |publisher=Disney |access-date=2007-11-16 |archive-date=2021-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125143323/https://d23.com/walt-disney-legend/david-stollery/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The coupé was no longer a true hardtop; both coupé and Liftback had frameless door glass but featured a thick "B" pillar. The glass areas were significantly increased over the original version, 26% larger for the coupé and 35% larger for the liftback. The A40 Celica was also the first Japanese production car to feature glass which curved in all three dimensions.<ref name="DeAg9-7"/>

[[File:Toyota CELICA COUPE 2000GT (A40) rear.jpg|thumb|left|Pre-facelift Toyota Celica Coupé 2000 SE (RA46, Japan)]]

The early or pre-facelift second-generation Celica was released with round headlights and chrome bumpers for lower grades. The higher grades such as the Japanese GT and all U.S. models have black rubber bumpers. The facelift was launched in August 1979 came with square headlights and revised tail lights. They came with chrome bumpers with rubber protectors on each corners, or for certain models with all polyurethane black bumpers such on the Japanese GT and all U.S. spec cars. The facelift model front end was not only featured square headlights, but also came with new grille, and revised hood and fenders which were not interchangeable with the parts of pre-facelift model. This generation offered as standard equipment a new windshield wiper and headlight switch installation, with the controls operated by levers attached to the steering column.<ref name="1stthru7thCelicaliftback" />

From 1979 until 1981 the Griffith company in the U.S. offered a Targa-style convertible conversion to the coupé. They were called the Sunchaser and had a removable Targa top and a folding rear roof, much like the '67 Porsche 911 soft-window Targa. These were Toyota approved and sold through Toyota dealers. Over 2,000 were produced. In Germany, the same Sunchaser version but also a full convertible and a traditional targa with a fixed rear window (called the TX22) were offered. Conversions were Toyota-approved and carried out from mid-1980 by a company called Tropic.<ref name="AK83">{{cite book | title = Auto Katalog 1983 | editor-last = Heitz | editor-first = Rudolf | publisher = [[:de:Motor Presse Stuttgart|Vereinigte Motor-Verlage GmbH & Co. KG]] | location = Stuttgart | page = 47 | volume = 26 | language = de | date=August 1982 }}</ref>

=== Markets ===
==== Japan ====
The Japanese model grades were ET, LT, ST, SE, XT, GT, and GTV. The GT and GTV have an 18R-G twincam engine. In August 1978, the GTV was replaced by the GT-Rally, a limited edition model that had a 1.6-liter 2T-GEU or 2.0-liter 18R-GEU engine, special grill, special bumpers, black interior (against the norm of colored interiors of the time) and was only available in white or lime green paint.

There were about 70 different variants of second-generation Celica sold in Japan over the model's lifetime. At its pinnacle in 1979, Toyota retailed 49 versions at once.

==== North America ====
Power for North American models was provided by a 2.2&nbsp;L SOHC [[Toyota R engine#20R|20R]] 4-cylinder engine developing {{convert|96|hp|0|abbr=on}} and {{convert|120|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}}  for both ST and GT models.  This new generation offered more safety, power and fuel economy than previous models and was awarded Motor Trend's ''Import Car of the Year'' for 1978.

In 1980, the limited edition ''U.S. Grand Prix GT Liftback'' was offered due to Toyota's connection to the [[Grand Prix of Long Beach|U.S. Grand Prix West]] in [[Long Beach, California]]. For 1981, the North American models were given a bigger 2.4-liter SOHC [[Toyota R engine#22R|22R]] 4-cylinder engine producing {{convert|97|hp|0|abbr=on}} and {{convert|128|lbft|Nm|0|abbr=on}}, which was simultaneously fitted to the [[Toyota Hilux|Pickup]]. To celebrate the Celica 10th Anniversary, the GTA coupe was released. This was basically a GT coupe with a four-speed automatic transmission, Supra style interior, power windows, upgraded sound system and alloy wheels. The GTA is distinguishable by its copper brown / beige two-tone paint and a "GTA 10th anniversary" plaque on the center console.

The Canadian models were similar to the U.S. models, but the Liftback was also offered in the more affordable ST trim, instead only the higher GT trim in the U.S.

==== Australia ====
In Australia, the new Celica was less sporty than earlier models. The only engine available was the 2-liter 18R, producing {{convert|66.4|kW|PS|0|abbr=on}}, hooked up to a five-speed manual or a three-speed automatic. The suspension was also quite soft and the [[recirculating ball]] steering came in for some criticism for its vagueness.<ref name=Whatcar>{{Citation | title=What car is that? : in Australia & New Zealand | editor-last=Boyce | editor-first=David | ref = DB1 | year=1981 | publisher=Rigby | location=Adelaide, Australia | page = 172 | isbn=0727014803 }}</ref> Both the coupé and the liftback bodywork were available in Australia.<ref name=Whatcar/>

==== Europe ====
Across Europe, the Celica was offered with the 1.6-liter, 2.0-liter, and 2.0-liter Twincam engines. Trim levels were 1600 LT, 1600 ST, 1600 GT, 2000 ST, 2000 XT, and 2000 GT.

=== Gallery ===
{{gallery | width = 200 | height = 121
|File:Toyota-Celicacouperear.jpg|The facelift model Toyota Celica GT Coupe (Japan)
|File:Toyota Celica liftback.jpg|The facelift model Toyota Celica 2200 GT Liftback (RA42, US)
|File:Toyota Celica convertible approaching Schaffen-Diest 2018.jpg|The facelift model Toyota Celica 1600 LT Sunchaser Convertible (TA40, Europe)
|File:Toyota Celica Liftback.jpg|The facelift model Toyota Celica 2000 LT Liftback (RA40, Australia)
}}

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=== Celica XX/Celica Supra ===
{{main article|Toyota Supra}}
[[File:1979 Toyota Celica XX 2000G.jpg|thumb|1979 Toyota Celica XX 2000G (Japan)]]

In April 1978 Toyota began production of the Mark I [[Toyota Supra]] in Japan, as the [[Toyota Celica XX]]. It debuted in the United States as the [[Toyota Celica Supra]] for the 1979 model year. The U.S. Mark I (chassis code MA46) was originally equipped with a {{convert|110|hp|0|abbr=on}} 2.6&nbsp;L (2563&nbsp;cc) 12-valve [[SOHC]] [[straight-six engine]] ([[Toyota M engine#4M|4M-E]]). Simultaneously the Japanese Celica{{nbsp}}XX (chassis code MA45) was offered with a {{convert|140|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} version of the 2.6 or with a {{convert|125|PS|kW|0|abbr=on}} 2.0 L 12-valve SOHC inline-six engine ([[Toyota M engine#M|M-EU]]).<ref name=Catvol25>{{citation | ref = JAMA25 | title= 自動車ガイドブック | trans-title = Japanese Motor Vehicles Guide Book 1978/1979 | language = ja | volume = 25 | date = 1978-10-10 | publisher = [[Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association]] | location = Japan | pages = 119–120 | id = 0053-780025-3400 }}</ref>

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{{anchor|Celica Camry|Camry}}

=== Celica Camry ===
{{main article|Toyota Carina}}
[[File:Тойота Celica Camry седан Япония спецификации.jpg|thumb|left|Toyota Celica Camry 1.8 XT (Japan)]]
[[File:1982 Toyota Celica Camry (12047332793).jpg|thumb|right|Toyota Celica Camry 1.8 XT (Japan)]]

Toyota launched the Celica Camry, a four-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]], in the Japanese market during January 1980. This model is a derivative of the second-generation 1977–1981 [[Toyota Carina]] (A40 and A50) with front-end styling resembling that of the contemporary Celica{{nbsp}}XX. Neither a coupe nor a liftback body was offered. Toyota replaced the Celica Camry with the front-wheel drive [[Toyota Camry]] (V10) in 1982.

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