Editing Tirana (section)

=== Urbanism ===

[[File:Grand_Park_of_Tirana_(2020).jpg|thumb|right|The [[Grand Park of Tirana|artificial lake of Tirana]] built from local waters in 1955]]

In September 2015, Tirana organized its first vehicle-free day, joining forces with numerous cities across the globe to fight against the existing problem of urban air pollution. This initiative resulted in a considerable drop in both air and noise pollution, encouraging the Municipality to organise a vehicle-free day every month.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-25 |title=Albania Announces Car-Free Days for First Sunday of Each Month |url=https://exit.al/en/2022/03/25/albania-announces-car-free-days-for-first-sunday-of-each-month/ |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=Exit - Explaining Albania |language=en-US |archive-date=18 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018081207/https://exit.al/en/2022/03/25/albania-announces-car-free-days-for-first-sunday-of-each-month/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-22 |title=Car-free day in Tirana, these are the roads where driving isn't permitted |url=https://euronews.al/en/albania/2022/03/22/car-free-day-in-tirana-these-are-the-roads-where-driving-isnt-permitted/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018081209/https://euronews.al/en/albania/2022/03/22/car-free-day-in-tirana-these-are-the-roads-where-driving-isnt-permitted/ |archive-date=18 October 2022 |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=Euronews Albania |language=en-US}}</ref>

The city suffers from problems related to [[Human overpopulation|overpopulation]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://enrin.grida.no/htmls/albania/soe1998/eng/drivers/soc_pres/urbanpop.htm |title=State of the Environment in Albania 1997-1998 |access-date=18 February 2018 |archive-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220064542/http://enrin.grida.no/htmls/albania/soe1998/eng/drivers/soc_pres/urbanpop.htm |url-status=dead}}</ref> such as [[waste management]], high levels of [[air pollution]] and significant [[noise pollution]].
Over the last decades, air pollution has become a pressing concern as the number of cars has increased. These are mostly 1990s and early 2000s [[Diesel engine|diesel]] cars,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sK6ZChjF-L8 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211030/sK6ZChjF-L8 |archive-date=2021-10-30 |title=Stoku i makinave të përdorura – News, Lajme – Vizion Plus |last=VizionPlusAlbania |date=7 November 2013 |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> while it is widely believed that the [[fuel]] used in Albania contains larger amounts of [[sulfur]] and [[lead]] than in the [[European Union]]. Effective 1 January 2019, the government has imposed an import ban of used vehicles made prior to 2005 in an effort to curb pollution, encourage the buying of new cars from certified domestic dealerships, and to improve overall road safety. Another source of pollution are PM10 and PM2.5 [[Atmospheric particulate matter|inhaled particulate matter]] and [[Nitrogen dioxide|NO<sub>2</sub>]] gases<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ecat-tirana.org/project4/imazhe/Tirana%20Air%20Quality%20Report.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310212638/http://www.ecat-tirana.org/project4/imazhe/Tirana%20Air%20Quality%20Report.pdf |url-status=dead |title=Environmental Center for Administration & Technology Tirana. 2008. ''Tirana Air Quality Report.'' Tirana: EU/LIFE Program; German Federal Ministry of the Environment, Nature Protection and Nuclear Safety. |archive-date=10 March 2012 |access-date=20 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.pmcg.co.me/NM7/Dako.pdf |title=Dako, Alba; Lika, Mirela and Hysen Mankolli. 2008. Monitoring aspects of air quality in urban areas of Tirana and Tirana and Durrës, Albania |journal=Natura Montenegrina |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=549–557 |access-date=2013-01-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325152255/http://www.pmcg.co.me/NM7/Dako.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2012}}</ref> resulting from rapid growth in the construction of new buildings and expanding road infrastructure.<ref>{{cite news |last=Cameron |first=Rob |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4062429.stm |title=Tirana: Where the streets have no name |work=BBC News |date=3 December 2004 |access-date=3 December 2004 |archive-date=30 May 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060530002351/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4062429.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>

Untreated [[solid waste]] is present in the city and outskirts. Additionally, there have been complaints of excessive noise pollution. Despite the problems, the Grand Park at the Artificial Lake has some effect on absorbing CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, while over 2.000 trees have been planted around sidewalks.

Works for four new large parks have started in the summer of 2015 located in Kashar, [[Farka Lake|Farkë]], Vaqarr, and [[Dajti Mountain|Dajt]]. These parks are part of the new urban plan striving to increase the concentration of green spaces in the capital.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oranews.tv – Veliaj: Në Farkë do ndërtohet terminali i autobusave për juglindjen |url=http://www.oranews.tv/vendi/veliaj-ne-farke-do-ndertohet-terminali-i-autobusave-per-juglindjen/ |website=Oranews |access-date=2015-08-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150822190111/http://www.oranews.tv/vendi/veliaj-ne-farke-do-ndertohet-terminali-i-autobusave-per-juglindjen/ |archive-date=22 August 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The government has included designated green areas around Tirana as part of the Tirana Greenbelt where construction is not permitted or limited.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.planifikimi.gov.al/?q=sq/content/njoftim-shtyp-lidhur-me-dy-vendimet-e-kkt-se-lidhur-me-kuroren-e-gjelber-te-tiranes-dhe |title=HOME |website=planifikimi.gov.al |access-date=10 July 2017 |archive-date=23 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323053747/http://www.planifikimi.gov.al/?q=sq/content/njoftim-shtyp-lidhur-me-dy-vendimet-e-kkt-se-lidhur-me-kuroren-e-gjelber-te-tiranes-dhe |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://aprtirana.al/baza-ligjore/ |title=Baza Ligjore - APR Tirana |website=aprtirana.al |access-date=10 July 2017 |archive-date=20 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820045348/http://aprtirana.al/baza-ligjore/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
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