Editing Taboo (section)

==Modernity==
Some argue that contemporary Western [[multiculturalism|multicultural]] societies have taboos against [[tribalism]]s (for example, [[ethnocentrism]] and [[nationalism]]) and [[prejudice]]s ([[racism]], [[sexism]], [[homophobia]], [[extremism]] and [[religious fanaticism]]).<ref name="Putnam, Robert D. 2007">{{Cite journal | last= Putnam | first = Robert D. | author-link = Robert D. Putnam | title = ''E Pluribus Unum'': Diversity and community in the twenty-first century | id = [[Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science|The 2006 Johan Skytte Prize Lecture]] | journal = [[Scandinavian Political Studies]] | volume = 30 | issue = 2 | pages = 137–174 | doi = 10.1111/j.1467-9477.2007.00176.x | date = June 2007 | s2cid = 14234366 }}</ref> 

Changing social customs and standards also create new taboos, such as bans on [[history of slavery|slavery]]; extension of the [[pedophilia]] taboo to [[ephebophilia]];<ref name="www.usccb.org">{{cite web|first=Frederick |last=S. Berlin |title=Interview with Frederick S. Berlin, M.D., Ph.D. |publisher=Office of Media Relations |access-date=2008-06-27 |url=http://www.usccb.org/comm/kit6.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623130406/http://www.usccb.org/comm/kit6.shtml |archive-date=June 23, 2011 }}</ref> prohibitions on [[Prohibition|alcohol]], [[smoking ban|tobacco]], or [[prohibition of drugs|psychopharmaceutical]] consumption (particularly among [[Prenatal exposure|pregnant women]]), unmoderated discussions of [[politics]] and [[religion]], [[sexual harassment]] and [[sexual objectification]] are increasingly becoming taboo in recent decades. 

[[Incest]] itself has been pulled both ways, with some seeking to normalize consensual adult relationships regardless of the degree of [[kinship]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/Archive/Article/0,4273,4331603,00.html|title=Forbidden love|author=Johann Hari|date=2002-01-09|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=2008-04-11}}</ref> (notably in Europe)<ref name="spiegel">{{cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/0,1518,540831,00.html|title=German High Court Takes a Look at Incest|last=Hipp|first=Dietmar|date=2008-03-11|work=[[Der Spiegel]]|access-date=2008-04-12}}</ref><ref name="abcnightline">{{cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/switzerland-considers-legalizing-consensual-incest-columbia-professor-accused/story?id=12395499|title=Professor Accused of Incest With Daughter|last=Donaldson James|first=Susan|work=ABC Nightline|access-date=29 November 2011}}</ref> and others expanding the degrees of prohibited contact (notably in the [[Laws regarding incest in the United States|United States]]).<ref>Joanna Grossman, [http://writ.news.findlaw.com/grossman/20020408.html Should the law be kinder to kissin' cousins?]</ref> Although the term ''taboo'' usually implies negative connotations, it is sometimes associated with enticing propositions in proverbs such as ''forbidden fruit is the sweetest''.<ref>Ladygina-Kots, Nadezhda Nikolaevna. "Infant Ape and Human Child: (Instincts, Emotions, Play, Habits)." Journal of Russian & East European Psychology 38.1 (2000): 5–78.</ref>

In medicine, professionals who practice in ethical and moral [[Loophole|grey areas]], or fields subject to [[social stigma]] such as [[late termination of pregnancy]], may refrain from public discussion of their practice. Among other reasons, this taboo may come from concern that comments may be taken out of the appropriate context and used to make ill-informed policy decisions that would lead to (otherwise preventable) [[maternal death]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Harris|first1=Lisa|title=Second Trimester Abortion Provision: Breaking the Silence and Changing the Discourse|journal=Reproductive Health Matters|date=2008|volume=16|issue=31|pages=74–81|doi=10.1016/S0968-8080(08)31396-2|pmid=18772087|s2cid=24915723|url=http://lib.tcu.edu/staff/bellinger/abortion/Harris.pdf|access-date=29 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author1=O'Donnell, Jenny|author2=Weitz, Tracy|author3=Freedman, Lori|title=Resistance and vulnerability to stigmatization in abortion work|journal=[[Social Science and Medicine]]|date=November 2011|volume=73|issue=9|pages=1357–1364|doi=10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.08.019|pmid=21940082}}</ref>