Editing Steampunk (section)

==Art, entertainment, and media==
{{See also|List of steampunk works}}

===Art and design===
[[File:Aura Krsitall Instrument.jpg|thumb|Aura Crystall Instrument – 1987 – by [[Marc van den Broek]]]]

Many of the visualisations of steampunk have their origins with, among others, [[Walt Disney]]'s film ''[[20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954 film)|20,000 Leagues Under the Sea]]'' (1954),<ref name=yrb1>{{cite news|url=http://www.yrbmagazine.com/2011/12/yrb-interview-dr-grymm/|title=YRB Interview: Dr. Grymm|magazine=YRB Magazine|date=December 6, 2011|first=Stephanie Amy|last=Collazo|access-date=March 6, 2012|quote=a dangerous tattoo machine, fusing a tattoo machine and an arm. Using a hand massager, projector parts, tube radios, a paint sprayer and miscellaneous parts (such as a glass vial of squid ink), Marsocci created an interesting piece that looks like something you'd find in Mary Shelley's home.|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125234416/http://www.yrbmagazine.com/2011/12/yrb-interview-dr-grymm/|archive-date=January 25, 2012}}</ref> including the design of the story's submarine the ''[[Nautilus (Verne)|Nautilus]]'', its interiors, and the crew's underwater gear.

Aspects of steampunk design emphasise a balance between [[Form follows function|form and function]].<ref name=hampton1>{{cite news|date=August 1, 2008|access-date=March 6, 2012|title=Steampunk Art And Design Exhibits In The Hamptons|first=Eileen|last=Casey|url=http://www.hamptons.com/detail.php?articleID=4486|work=Hamptons Online|quote=Steampunk is not considered 'Outsider Art,' but rather a tightly focused art movement whose practitioners faithfully borrow design elements from the grand schools of architecture, science and design and employ a strict philosophy where the physical form must be as equally impressive as the function.}}</ref> In this, it is like the [[Arts and Crafts Movement]]. But [[John Ruskin]], [[William Morris]], and the other reformers in the late nineteenth century rejected machines and industrial production. In contrast, steampunk enthusiasts present a "non-[[luddite]] critique of technology". In Dutch amusement park [[Efteling|De Efteling]], there is a dive coaster themed to a steampunk Victorian haunted goldmine called [[Baron 1898]].<ref>Catastrophone Orchestra and Arts Collective, [[iarchive:SteamPunk Magazine 1-printing/page/n5/mode/2up|"What, Then, is Steampunk? Colonizing the Past So We Can Dream the Future", SteamPunk Magazine 1]] (2006), p 4.</ref>

Various modern utilitarian objects have been modified by enthusiasts into a pseudo-Victorian mechanical "steampunk" style.<ref name=Braiker/><ref>{{cite news|title=Steam dream: Steampunk bursts through its subculture roots to challenge our musical, fashion, design, and even political sensibilities|first=Sharon|last=Steel|url=http://thephoenix.com//Boston/Life/61571-Steam-dream/|newspaper=[[The Boston Phoenix]]|date=May 19, 2008|access-date=September 27, 2008|archive-date=December 9, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209130942/http://thephoenix.com/Boston/Life/61571-Steam-dream|url-status=live}}</ref> Examples include [[computer keyboard]]s and [[electric guitar]]s.<ref name=Hart1>{{cite news|last=Hart|first=Hugh|date=December 1, 2011|title=Steampunk Contraptions Take Over Tattoo Studio|url=https://www.wired.com/underwire/2011/12/mobilis-in-mobili-steampunk/?pid=5507|magazine=Wired|access-date=December 5, 2011|archive-date=December 4, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111204190110/http://www.wired.com/underwire/2011/12/mobilis-in-mobili-steampunk/?pid=5507|url-status=live}}</ref> The goal of such redesigns is to employ appropriate materials (such as polished brass, iron, wood, and leather) with design elements and craftsmanship consistent with the Victorian era,<ref name=Bebergal/><ref>{{cite web|last=Farivar|first=Cyrus|publisher=[[National Public Radio]]|title=Steampunk Brings Victorian Flair to the 21st Century|date=February 6, 2008|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=18710895&sc=emaf|access-date=May 10, 2008|archive-date=January 8, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090108213153/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=18710895&sc=emaf|url-status=live}}</ref> rejecting the aesthetic of [[industrial design]].<ref name=hampton1/>

[[File:Arts-et-Métiers 11 (Paris métro) quai Châtelet par Cramos.JPG|thumb|right|Paris metro station "[[Arts et Métiers (Paris Métro)|Arts et Métiers]]", designed in 1994 to honor the works of Jules Verne]]
In 1994, the Paris Metro station at [[Arts et Métiers (Paris Métro)|Arts et Métiers]] was redesigned by Belgian artist [[Francois Schuiten]] in steampunk style, to honor the works of Jules Verne. The station is reminiscent of a submarine, sheathed in brass with giant cogs in the ceiling and [[porthole]]s that look out onto fanciful scenes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.raileurope.com/blog/12073-paris-metro-art-et-metiers|title=Paris Metro Travel: Full Steam(punk) Ahead at Arts et Métiers|author=Jackie|publisher=Rail Europe|date=October 17, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407085254/http://www.raileurope.com/blog/12073-paris-metro-art-et-metiers|archive-date=April 7, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ontheluce.com/2011/11/07/in-pictures-arts-et-metiers-metro/|title=In pictures: Paris' steampunk Arts et Métiers Metro station|last1=Dodsworth|first1=Lucy|publisher=On The Luce|date=November 7, 2011|access-date=April 6, 2014|archive-date=March 23, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323074335/http://ontheluce.com/2011/11/07/in-pictures-arts-et-metiers-metro/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The artist group ''Kinetic Steam Works''<ref>{{cite news|last=Hartwell|first=Lane|title=Best of Burning Man: Fire Dancers, Steampunk Tree House and More|date=September 8, 2007|url=http://www.kineticsteamworks.org/|access-date=January 5, 2011|magazine=Wired|quote="Kinetic Steam Works' Case traction engine Hortense glows on the playa. The art vehicle was named in honor of the artist and mother of Cal Tinkham, the steam enthusiast and railroad engineer who originally restored the engine."|archive-date=January 17, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117033021/http://kineticsteamworks.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> brought a working steam engine to the [[Burning Man]] festival in 2006 and 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://galleries.burningman.com/photos/tristan/tristan.30621|title=Kinetic Steam Works' Case traction engine ''Hortense''|year=2007|first=Tristan "Loupiote"|last=Savatier|access-date=2010-11-12|archive-date=2012-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205140105/http://galleries.burningman.com/photos/tristan/tristan.30621|url-status=dead}}</ref> The group's founding member, Sean Orlando, created a Steampunk Tree House (in association with a group of people who would later form the ''Five Ton Crane Arts Group''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fivetoncrane.org/|title=Five Ton Crane|publisher=Fivetoncrane.org|year=2010|access-date=Aug 6, 2014|archive-date=February 7, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207212422/http://fivetoncrane.org/|url-status=live}}</ref>) that has been displayed at a number of festivals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tv.boingboing.net/2008/01/24/steampunk-tree-house.html|title=Steampunk Tree House|publisher=[[Boing Boing]] TV|date=24 January 2008|first=Xeni|last=Jardin|author-link=Xeni Jardin|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101209233826/http://tv.boingboing.net/2008/01/24/steampunk-tree-house.html|archive-date=December 9, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Orlando|first=Sean|title=Steampunk Tree House|date=2007–2008|url=http://www.steamtreehouse.com/|access-date=May 10, 2008|archive-date=February 24, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224131355/http://www.steamtreehouse.com/|url-status=live}}</ref> The Steampunk Tree House is now permanently installed at the [[Dogfish Head Brewery]] in [[Milton, Delaware]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dogfish.com/community/news/press-releases/steampunk-treehouse-finds-home-at-dogfish.htm|title=Steampunk Treehouse Finds Home At Dogfish|publisher=Dogfish Head Craft Brewery|date=21 June 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625015204/http://www.dogfish.com/community/news/press-releases/steampunk-treehouse-finds-home-at-dogfish.htm|archive-date=25 June 2010}}</ref>

[[The Neverwas Haul]] is a three-story, self-propelled mobile art vehicle built to resemble a Victorian house on wheels. Designed by Shannon O'Hare, it was built by volunteers in 2006 and presented at the Burning Man festival from 2006 through 2015.<ref>{{cite web|title=Maker Faire: The Neverwas Haul|url=http://makezine.com/2007/04/18/maker-faire-the-neverwas/|website=Make: DIY Projects, How-Tos, Electronics, Crafts and Ideas for Makers|access-date=Nov 19, 2015|archive-date=November 19, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119194043/http://makezine.com/2007/04/18/maker-faire-the-neverwas/|url-status=live}}</ref> When fully built, the Haul propelled itself at a top speed of 5 miles per hour and required a crew of ten people to operate safely. Currently, the Neverwas Haul makes her home at Obtainium Works, an "[[art car]] factory" in [[Vallejo, CA]] owned by O'Hare and home to several other self-styled "contraptionists".<ref>{{cite web|title=Crew|url=http://www.obtainiumworks.net/crew-2/|website=Obtainium Works|access-date=Nov 19, 2015|archive-date=November 19, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119224732/http://www.obtainiumworks.net/crew-2/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In May–June 2008, multimedia artist and sculptor [[Paul St George]] exhibited outdoor interactive video installations linking London and [[Brooklyn]], New York, in a Victorian era-styled [[telectroscope]].<ref>{{cite news|first=Melena|last=Ryzik|title=Telescope Takes a Long View, to London|date=May 21, 2008|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/21/arts/design/21tele.html|access-date=August 5, 2008|archive-date=April 2, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090402190736/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/21/arts/design/21tele.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Tonight I'm gonna party like it's 1899|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/oct/17/popandrock2|newspaper=The Guardian|date=October 17, 2008|first=Caroline|last=Sullivan|access-date=October 17, 2008|location=London|archive-date=November 4, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104102052/http://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/oct/17/popandrock2|url-status=live}}</ref> Utilizing this device, New York promoter Evelyn Kriete organised a transatlantic wave between steampunk enthusiasts from both cities,<ref>{{cite web|last=PH|first=Julie|title=Testing the Telectroscope|url=http://londonist.com/2008/06/testing_the_tel.php|publisher=Londonist|date=June 5, 2008|access-date=1 August 2012|archive-date=26 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130126064014/http://londonist.com/2008/06/testing_the_tel.php|url-status=live}}</ref> prior to [[White Mischief (festival)|White Mischief's]] ''[[Around the World in 80 Days]]'' steampunk-themed event.<ref>{{cite web|title=Telectroscope Merged Topic Threads|url=http://brassgoggles.co.uk/forum/index.php?topic=9166.35;wap2|publisher=Brass Goggles|access-date=1 August 2012|archive-date=26 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130126070745/http://brassgoggles.co.uk/forum/index.php?topic=9166.35;wap2|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Clockwork universe by Tim Wetherell.jpg|thumb|upright|Tim Wetherell's ''clockwork universe'' sculpture at [[Questacon]], Canberra, Australia (September 24, 2009)]]

In 2009, for [[Questacon]], artist Tim Wetherell created a large wall piece that represented the concept of the [[clockwork universe]]. This steel artwork contains moving gears, a working clock, and a movie of the moon's terminator in action. The 3D moon movie was created by Antony Williams.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wetherell|first1=Tim|title=Clockwork Universe|url=http://www.wetherellart.co.uk/pages/sculpture_clockwork.html|website=Tim Wetherell|access-date=8 December 2017|archive-date=8 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171208003446/http://www.wetherellart.co.uk/pages/sculpture_clockwork.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Steampunk became a common descriptor for homemade objects sold on the craft network [[Etsy]] between 2009 and 2011,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Taddeo|first1=Julie Anne|last2=Miller|first2=Cynthia J.|title=Steaming into a Victorian future : a steampunk anthology|year=2013|publisher=Lanham, Md. : Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-8586-8|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/version/183386586|access-date=2019-01-24|archive-date=2020-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807082411/https://trove.nla.gov.au/version/183386586|url-status=live}}</ref> though many of the objects and fashions bear little resemblance to earlier established descriptions of steampunk. Thus the craft network may not strike observers as "sufficiently steampunk" to warrant its use of the term. Comedian [[April Winchell]], author of the book ''Regretsy: Where DIY Meets WTF'', cataloged some of the most egregious and humorous examples on her website "Regretsy".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.regretsy.com/category/not-remotely-steampunk/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120908060752/http://www.regretsy.com/category/not-remotely-steampunk/|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 8, 2012|title=Not Remotely Steampunk|publisher=Regretsy|access-date=Aug 26, 2011}}</ref> The blog was popular among steampunks and even inspired a music video that went viral in the community and was acclaimed by steampunk "notables".<ref>{{cite web|title=Just Glue Some Gears On It (And Call It Steampunk)|author=Pikedevant|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TFCuE5rHbPA |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/TFCuE5rHbPA| archive-date=2021-12-11 |url-status=live|publisher=Youtube|date=Nov 29, 2011|quote=From the video's comments: 'This is Datamancer, the steampunk keyboard guy, and I approve of this video wholeheartedly. In fact, we make this joke at the workshop almost daily. "I can't figure out how to finish off this edge". "Just glue some gears to it and call it done" haha. Well-made song and video.' – Datamancer. 'Glad to see a new contender for the chap-hop crown, and such a relevant message. I love it!' – Unwoman. 'Professor Elemental here, Just wanted to give this my most hearty applause. A fine, fine song by a true gentleman.'|access-date=December 4, 2011}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

From October 2009 through February 2010, the [[Museum of the History of Science, Oxford]], hosted the first major exhibition of steampunk art objects, curated and developed by New York artist and designer Art Donovan,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/oxford/hi/people_and_places/arts_and_culture/newsid_8325000/8325994.stm|title=The Steampunk movement in Oxford|work=[[BBC News]]|date=Oct 26, 2009|access-date=Apr 12, 2016|archive-date=April 10, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410185509/http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/oxford/hi/people_and_places/arts_and_culture/newsid_8325000/8325994.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> who also exhibited his own "electro-futuristic" lighting sculptures, and presented by Dr. Jim Bennett, museum director.<ref>{{cite web|title=Steampunk|quote=Imagine the technology of today with the aesthetic of Victorian science.|url=http://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/steampunk/|publisher=[[Museum of the History of Science, Oxford]]|access-date=2009-08-28|archive-date=2009-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831105940/http://www.mhs.ox.ac.uk/steampunk/|url-status=live}}</ref> From redesigned practical items to fantastical contraptions, this exhibition showcased the work of eighteen steampunk artists from around the globe. The exhibit proved to be the most successful and highly attended in the museum's history and attracted more than eighty thousand visitors. The event was detailed in the official artist's journal ''The Art of Steampunk'', by curator Donovan.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8376028.stm|title=Tech Know: Fast forward to the past|first=Mark|last=Ward|work=BBC News|date=November 30, 2009|access-date=November 30, 2009|archive-date=December 3, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203044804/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8376028.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>

In November 2010, [[The Libratory]] Steampunk Art Gallery was opened by Damien McNamara in [[Oamaru|Oamaru, New Zealand]]. Created from papier-mâché to resemble a large cave and filled with industrial equipment from yesteryear, [[raygun]]s, and general steampunk quirks, its purpose is to provide a place for steampunkers in the region to display artwork for sale all year long. A year later, a more permanent gallery, [[Steampunk HQ]], was opened in the former Meeks Grain Elevator Building across the road from The Woolstore, and has since become a notable tourist attraction for Oamaru.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newzealand.com/travel/media/press-releases/2012/9/tourism-news_lonely-planet-new-zealand-2012.cfm|title=Lonely Planet launches latest New Zealand guide (2012, Steampunk HQ one of author's top 12 recommendations)|publisher=New Zealand Government official tourism website|access-date=Mar 21, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114015359/http://www.newzealand.com/travel/media/press-releases/2012/9/tourism-news_lonely-planet-new-zealand-2012.cfm|archive-date=November 14, 2012}}</ref><ref>"[https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/ninetonoon/audio/201822049/oamaru-steampunk-capital-of-the-world Oamaru - steampunk capital of the world] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111055226/https://www.rnz.co.nz/national/programmes/ninetonoon/audio/201822049/oamaru-steampunk-capital-of-the-world |date=2022-01-11 }}", ''[[Radio New Zealand]]'', 1 November 2016. Retrieved 11 January 2022.</ref><ref>Roy, E. A., "[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/30/new-zealand-town-oamaru-steampunk-capital-of-the-world How an ordinary New Zealand town became steampunk capital of the world] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111055219/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/30/new-zealand-town-oamaru-steampunk-capital-of-the-world |date=2022-01-11 }}", ''[[The Guardian]]'', 30 August 2016. Retrieved 11 January 2022.</ref>

===Fashion===
{{main|Steampunk fashion}}
{{Unreliable sources|section|date=November 2020}}
[[File:Steampunk-falksen.jpg|upright|thumb|Author [[G. D. Falksen]], wearing a steampunk-styled arm prosthesis (created by [[Thomas Willeford]]), exemplifying one take on steampunk fashion]]

Steampunk fashion has no set guidelines but tends to synthesize modern styles with influences from the Victorian era. Such influences may include [[bustle]]s, [[corset]]s, gowns, and [[petticoat]]s; suits with [[waistcoat]]s, coats, [[top hat]]s<ref>{{cite book|last1=Campbell|first1=Jean|title=Steampunk Style Jewelry: A Maker's Collection of Victorian, Fantasy, and Mechanical Designs|date=2009|publisher=[[Creative Publishing International]]|location=Minneapolis, Minnesota|isbn=978-1-58923-475-8|page=58}}</ref> and [[bowler hat]]s (themselves originating in 1850 England), [[tailcoat]]s and [[Spat (footwear)|spats]]; or military-inspired garments. Steampunk-influenced outfits are usually accented with several technological and "period" accessories: timepieces, [[parasol]]s, flying/driving goggles,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://theurbancrew.com/blogs/fashion-trends/steampunk-sunglasses|title=Steampunk Sunglasses – All you need to know!|work=The Urban Crew|access-date=Jul 19, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170902004844/https://theurbancrew.com/blogs/fashion-trends/steampunk-sunglasses|archive-date=September 2, 2017}}</ref> and ray guns. Modern accessories like cell phones or music players can be found in steampunk outfits, after being modified to give them the appearance of Victorian-era objects. [[Post-apocalyptic]] elements, such as gas masks, ragged clothing, and tribal motifs, can also be included. Aspects of steampunk fashion have been anticipated by mainstream high fashion, the [[Lolita fashion|Lolita]] and [[aristocrat (fashion)|aristocrat]] styles, neo-Victorianism, and the [[Goth (subculture)|Romantic Goth subculture]].<ref name="La Ferla"/><ref name=Poeter>{{cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/07/06/LVL211GOO2.DTL|title=Steampunk's subculture revealed|newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle|date=July 6, 2008|author=Damon Poeter|access-date=September 8, 2008|archive-date=July 30, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080730235507/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2008%2F07%2F06%2FLVL211GOO2.DTL|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Rowe>{{cite web|title=What Is Steampunk? A Subculture Infiltrating Films, Music, Fashion, More|first=Andrew Ross|last=Rowe|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1595812/20080929/index.jhtml|publisher=MTV|date=September 29, 2008|access-date=October 14, 2008|archive-date=February 11, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211231722/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1595812/steampunk-subculture-looks-poised-move-above-ground.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2005, [[Kate Lambert]], known as "Kato", founded the first steampunk clothing company, "Steampunk Couture",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://steampunkjournal.org/2014/02/20/steampunk-couture/|title=Company Spotlight: Steampunk Couture|publisher=Steampunk Journal|date=Feb 20, 2014|access-date=Apr 11, 2014|archive-date=April 7, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407092026/http://steampunkjournal.org/2014/02/20/steampunk-couture/|url-status=usurped}}</ref> mixing Victorian and post-apocalyptic influences. In 2013, [[IBM]] predicted, based on an analysis of more than a half million public posts on message boards, blogs, social media sites, and news sources, "that 'steampunk,' a subgenre inspired by the clothing, technology and social mores of Victorian society, will be a major trend to bubble up and take hold of the retail industry".<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/40120.wss|title=IBM Social Sentiment Index Predicts New Retail Trend in the Making|publisher=IBM|last=Dahncke|first=Pasha Ray|access-date=18 February 2013|archive-date=7 February 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130207043425/http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/40120.wss|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Time>{{cite news|url=https://style.time.com/2013/01/17/will-steampunk-really-be-the-next-big-fashion-trend/|title=Will Steampunk Really Be the Next Big Fashion Trend?|magazine=Time|date=Jan 17, 2013|last=Skarda|first=Erin|access-date=Feb 18, 2013|archive-date=March 7, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307120643/http://style.time.com/2013/01/17/will-steampunk-really-be-the-next-big-fashion-trend/|url-status=live}}</ref> Indeed, high fashion lines such as [[Prada]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tor.com/blogs/2013/11/sci-fi-actors-wearing-steampunk-clothes-designed-by-prada|title=Sci-Fi Actors Wearing Steampunk Clothes Designed by Prada|date=June 25, 2012|author=Stubby the Rocket|access-date=Mar 28, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211111549/http://www.tor.com/blogs/2013/11/sci-fi-actors-wearing-steampunk-clothes-designed-by-prada|archive-date=December 11, 2013}}</ref> [[Dolce & Gabbana]], [[Versace]], [[Chanel]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://steampunkworkshop.com/steampunk-couture-hot-runway-and-were-not-talking-airships|title=Steampunk Couture Hot on the Runway (and We're Not Talking Airships)|publisher=Steampunk Workshop|date=Mar 6, 2013|author=Cicatrix13|access-date=March 29, 2014|archive-date=March 29, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329155404/http://steampunkworkshop.com/steampunk-couture-hot-runway-and-were-not-talking-airships|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Christian Dior]]<ref name=Time/> had already been introducing steampunk styles on the fashion runways.

In episode 7 of [[Lifetime (TV network)|Lifetime]]'s ''[[Under the Gunn]]'' [[Reality television|reality series]], contestants were challenged to create [[avant-garde]] "steampunk chic" looks.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.threadsmagazine.com/item/35702/under-the-gunn-episode-7-steampunk-chic/page/all|title=Under the Gunn, Episode 7: "Steampunk Chic"|publisher=Threads Magazine|date=Mar 6, 2014|access-date=March 29, 2014|archive-date=March 29, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329155702/https://www.threadsmagazine.com/item/35702/under-the-gunn-episode-7-steampunk-chic/page/all|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[America's Next Top Model]]'' tackled steampunk fashion in a 2012 episode where models competed in a steampunk-themed photo shoot, posing in front of a steam train while holding a live owl.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lacedandwaisted.blogspot.com/2012/09/americas-next-top-model-goes-steampunk.html|title=America's Next Top Model goes STEAMPUNK|publisher=LacedAndWaisted|date=September 30, 2012|access-date=September 14, 2015|archive-date=October 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016034838/http://lacedandwaisted.blogspot.com/2012/09/americas-next-top-model-goes-steampunk.html|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Unreliable source?|sure=yes|reason=Source is a blog.|date=December 2017}}

===Literature===
[[File:Amazing Stories 1927 08.jpg|thumb|left|The August 1927 issue of ''[[Amazing Stories]]'' featuring work by [[H. G. Wells]] ]]

In 1988, the first version of the science fiction [[tabletop role-playing game]] ''[[Space: 1889]]'' was published. The game is set in an [[alternate history|alternative history]] in which certain now discredited Victorian scientific theories were probable and led to new technologies. Contributing authors included [[Frank Chadwick]], [[Loren Wiseman]], and [[Marcus Rowland (author)|Marcus Rowland]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.heliograph.com/space1889|title=Heliograph's Space 1889 Resource Site|publisher=Heliograph, Inc.|date=Jun 30, 2010|access-date=Nov 29, 2010|archive-date=November 23, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123092802/http://heliograph.com/space1889/|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[William Gibson]] and [[Bruce Sterling]]'s novel ''[[The Difference Engine]]'' (1990) is often credited with bringing about widespread awareness of steampunk.<ref name=Grossman/><ref>{{cite journal|last=Csicsery-Ronay|first=Istvan|title=Istvan Csicsery-Ronay, Jr. {{!}} The Critic|journal=Science Fiction Studies|issue=#71; Volume 24, Part 1|publisher=SF-TH Inc.|location=DePauw University, Greencastle Indiana|date=March 1997|url=http://www.depauw.edu/sfs/reviews_pages/r71.htm|access-date=Nov 29, 2010|archive-date=March 20, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090320180812/http://www.depauw.edu/sfs/reviews_pages/r71.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The novel applies the principles of Gibson and Sterling's [[cyberpunk]] writings to an alternative Victorian era where [[Ada Lovelace]] and [[Charles Babbage]]'s proposed steam-powered mechanical computer, which Babbage called a [[difference engine]] (a later, more general-purpose version was known as an [[Analytical Engine]]), was actually built, and led to the dawn of the [[Information Age]] more than a century "ahead of schedule". This setting was different from most steampunk settings in that it takes a dim and dark view of this future, rather than the more prevalent [[utopia]]n versions.{{cn|date=April 2024}}

[[Nick Gevers]]'s original anthology ''Extraordinary Engines'' (2008) features newer steampunk stories by some of the genre's writers, as well as other science fiction and fantasy writers experimenting with neo-Victorian conventions. A retrospective reprint anthology of steampunk fiction was released, also in 2008, by [[Tachyon Publications]]. Edited by [[Ann VanderMeer|Ann]] and [[Jeff VanderMeer]] and appropriately entitled ''[[Steampunk (anthology)|Steampunk]]'', it is a collection of stories by [[James Blaylock]], whose "Narbondo" trilogy is typically considered steampunk; [[Jay Lake]], author of the novel ''[[Mainspring (novel)|Mainspring]]'', sometimes labeled "[[clockpunk]]";<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boingboing.net/2007/07/08/jay-lakes-mainspring.html|title=Jay Lake's "Mainspring:" Clockpunk adventure|date=July 8, 2007|author=Doctorow, Cory|access-date=May 10, 2008|archive-date=April 22, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422172738/http://www.boingboing.net/2007/07/08/jay-lakes-mainspring.html|url-status=live}}</ref> the aforementioned Michael Moorcock; as well as [[Jess Nevins]], known for his annotations to ''[[The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen]]'' (first published in 1999).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Liddo |first=Annalisa Di |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8wCbEM6obkQC&dq=Jess+Nevins+annotations+League+of+Extraordinary+Gentlemen&pg=PA36 |title=Alan Moore: Comics as Performance, Fiction as Scalpel |date=2010-01-06 |publisher=Univ. Press of Mississippi |isbn=978-1-60473-476-8 |language=en}}</ref>

Younger readers have also been targeted by steampunk themes, by authors such as [[Philip Reeve]] and [[Scott Westerfeld]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/childrens-books-site/2013/feb/28/sharon-gosling-top-10-childrens-steampunk-books|title=Sharon Gosling's top 10 children's steampunk books|newspaper=The Guardian|date=February 28, 2013|first=Sharon|last=Gosling|access-date=December 13, 2016|archive-date=September 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160917065038/https://www.theguardian.com/childrens-books-site/2013/feb/28/sharon-gosling-top-10-childrens-steampunk-books|url-status=live}}</ref> Reeve's quartet ''[[Mortal Engines]]'' is set far in Earth's future where giant moving cities consume each other in a battle for resources, a concept Reeve coined as ''Municipal Darwinism''. Westerfeld's ''[[Leviathan (Westerfeld novel)|Leviathan]]'' trilogy is set during an alternate [[World War I|First World War]] fought between the "clankers" ([[Central Powers]]), who use steam technology, and "darwinists" ([[Allied powers of World War I|Allied Powers]]), who use genetically engineered creatures instead of machines.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%209.pdf|title=Adventures at Armageddon; Review; Leviathan|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|issue=9|pages=10–11|date=November 2009|first=Alasdair|last=Czyrnyj|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728124050/https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%209.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

"Mash-ups" are also becoming increasingly popular in books aimed at younger readers, mixing steampunk with other genres. [[Stefan Bachmann]]'s ''[[The Peculiar (novel)|The Peculiar]]'' duology was labeled a "steampunk fairytale," and imagines steampunk technology as a means to stave off an incursion of [[faeries]] in Victorian England.<ref>{{cite web |last=Carpenter |first=Susan |date=2012-09-23 |title=Not Just For Kids: 'The Peculiar' by Stefan Bachmann is a fantastical tale |url=https://www.latimes.com/books/la-ca-stefan-bachmann-20120923-story.html |access-date=2022-10-27 |website=Los Angeles Times |archive-date=2022-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221027083124/https://www.latimes.com/books/la-ca-stefan-bachmann-20120923-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Suzanne Lazear's ''Aether Chronicles'' series also mixes steampunk with faeries, and ''The Unnaturalists'', by Tiffany Trent, combines steampunk with mythological creatures and alternate history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/childrens/childrens-book-news/article/54166-what-s-new-in-ya-mashups.html|title=What's New in YA? Mashups|publisher=PublishersWeekly.com|date=Sep 28, 2012|last=Corbett|first=Sue|access-date=Apr 12, 2016|archive-date=October 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026003218/http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/childrens/childrens-book-news/article/54166-what-s-new-in-ya-mashups.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Self-described author of "far-fetched fiction" [[Robert Rankin]] has incorporated elements of steampunk into narrative worlds that are both Victorian and re-imagined contemporary. In 2009, he was made a Fellow of the Victorian Steampunk Society.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfx.co.uk/2011/11/27/meet-the-victorian-steampunk-society/|title=Meet the Victorian Steampunk Society|publisher=SFX News|date=November 27, 2011|access-date=January 5, 2011|archive-date=December 1, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111201013538/http://www.sfx.co.uk/2011/11/27/meet-the-victorian-steampunk-society/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[comic book]] series ''[[Hellboy]]'', created by [[Mike Mignola]], and the two ''[[Hellboy]]'' films featuring [[Ron Perlman]] and directed by [[Guillermo del Toro]], all have steampunk elements.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://io9.gizmodo.com/that-time-hellboy-got-steampunk-added-to-the-dictiona-1578661997|title=That Time Hellboy Got "Steampunk" Added To The Dictionary|publisher=Gizmodo|date=May 19, 2014|last=Misra|first=Ria|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728100003/https://io9.gizmodo.com/that-time-hellboy-got-steampunk-added-to-the-dictiona-1578661997|url-status=live}}</ref> In the comic book and the [[Hellboy (2004 film)|first (2004) film]], [[Karl Ruprecht Kroenen]] is a [[Nazi SS]] scientist who has an addiction to having himself surgically altered, and who has many mechanical prostheses, including a clockwork heart. The character [[Johann Krauss]] is featured in the comic and in the second film, ''[[Hellboy II: The Golden Army]]'' (2008), as an [[Ectoplasm (paranormal)|ectoplasmic medium]] (a gaseous form in a partly mechanical suit). This second film also features the [[Golden Army]] itself, which is a collection of 4,900 mechanical steampunk warriors.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Morehead |first=John W. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4kq7CQAAQBAJ&dq=Hellboy+II+4900&pg=PA98 |title=The Supernatural Cinema of Guillermo del Toro: Critical Essays |date=2015-05-23 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=978-1-4766-2075-6 |language=en}}</ref>

===Steampunk settings===

====Alternative world====
[[File:SteampunkProp(byMollyPorkshanksFriedrich).jpg|thumb|Steampunk-style composite apparatus]]

Since the 1990s, the application of the steampunk label has expanded beyond works set in recognisable historical periods, to works set in fantasy worlds that rely heavily on steam- or spring-powered technology.<ref name=Grossman/> One of the earliest short stories relying on steam-powered flying machines is "The Aerial Burglar" of 1844.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Barger|first1=Andrew|title=Mesaerion: The Best Science Fiction Short Stories 1800–1849|date=2013|publisher=Bottletree Books Llc|isbn=978-1-933747-49-1|page=31}}</ref> An example from juvenile fiction is ''[[The Edge Chronicles]]'' by Paul Stewart and [[Chris Riddell]].

Fantasy steampunk settings abound in [[tabletop role-playing game|tabletop]] and [[Role-playing video game|computer role-playing games]]. Notable examples include ''[[Skies of Arcadia]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rpg.net/reviews/archive/9/9134.phtml|title=Skies of Arcadia review on RPGnet|publisher=RPG.net|access-date=September 8, 2009|archive-date=March 23, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090323052846/http://www.rpg.net/reviews/archive/9/9134.phtml|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Rise of Nations: Rise of Legends]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailygame.net/news/archives/005141.php|title=Rise of legends as steampunk video game|publisher=Dailygame.net|access-date=September 8, 2009|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217160302/http://dailygame.net/news/archives/005141.php|archive-date=February 17, 2009}}</ref> and ''[[Arcanum: Of Steamworks and Magick Obscura]]''.<ref name="HSW Steampunk"/>

One of the first steampunk novels set in a [[Middle-earth]]-like world was the ''[[Forest of Boland Light Railway]]'' by [[BB (author)|BB]], about [[gnome]]s who build a [[steam locomotive]]. Fifty years later, [[Terry Pratchett]] wrote the [[Discworld]] novel ''[[Raising Steam]],'' about the ongoing [[industrial revolution]] and [[railway mania]] in [[Ankh-Morpork]].

The gnomes and goblins in ''[[World of Warcraft]]'' also have technological societies that could be described as steampunk,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tentonhammer.com/wow/lore/steampunk-paradise|title=WoW: Loremaster's Corner #5: A Steampunk Paradise|publisher=Ten Ton Hammer|date=March 9, 2010|author=Xerin|quote=World of Warcraft is almost a steampunk paradise if you look at the various technological advancements the gnomes have made. Most engines are powered by steam and there are giant airships floating around everywhere.|access-date=May 30, 2010|archive-date=July 15, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715110527/http://www.tentonhammer.com/wow/lore/steampunk-paradise|url-status=live}}</ref> as they are vastly ahead of the technologies of [[human|men]], but still run on steam and mechanical power.

The Dwarves of the [[The Elder Scrolls|''Elder Scrolls'' series]], described therein as a race of Elves called the [[Dwemer]], also use steam-powered machinery, with gigantic brass-like gears, throughout their underground cities. However, magical means are used to keep ancient devices in motion despite the Dwemer's ancient disappearance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Dwemer_Animunculi|title=Lore:Dwemer Animunculi – The Unofficial Elder Scrolls Pages|publisher=UESP|date=Apr 24, 2017|access-date=Jun 5, 2017|archive-date=November 28, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128215429/http://www.uesp.net/wiki/Lore:Dwemer_Animunculi|url-status=live}}</ref>

The 1998 game ''[[Thief: The Dark Project]]'', as well as the other sequels including its [[Thief (2014 video game)|2014 reboot]], feature heavy steampunk-inspired architecture, setting, and technology.

Amidst the historical and fantasy subgenres of steampunk is a type that takes place in a hypothetical future or a fantasy equivalent of our future involving the domination of steampunk-style technology and aesthetics. Examples include [[Jean-Pierre Jeunet]] and [[Marc Caro]]'s ''[[The City of Lost Children]]'' (1995), ''[[Turn A Gundam]]'' (1999–2000), ''[[Trigun]]'',<ref name="Neo Steam"/> and [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney's]] film ''[[Treasure Planet]]'' (2002). In 2011, musician [[Thomas Dolby]] heralded his return to music after a 20-year hiatus with an online steampunk alternate fantasy world called the Floating City, to promote his album ''[[A Map of the Floating City]]''.<ref name="HSW Steampunk"/>

====American West====
Another setting is [[Steampunk Western|"Western" steampunk]], which overlaps with both the [[weird West]] and [[science fiction Western]] subgenres. One of the earliest steampunk books set in America was ''[[The Steam Man of the Prairies]]'' by [[Edward S. Ellis]]. Recent examples include the TV show ''[[The Wild Wild West]]'' and the movie adaption ''[[Wild Wild West]]'', the [[Italian comics]] about [[Magico Vento]],<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%2016.pdf|title=Magico Vento|first=Lorenzo|last=Davia|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|issue=16|date=January 2011|page=17|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728091930/https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%2016.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Devon Monk]]'s ''Dead Iron.''<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/2013/08/book-review-dead-iron-the-age-of-steam/|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|title=Dead Iron – Book Review|date=August 10, 2013|last=Kinkade|first=Scott|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728130143/https://neverwasmag.com/2013/08/book-review-dead-iron-the-age-of-steam/|url-status=live}}</ref>

====Fantasy and horror====
{{See also|Cyberpunk derivatives}}

[[Kaja Foglio]] introduced the term "Gaslamp Fantasy", for the series [[Girl Genius]].<ref name=VanderMeer/>{{rp|78}} Gaslamp fantasy, which [[John Clute]] and [[John Grant (author)|John Grant]] define as "steampunk stories ... most commonly set in a romanticised, smoky, 19th-century London, as are Gaslight Romances. But the latter category focuses nostalgically on icons from the late years of that century and the early years of the 20th century—on [[Dracula]], [[Jekyll and Hyde]], [[Jack the Ripper]], [[Sherlock Holmes]] and even [[Tarzan]]—and can normally be understood as combining supernatural fiction and [[recursive fantasy]], though some gaslight romances can be read as fantasies of history."<ref name="Encyclopedia of Fantasy">{{cite book|last1=Clute|first1=John|last2=Grant|first2=John|last3=Ashley|first3=Mike|last4=Hartwell|first4=David G.|last5=Westfahl|first5=Gary|title=The Encyclopedia of Fantasy|date=1999|publisher=St. Martin's Griffin|location=New York|isbn=978-0-312-19869-5|pages=895–896|edition=1st|quote=STEAMPUNK A term applied more to [[science fiction]] than to fantasy, though some tales described as steampunk do cross genres. ... Steampunk, on the other hand, can be best described as technofantasy that is based, sometimes quite remotely, upon technological [[anachronism]].}}</ref> Author/artist [[James Richardson-Brown]]<ref>{{cite news|work=The Chronicles|year=2008|volume=2|issue=9|page=10|title=Steampunk – What's That All About|last=Richardson-Brown|first=James}}</ref> coined the term ''steamgoth'' to refer to steampunk expressions of fantasy and [[horror fiction|horror]] with a "darker" bent.

====Post-apocalyptic====
[[Mary Shelley]]'s ''[[The Last Man (Mary Shelley novel)|The Last Man]]'', set near the end of the 21st century after a plague had brought down civilization, was probably the ancestor of post-apocalyptic steampunk literature. Post-apocalyptic steampunk is set in a world where some cataclysm has precipitated the fall of civilization and steam power is once again ascendant, such as in [[Hayao Miyazaki]]'s [[Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction|post-apocalyptic]] anime ''[[Future Boy Conan]]'' (1978, loosely based on [[Alexander Key]]'s ''[[The Incredible Tide]]'' (1970)),<ref name="Neo Steam">{{cite web|url=http://my.mmosite.com/1424882/blog/item/unprecedented_level_of_game_service_operation_from_steampunk_mmorpg_neo_steam.html|title=Unprecedented level of game service operation' from Steampunk MMORPG Neo Steam|date=June 29, 2008|access-date=January 24, 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819032506/http://my.mmosite.com/1424882/blog/item/unprecedented_level_of_game_service_operation_from_steampunk_mmorpg_neo_steam.html|archive-date=August 19, 2017}}</ref> where a war fought with superweapons has devastated the planet. [[Robert Brown (musician)|Robert Brown]]'s novel, ''The Wrath of Fate'' (as well as much of [[Abney Park (band)|Abney Park]]'s music) is set in a Victorianesque world where an apocalypse was set into motion by a time-traveling mishap. [[Cherie Priest]]'s [[Boneshaker (novel)|Boneshaker]] series is set in a world where a [[zombie apocalypse]] happened during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] era. ''[[The Peshawar Lancers]]'' by [[S.M. Stirling]] is set in a post-apocalyptic future in which a [[meteor shower]] in 1878 caused the collapse of industrialized civilization. The movie [[9 (2009 animated film)|9]] (which might be better classified as "stitchpunk" but was largely influenced by steampunk)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117940840.html?categoryid=31&cs=1|title=9 Review|magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|date=August 18, 2009|first=Todd|last=McCarthy|author-link=Todd McCarthy|access-date=November 19, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090823010822/http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117940840.html?categoryid=31&cs=1|archive-date=August 23, 2009}}</ref> is also set in a post-apocalyptic world after a self-aware war machine ran amok. ''[[Steampunk Magazine]]'' even published a book called ''A Steampunk's Guide to the Apocalypse'', about how steampunks could survive should such a thing actually happen.

====Victorian====
[[File:Nautilus_Neuville.JPG|thumb|upright|The ''Nautilus'' as imagined by Jules Verne]]
In general, this category includes any recent science fiction that takes place in a recognizable historical period (sometimes an [[alternate history]] version of an actual historical period) in which the [[Industrial Revolution]] has already begun, but [[electricity]] is not yet widespread, "usually Britain of the early to mid-nineteenth century or the fantasized [[Wild West]]-era United States",<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199838844.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199838844-e-42|chapter=Retrofuturism and Steampunk|last1=Latham|first1=Rob|last2=Guffey|first2=Elizabeth|last3=Lemay|first3=Kate C.|date=Nov 1, 2014|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199838844.013.0034|title=The Oxford Handbook of Science Fiction|isbn=978-0-19-983884-4|access-date=January 31, 2018|archive-date=January 31, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131201102/http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199838844.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199838844-e-42|url-status=live}}</ref> with an emphasis on steam- or spring-propelled gadgets. The most common historical steampunk settings are the [[Victorian era|Victorian]] and [[Edwardian era]]s, though some in this "Victorian steampunk"<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-15 |title=The Clockwork of Progress: The Victorian Era Unwound |url=https://infinitesteampunk.com/blogs/steampunk-blog/the-clockwork-of-progress-the-victorian-era-unwound |access-date=2024-08-13 |website=Infinite Steampunk |language=en}}</ref> category are set as early as the beginning of the [[Industrial Revolution]] and as late as the end of [[World War I]].

Some examples of this type include the novel ''[[The Difference Engine]]'',<ref>{{cite web|last=Hudson|first=Patrick|title=(Review of) The Difference Engine|url=http://www.zone-sf.com/difengine.html|access-date=February 13, 2009|publisher=Pigasus Press|work=The Zone|archive-date=November 20, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081120161845/http://www.zone-sf.com/difengine.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> the comic book series ''[[League of Extraordinary Gentlemen]]'', the Disney animated film ''[[Atlantis: The Lost Empire]]'',<ref name="HSW Steampunk"/> [[Scott Westerfeld]]'s [[Leviathan (Westerfeld novel)|''Leviathan'' trilogy]],<ref>School Library Journal,{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/leviathan00west_0|title=Laviathan|date=Oct 6, 2009|access-date=Aug 19, 2011|isbn=978-1-4169-7173-3|publisher=Simon Pulse|url-access=registration}}</ref> and the [[roleplaying game]] ''[[Space: 1889]].''<ref name="HSW Steampunk"/> The [[anime]] film ''[[Steamboy]]'' (2004) is another example of Victorian steampunk, taking place in an alternate 1866 where steam technology is far more advanced than reality.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/review/steamboy|title=Steamboy|last1=Bertschy|first1=Zac|work=Anime News Network|date=July 21, 2004|access-date=March 18, 2014|archive-date=April 15, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415180553/http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/review/steamboy|url-status=live}}</ref> Some, such as the comic series ''[[Girl Genius]]'',<ref name="HSW Steampunk"/> have their own unique times and places despite partaking heavily of the flavor of historic settings. Other comic series are set in a more familiar London, as in the ''[[Victorian Undead]]'', which has [[Sherlock Holmes]], [[Doctor Watson]], and others taking on zombies, [[Doctor Jekyll and Mister Hyde]], and [[Count Dracula]], with advanced weapons and devices. Another example of this genre is the ''[[Tunnels (novel)|Tunnels]]'' novels by [[Roderick Gordon]] and Brian Williams. These are set in the modern day, but with an underground Victorian world that is working to overthrow the world above. Detective [[graphic novel]] series [[Lady Mechanika]] is set in an alternative Victorian-like world.

[[Karel Zeman]]'s film ''[[The Fabulous World of Jules Verne]]'' (1958) is a very early example of cinematic steampunk. Based on [[Jules Verne]] novels, Zeman's film imagines a past that never was, based on those novels.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://locusmag.com/2004/Reviews/10_WaldropPerson_Verne.html|title=The Fabulous World of Jules Verne|publisher=[[Locus Online]]|date=October 13, 2004|last1=Waldrop|first1=Howard|last2=Person|first2=Lawrence|access-date=May 10, 2008|archive-date=May 11, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080511234309/http://www.locusmag.com/2004/Reviews/10_WaldropPerson_Verne.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Other early examples of historical steampunk in cinema include [[Hayao Miyazaki]]'s [[anime]] films such as ''[[Laputa: Castle in the Sky]]'' (1986) and ''[[Howl's Moving Castle (film)|Howl's Moving Castle]]'' (2004), which contain many archetypal anachronisms characteristic of the steampunk genre.<ref name=matronline>{{cite web|url=http://www.matrix-online.net/bsfa/website/matrixonline/Matrix_Features_3.aspx|title=The news and media magazine of the British Science Fiction Association|publisher=Matrix Online|date=June 30, 2008|access-date=February 13, 2009|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221090854/https://matrix-online.net/bsfa/website/matrixonline/Matrix_Features_3.aspx|archive-date=February 21, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.locusmag.com/2003/Reviews/Ward08_Miyazaki.html|title=Hayao Miyazaki: The Greatest Fantasy Director You Never Heard Of?|publisher=Locus Online|date=August 20, 2003|first=Cynthia|last=Ward|access-date=June 13, 2009|archive-date=August 7, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090807064942/http://www.locusmag.com/2003/Reviews/Ward08_Miyazaki.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

"Historical" steampunk usually leans more towards science fiction than fantasy, but a number of historical steampunk stories have incorporated magical elements as well. For example, ''Morlock Night'', written by [[K. W. Jeter]], revolves around an attempt by the wizard [[Merlin]] to raise [[King Arthur]] to save the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]] of 1892 from an invasion of [[Morlock]]s from the future.<ref name=Grossman/>

[[Paul Guinan]]'s ''[[Boilerplate (robot)|Boilerplate]]'', a "biography" of a robot in the late 19th century, began as a website that garnered international press coverage when people began believing that [[Adobe Photoshop|Photoshop]] images of the robot with historic personages were real.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/020826/archive_022363_5.htm|title=Gotcha!|page=39|newspaper=U.S. News & World Report|date=September 3, 2002|last=Hayden|first=Tom|access-date=January 5, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051216170108/http://www.usnews.com/usnews/culture/articles/020826/archive_022363_5.htm|archive-date=December 16, 2005}}</ref> The site was adapted into the illustrated hardbound book ''Boilerplate: History's Mechanical Marvel'', which was published by [[Abrams Books|Abrams]] in October 2009.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KRtKPgAACAAJ|last1=Guinan|first1=Paul|author-link1=Paul Guinan|last2=Bennett|first2=Anina|author-link2=Anina Bennett|year=2012|title=Boilerplate: History's Mechanical Marvel|publisher=[[Abrams Books]]|isbn=978-0-8109-8950-4}}</ref> Because the story was not set in an alternative history, and in fact contained accurate information about the Victorian era,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omnivoracious.com/2009/04/a-preview-of-boilerplate-historys-mechanical-marvel.html|title=A Preview of Boilerplate: History's Mechanical Marvel|publisher=Omnivoracious|date=Apr 29, 2009|access-date=Mar 17, 2011|archive-date=August 22, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110822034645/http://www.omnivoracious.com/2009/04/a-preview-of-boilerplate-historys-mechanical-marvel.html|url-status=live}}</ref> some{{Specify|date=January 2012}} booksellers referred to the tome as "historical steampunk".

====East Asia====
Fictional settings inspired by East Asian rather than European history, especially those inspired by [[History of China|Chinese history]], have been called "silkpunk". The term originated with the author [[Ken Liu]],<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Clements |first=Jonathan |author-link=Jonathan Clements |date=September 12, 2022 |title=Liu, Ken |url=https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/liu_ken |editor1-last=Clute |editor1-first=John |editor1-link=John Clute |editor2-last=Langford |editor2-first=David |editor2-link=David Langford |encyclopedia=[[The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction]] |edition=4th |access-date=October 20, 2022 |archive-date=October 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012190116/https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/liu_ken |url-status=live }}</ref> who defined it as "a blend of science fiction and fantasy [that] draws inspiration from classical [[East Asian]] antiquity", with a "technology vocabulary (...) based on organic materials historically important to East Asia (bamboo, paper, silk) and seafaring cultures of the Pacific (coconut, feathers, coral)", rather than the brass and leather associated with steampunk. Liu used the term to describe his ''Dandelion Dynasty'' series, which began in 2015.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Misra|first1=Ria|title=Author Ken Liu Explains "Silkpunk" to Us|url=https://io9.gizmodo.com/author-ken-liu-explains-silkpunk-to-us-1717812714|access-date=20 February 2018|work=[[io9]]|date=4 July 2015|archive-date=9 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109064416/https://io9.gizmodo.com/author-ken-liu-explains-silkpunk-to-us-1717812714|url-status=live}}</ref> Other works described as silkpunk include [[Neon Yang]]'s ''[[Tensorate]]'' series of novellas, which began in 2017.<ref>{{cite news|title=J.Y. Yang's two novellas are like rojak, a surprisingly delicious blend of unexpected flavours|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/arts/fantastical-world-rooted-in-the-east|access-date=20 February 2018|work=The Straits Times|date=26 September 2017|language=en|archive-date=6 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230306235336/http://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/arts/fantastical-world-rooted-in-the-east|url-status=live}}</ref> Lyndsie Manusos of [[Book Riot]] has argued that the genre does "not fit in a direct analogy with steampunk. Silkpunk is technology and poetics. It is engineering and language."<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://bookriot.com/what-is-silkpunk/|title = Silkpunk: What It is and What It Definitely is Not|date = 4 August 2021|access-date = 7 August 2021|archive-date = 7 August 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210807123855/https://bookriot.com/what-is-silkpunk/|url-status = live}}</ref>

===Music===
[[File:Robert Brown and Finn Von Claret of Abney Park 2008.jpg|thumb|Robert Brown and Finn Von Claret from Abney Park]]

Steampunk music is very broadly defined. [[Abney Park (band)|Abney Park]]'s lead singer [[Robert Brown (musician)|Robert Brown]] defined it as "mixing Victorian elements and modern elements". There is a broad range of musical influences that make up the steampunk sound, from [[industrial dance]] and [[world music]]<ref name=Rowe/> to [[folk rock]], [[dark cabaret]] to straightforward [[punk rock|punk]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/album-the-men-that-will-not-be-blamed-for-nothing-this-may-be-the-reason-leather-apron-7554544.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220524/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/album-the-men-that-will-not-be-blamed-for-nothing-this-may-be-the-reason-leather-apron-7554544.html |archive-date=2022-05-24 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Album: The Men That Will Not Be Blamed for Nothing, This May Be the Reason (Leather Apron) – Reviews – Music|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=Mar 11, 2012|author=Simon Price|access-date=Aug 6, 2014}}</ref> [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://dmp.dreamwidth.org/9727.html|work=Tales of the Urban Adventurer|title=Beyond Victoriana: #10 An Interview with Sunday Driver|author=D.M.P.|date=Jan 16, 2010|access-date=February 25, 2010|archive-date=March 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191507/http://dmp.dreamwidth.org/9727.html|url-status=live}}</ref> to [[industrial music|industrial]], [[hip-hop]] to opera (and even [[Doctor Steel|industrial hip-hop opera]]),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.rue-morgue.com/mag_42.php|title=Audio Drome Review: Dr. Steel|magazine=Rue Morgue Magazine, issue 42|date=November–December 2004|format=back issue|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160310161056/http://www.rue-morgue.com/mag_42.php|archive-date=March 10, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indymogul.com/post/11836/interview-dr-phineas-waldolf-steel-mad-scientist|title=Interview: Dr. Phineas Waldolf Steel, Mad Scientist|publisher=[[Indy Mogul]]|first=Wesley|last=Scoggins|quote=Many have mentioned your work in regards to Steampunk influenced bands like Abney Park (and for that matter the Steampunk "style" in general).|access-date=August 29, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101227003408/http://www.indymogul.com/post/11836/interview-dr-phineas-waldolf-steel-mad-scientist|archive-date=December 27, 2010}}</ref> [[darkwave]] to [[progressive rock]], [[Barbershop Quartet|barbershop]] to [[big band]].

Joshua Pfeiffer (of [[Vernian Process]]) is quoted as saying, "As for [[Paul Roland]], if anyone deserves credit for spearheading Steampunk music, it is him. He was one of the inspirations I had in starting my project. He was writing songs about the first attempt at manned flight, and an Edwardian airship raid in the mid-80s long before almost anyone else{{nbsp}}..."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://steampunkbible.com/2012/04/in-memoriam-joshua-pfeiffer-interviews-paul-roland-part-i|title=In Memoriam: Joshua Pfeiffer interviews Paul Roland, Part I|publisher=The Steampunk Bible|date=April 12, 2012|access-date=April 12, 2016|archive-date=April 4, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190404025621/http://steampunkbible.com/2012/04/in-memoriam-joshua-pfeiffer-interviews-paul-roland-part-i/|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Thomas Dolby]] is also considered one of the early pioneers of retro-futurist (i.e., Steampunk and Dieselpunk) music.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.pri.org/stories/arts-entertainment/music/music-festival-conference-set-to-celebrate-steampunk-11696.html|title=Music festival, conference set to celebrate steampunk|publisher=Public Radio International|author=Kurt Andersen|date=6 October 2012|access-date=20 November 2012|archive-date=26 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130126065637/http://www.pri.org/stories/arts-entertainment/music/music-festival-conference-set-to-celebrate-steampunk-11696.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=Steamstock>{{cite web|url=http://steampunk-music.com/article.cfm?a=82|title=Steamstock: An Antiquarian Exposition|publisher=steampunk-music.com|date=September 10, 2012|first=Mark|last=Rossmore|access-date=November 15, 2012|archive-date=March 5, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305023226/http://steampunk-music.com/article.cfm?a=82|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Amanda Palmer]] was once quoted as saying, "Thomas Dolby is to Steampunk what [[Iggy Pop]] was to [[Punk rock|Punk]]!"<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/06/22/idUS181362+22-Jun-2011+BW20110622|title=Thomas Dolby Debuts The Floating City Transmedia Game|work=Reuters|date=Jun 22, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130126061702/https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/06/22/idUS181362%2B22-Jun-2011%2BBW20110622|archive-date=January 26, 2013}}</ref>

Steampunk has also appeared in the work of musicians who do not specifically identify as steampunk. For example, the music video of [[Turn Me On (David Guetta song)|"Turn Me On"]], by [[David Guetta]] and featuring [[Nicki Minaj]], takes place in a steampunk universe where Guetta creates human androids. Another music video is "[[The Ballad of Mona Lisa]]", by [[Panic! at the Disco]], which has a distinct Victorian steampunk theme. A continuation of this theme has been used throughout the 2011 album ''[[Vices And Virtues|Vices & Virtues]]'', in the music videos, album art, and tour set and costumes. In addition, the album ''[[Clockwork Angels]]'' (2012) and its supporting [[Clockwork Angels Tour|tour]] by progressive rock band [[Rush (band)|Rush]] contain lyrics, themes, and imagery based around steampunk. Similarly, [[Abney Park (band)|Abney Park]] headlined the first "Steamstock" outdoor steampunk music festival in [[Richmond, California]], which also featured [[Thomas Dolby]], [[Frenchy and the Punk]], [[Lee Presson and the Nails]], [[Vernian Process]], and others.<ref name=Steamstock/>

The music video for the [[Lindsey Stirling]] song "Roundtable Rival", has a Western steampunk setting.

===Television and films===
{{More citations needed section|date=September 2016}}
[[File:20,000 Leagues ride Disney World.jpg|thumb|"[[20,000 Leagues Under the Sea: Submarine Voyage]]" ride at [[Walt Disney World]] (1971–1994). This ride is based on the 1954 film ''[[20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954 film)|20,000 Leagues Under the Sea]]''.]]
[[File:Arliss Loveless.jpg|thumb|upright|A fan [[cosplay]]ing as the Arliss Loveless character in steampunk wheelchair costume from the 1999 film ''[[Wild Wild West]]'']]

''[[The Fabulous World of Jules Verne]]'' (1958) and ''[[The Fabulous Baron Munchausen]]'' (1962), both directed by [[Karel Zeman]], have steampunk elements. The 1965 television series ''[[The Wild Wild West]]'', as well as the [[Wild, Wild West|1999 film of the same name]], features many elements of advanced steam-powered technology set in the [[Wild West]] time period of the United States. ''[[Two Years' Vacation (film)|Two Years' Vacation]]'' (or ''[[The Stolen Airship]]'') (1967) directed by [[Karel Zeman]] contains steampunk elements.

The [[BBC]] series ''[[Doctor Who]]'' also incorporates steampunk elements. Several storylines can be classed as steampunk, most notably ''The Evil of the Daleks'' (1966), wherein Victorian scientists invent a time travel device using mirrors and [[static electricity]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/doctorwho/classic/episodeguide/evildaleks/detail.shtml|title=BBC Doctor Who Classic Series|publisher=BBC|access-date=16 December 2013|archive-date=6 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106023449/http://www.bbc.co.uk/doctorwho/classic/episodeguide/evildaleks/detail.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> During season 14 of the show (in 1976), the formerly futuristic looking interior set was replaced with a [[Victorian era|Victorian]]-styled wood-panel and brass affair.<ref>{{cite web|title=TARDIS builders|url=http://tardisboard.proboards.com/thread/1396/season-14-wooden-console|access-date=16 December 2013|archive-date=12 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712034209/http://tardisboard.proboards.com/thread/1396/season-14-wooden-console|url-status=live}}</ref> In the 1996 American co-production, the [[TARDIS]] interior was re-designed to resemble an almost Victorian library with the central control console made up of an eclectic array of anachronistic objects. Modified and streamlined for the 2005 revival of the series, the TARDIS console continued to incorporate steampunk elements, including a Victorian typewriter and [[gramophone]], for many years.

''[[Dinner for Adele]]'' (1977) directed by [[Oldřich Lipský]] involves steampunk contraptions. The 1979 film ''[[Time After Time (1979 film)|Time After Time]]'' has [[Herbert George Wells|Herbert George "H.G." Wells]] following a surgeon named John Leslie Stevenson into the future, as John is suspected of being [[Jack the Ripper]]. Both separately use Wells's time machine to travel.

''[[The Mysterious Castle in the Carpathians]]'', (1981) directed by [[Oldřich Lipský]], contains steampunk elements.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thespinningimage.co.uk/cultfilms/displaycultfilm.asp?reviewid=12593|title=Mysterious Castle in the Carpathians, the Review (1981)|access-date=2020-02-27|archive-date=2019-11-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191120005735/http://thespinningimage.co.uk/cultfilms/displaycultfilm.asp?reviewid=12593|url-status=live}}</ref> The 1982 American TV series ''[[Q.E.D. (U.S. TV series)|Q.E.D.]]'' is set in [[Edwardian period|Edwardian]] England, stars [[Sam Waterston]] as Professor Quentin Everett Deverill (from whose initials, by which he is primarily known, the series title is derived, initials which also stand for the Latin phrase ''[[quod erat demonstrandum]]'', which translates as "which was to be demonstrated"). The Professor is an inventor and scientific detective, in the mold of [[Sherlock Holmes]]. The plot of the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] film ''[[Kin-dza-dza!]]'' (1986) centers on a [[desert planet]], depleted of its resources, where an impoverished dog-eat-dog society uses steampunk machines, the movements and functions of which defy Earthly logic.

In making his 1986 Japanese film ''[[Castle in the Sky]]'', [[Hayao Miyazaki]] was heavily influenced by steampunk culture, the film featuring various airships and steampowered contraptions as well as a mysterious island that floats through the sky, accomplished not through magic as in most stories, but instead by harnessing the physical properties of a rare crystal—analogous to the [[lodestone]] used in the [[Gulliver's Travels#Part_III:_A_Voyage_to_Laputa,_Balnibarbi,_Luggnagg,_Glubbdubdrib_and_Japan|Laputa]] of [[Jonathan Swift|Swift's]] ''[[Gulliver's Travels]]''—augmented by massive propellers, as befitting the Victorian motif.<ref>[[Castle in the Sky#Influences]]</ref> The first "Wallace & Gromit" animation ''[[A Grand Day Out]]'' (1989) features a space rocket in the steampunk style.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

The second half of ''[[Back to the Future Part III|Back to the Future III]]'' (1990) gradually evolves into steampunk.

''[[The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr.]]'', a 1993 [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox Network]] TV science fiction-Western set in the 1890s, features elements of steampunk as represented by the character Professor Wickwire, whose inventions were described as "the coming thing".<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.slantmagazine.com/house/2010/06/a-fistful-of-geek-a-look-back-at-the-adventures-of-brisco-county-jr/|title=A Fistful of Geek: A Look Back at The Adventures of Brisco County Jr.|first=Andrew|last=Orillion|magazine=[[Slant Magazine]]|date=June 8, 2010|access-date=April 20, 2020|archive-date=February 3, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203100737/http://www.slantmagazine.com/house/2010/06/a-fistful-of-geek-a-look-back-at-the-adventures-of-brisco-county-jr/|url-status=live}}</ref> The short-lived 1995 TV show ''[[Legend (TV series)|Legend]]'', on [[UPN]], set in 1876 Arizona, features such classic inventions as a steam-driven "quadrovelocipede", [[Night-vision device#Other technologies|trigoggle]] and [[night-vision goggles]] (à la teslapunk), and stars [[John de Lancie]] as a thinly disguised [[Nikola Tesla]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2017}}

[[Alan Moore]]'s and [[Kevin O'Neill (comics)|Kevin O'Neill's]] 1999 ''[[The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen]]'' [[graphic novel]] series (and the subsequent 2003 [[The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen (film)|film adaption]]) greatly popularised the steampunk genre.<ref name=Poeter/>

''[[Steamboy]]'' (2004) is a Japanese animated action film directed and co-written by [[Katsuhiro Otomo]] (''[[Akira (1988 film)|Akira]]''). It is a retro science-fiction epic set in a steampunk Victorian England. It features steamboats, trains, airships and inventors. The 2004 film ''[[Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events]]'' contains steampunk-esque elements such as costumes and vehicle interiors. The 2007 [[Syfy]] miniseries ''[[Tin Man (TV miniseries)|Tin Man]]'' incorporates a considerable number of steampunk-inspired themes into a reimagining of [[L. Frank Baum]]'s ''[[The Wonderful Wizard of Oz]]''. Despite leaning more towards [[Gothic fiction|Gothic]] influences, the "parallel reality" of Meanwhile, City, within the 2009 film ''[[Franklyn]]'' contains many steampunk themes, such as costumery, architecture, minimal use of electricity (with a preference for gaslight), and absence of modern technology (such as there being no motorised vehicles or advanced weaponry, and the manual management of information without computers).

The 2009–2014 [[Syfy]] television series ''[[Warehouse 13]]'' features many steampunk-inspired objects and artifacts, including computer designs created by steampunk artisan Richard Nagy, a.k.a. "Datamancer".<ref>{{cite web|title=Warehouse 13: Steampunk TV|url=http://closetscifigeek.com/2009/08/16/warehouse-13-steampunk-tv/|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120709032830/http://closetscifigeek.com/2009/08/16/warehouse-13-steampunk-tv/|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 9, 2012|work=closetscifigeek.com|author=Stephanie|date=August 16, 2009|access-date=October 2, 2009}}</ref> The 2010 episode of the TV series ''[[Castle (TV series)|Castle]]'' entitled "Punked" (first aired October 11, 2010) prominently features the steampunk subculture and uses [[Los Angeles]]-area steampunks (such as the [[League of STEAM]]) as extras. The 2011 film ''[[The Three Musketeers (2011 film)|The Three Musketeers]]'' has many steampunk elements, including gadgets and airships.

''[[The Legend of Korra]]'', a 2012–2014 [[Nickelodeon]] animated series, incorporates steampunk elements in an industrialized world with East Asian themes.
The ''[[Penny Dreadful (TV series)|Penny Dreadful]]'' (2014) television series is a Gothic Victorian fantasy series with steampunk props and costumes.

The 2013–2014 [[ABC3]] game show ''[[Steam Punks!]]'', sees [[Paul Verhoeven (broadcaster)|Paul Verhoeven]] playing The Inquisitor, who helps teams complete multiple challenges who have become trapped in a bizarre world controlled by an evil genius named The Machine.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2013-02-17 |title=Steam Punks |work=[[Sunday Mail (Adelaide)]] |url=https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info%3Asid/infoweb.newsbank.com&svc_dat=AUNB&req_dat=2FC64405CDC9450D8CE0F660AE4E730F&rft_val_format=info%3Aofi/fmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx&rft_dat=document_id%3Anews%252F1447DF1C08A921F0 |access-date=2022-03-05}}</ref>

The 2015 [[Game Show Network|GSN]] [[reality television]] [[game show]] ''[[Steampunk'd]]'' features a competition to create steampunk-inspired art and designs which are judged by notable steampunks [[Thomas Willeford]], [[Kate Lambert|Kato]], and [[Matthew Yang King]] (as Matt King).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/Jeannie-Mai-to-Host-GSN-New-Competition-Series-STEAMPUNKD-819-20150709|title=Jeannie Mai to Host GSN New Competition Series STEAMPUNK'D, 8/19|date=Jul 9, 2015|website=Broadway World|access-date=August 5, 2015|archive-date=July 14, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150714043714/http://www.broadwayworld.com/bwwtv/article/Jeannie-Mai-to-Host-GSN-New-Competition-Series-STEAMPUNKD-819-20150709|url-status=live}}</ref> Based on the work of cartoonist [[Jacques Tardi]], ''[[April and the Extraordinary World]]'' (2015) is an animated movie set in a steampunk Paris. It features airships, trains, submarines, and various other steam-powered contraptions. [[Tim Burton]]'s 2016 film ''[[Alice Through the Looking Glass (2016 film)|Alice Through the Looking Glass]]'' features steampunk costumes, props, and vehicles.

Japanese anime ''[[Kabaneri of the Iron Fortress]]'' (2016) features a steampunk [[zombie]] apocalypse.

The American [[fantasy]] [[animated sitcom]], ''[[Disenchantment (TV series)|Disenchantment]]'', created by [[Matt Groening]] for [[Netflix]], features a steampunk country named Steamland, led by an odd industrialist named Alva Gunderson voiced by [[Richard Ayoade]], first appears in the season 1 episode, "The Electric Princess."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stubbs |first1=Dan |title='Disenchantment' season three review: Matt Groening's swords-and-swigging sitcom loses the plot |url=https://www.nme.com/en_asia/reviews/tv-reviews/disenchantment-season-3-review-netflix-2854203 |website=[[NME]] |access-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116172752/https://www.nme.com/en_asia/reviews/tv-reviews/disenchantment-season-3-review-netflix-2854203 |archive-date=January 16, 2021 |date=January 11, 2021 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Cremona |first1=Patrick |title=When is Disenchantment Part 3 released on Netflix? Everything you need to know |url=https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/fantasy/2021-01-13/disenchantment-part-3-release-date/ |website=[[Radio Times]] |access-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122152233/https://www.radiotimes.com/tv/fantasy/2021-01-13/disenchantment-part-3-release-date/ |archive-date=January 22, 2021 |date=January 13, 2021 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref>{{efn|The country is alluded to in the show's first episode when an object looking like a blimp is briefly shown in the background when the protagonist and her friends flee into the forest.}} The country is portrayed as driven by [[logic]] and is [[egalitarian]], governed by science, rather than magic, as is the case for Dreamland, where the protagonist, [[Princess Bean]], is from.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Morrison |first1=Matt |title=Disenchantment Season 2's Ending Was Foreshadowed From The Start: Here's How |url=https://screenrant.com/disenchantment-season-2-ending-foreshadowing-early-episodes/ |website=[[Screen Rant]] |access-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930211856/https://screenrant.com/disenchantment-season-2-ending-foreshadowing-early-episodes/ |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |date=September 28, 2019 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref> The country has cars, automatic lights, submarines, and other modern technologies, all of which are steam-powered, and references to Groening's other series, ''[[Futurama]]''.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Murthi |first1=Vikram |title=Disenchantment goes all steampunk in the penultimate episode of the season |url=https://www.avclub.com/disenchantment-goes-all-steampunk-in-the-penultimate-ep-1838334512 |website=[[Screen Rant]] |access-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230165108/https://tv.avclub.com/disenchantment-goes-all-steampunk-in-the-penultimate-ep-1838334512 |archive-date=December 30, 2020 |date=September 22, 2019 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Elderkin |first1=Beth |title=Some of Disenchantment Part 2's Coolest Teasers, Nods, and Easter Eggs |url=https://io9.gizmodo.com/some-of-disenchantment-part-2s-coolest-teasers-nods-a-1838249940 |website=[[Gizmodo]] |access-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112023225/https://io9.gizmodo.com/some-of-disenchantment-part-2s-coolest-teasers-nods-a-1838249940 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |date=September 23, 2019 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Steamland appears in three episodes of the show's second season,{{efn|Specifically the episodes "Steamland Confidential", "Freak Out!", and "Last Splash"}} showing an explorers club as part of the country's [[high society (social class)|high society]], flying [[zeppelins]], and robots with light bulbs for heads that chase the protagonists through the streets.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Jennings |first1=Collier |title=Netflix's Disenchantment Part 3 Trailer Reveals Release Date |url=https://www.cbr.com/netflix-disenchantment-part-3-trailer-reveals-release-date/ |website=[[Comic Book Resources|CBR]] |access-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219191654/https://www.cbr.com/netflix-disenchantment-part-3-trailer-reveals-release-date/ |archive-date=December 19, 2020 |date=December 16, 2020 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Griffin |first1=David |title=Disenchantment: Season 3 Review |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/disenchantment-season-3-review-netflix-matt-groening |website=[[IGN]] |access-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116013842/https://www.ign.com/articles/disenchantment-season-3-review-netflix-matt-groening |archive-date=January 16, 2021 |date=January 15, 2021 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Some even argued that Steamland is "[[dieselpunk]]-inspired."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Liptak |first1=Andrew |title=Netflix's Disenchantment Returns in January |url=https://www.tor.com/2020/12/16/disenchantment-netflix-matt-groenig-trailer-watch/ |website=[[Tor.com]] |access-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216161959/https://www.tor.com/2020/12/16/disenchantment-netflix-matt-groenig-trailer-watch/ |archive-date=December 16, 2020 |date=December 16, 2020 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

The 2023 film ''[[Poor Things (film)|Poor Things]]'' has been noted for its "steampunk-infused" production design.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ide |first=Wendy |date=2024-01-14 |title=Poor Things review – Emma Stone transfixes in Yorgos Lanthimos's thrilling carnival of oddness |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2024/jan/14/poor-things-review-yorgos-lanthimos-emma-stone-frankenstein |access-date=2024-09-13 |work=the Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

===Video games===
A variety of styles of video games<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-20 |title=Steampunk in Video Games |url=https://infinitesteampunk.com/blogs/steampunk-blog/steampunk-in-video-games |access-date=2024-08-12 |website=Infinite Steampunk |language=en}}</ref> have used steampunk settings.

''[[Steel Empire]]'' (1992), a [[shoot 'em up]] game originally released as ''Koutetsu Teikoku'' on the [[Sega Mega Drive]] console in Japan, is considered to be the first steampunk video game. Designed by Yoshinori Satake and inspired by [[Hayao Miyazaki]]'s anime film ''[[Laputa: Castle in the Sky]]'' (1986), ''Steel Empire'' is set in an alternate timeline dominated by steam-powered technology. The commercial success of ''Steel Empire'', both in Japan and the West, helped propel steampunk into the [[Video game industry|video game market]], and had a significant influence on later steampunk games. The most notable steampunk game it influenced is ''[[Final Fantasy VI]]'' (1994), a [[Japanese role-playing game]] developed by [[Squaresoft]] and designed by [[Hiroyuki Ito]] for the [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System]]. ''Final Fantasy VI'' was both critically and commercially successful, and had a considerable influence on later steampunk video games.<ref name=Nevins2019/>

''[[The Chaos Engine]]'' (1993) is a [[run and gun (video game)|run and gun]] video game inspired by the Gibson/Sterling novel ''[[The Difference Engine]]'' (1990), set in a Victorian steampunk age. Developed by [[the Bitmap Brothers]], it was first released on the [[Amiga]] in 1993; a sequel was released in 1996.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bitmap-brothers.co.uk/our-games/past/chaos-engine.htm|title=The Chaos Engine|publisher=The Bitmap Brothers|access-date=Aug 6, 2014|archive-date=May 18, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518024253/http://www.bitmap-brothers.co.uk/our-games/past/chaos-engine.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[graphic adventure game|graphic adventure]] [[puzzle video game]]s ''[[Myst]]'' (1993), ''[[Riven]]'' (1997), ''[[Myst III: Exile]]'' (2001), and ''[[Myst IV: Revelation]]'' (all produced by or under the supervision of [[Cyan Worlds]]) take place in an alternate steampunk universe, where elaborate infrastructures have been built to run on steam power. ''[[The Elder Scrolls]]'' (since 1994, last release in 2014) is an [[action role-playing game]] where one can find an ancient extinct race called dwemers or dwarves, whose steampunk technology is based on steam-powered levers and gears made of bronze or brass, which are maintained by magical techniques that have kept them in working order over the centuries.

''[[Sakura Wars]]'' (1996), a [[visual novel]] and [[tactical role-playing game]] developed by [[Sega]] for the [[Sega Saturn|Saturn]] console, is set in a steampunk version of Japan during the [[Meiji (era)|Meiji]] and [[Taishō]] periods, and features steam-powered [[mecha]] robots.<ref name=Wired/> ''[[Thief: The Dark Project]]'' (1998), its sequels, ''[[Thief II]]'' (2000), ''[[Thief: Deadly Shadows]]'' (2004) and its reboot ''[[Thief (2014 video game)|Thief]]'' (2014) are set in a steampunk metropolis. The 2001 [[computer role-playing game]] ''[[Arcanum: Of Steamworks and Magick Obscura]]'' mixes [[fantasy]] tropes with steampunk.

The ''[[Professor Layton]]'' series of games (2007 debut) has several entries showcasing steampunk machinery and vehicles. Notably ''[[Professor Layton and the Unwound Future]]'' features a quasi-steampunk future setting. ''[[Solatorobo]]'' (2010) is a role-playing video game developed by [[CyberConnect2]] set in a floating island [[archipelago]] populated by anthropomorphic cats and dogs, who pilot steampunk airships and engage in combat with robots. ''[[Resonance of Fate]]'' (2010) is a role-playing video game developed by [[tri-Ace]] and published by Sega for the [[PlayStation 3]] and [[Xbox 360]]. It is set in a steampunk environment with combat involving guns.

''[[Impossible Creatures]]'' (2003) [[real-time strategy]] game inspired by the works of [[H. G. Welles]], especially "[[The Island of Doctor Moreau]]". Developed by [[Relic Entertainment]], it sees an adventurer building an army of genetically spliced animals to battle against a mad scientist who has abducted his father. The player's headquarters is a steam-powered "Hovertrain" [[locomotive]], which functions as both a science lab and mobile command center. Coal is a key resource in the game, and must be burned to provide power to the players many base buildings.

The ''[[SteamWorld]]'' series of games (2010 debut) has the player controlling steam-powered robots. ''[[Minecraft]]'' (2011) has a steampunk-themed [[texture pack]]. ''[[Terraria]]'' (2011) is a video game developed by [[Re-Logic]]. It is a 2D [[open world]] [[platform game]] in which the player controls a single character in a generated world. It has a Steampunker [[non-player character]] in the game who sells items referencing Steampunk. 
''[[LittleBigPlanet 2]]'' (2011) has the world Victoria's Laboratory, run by Victoria von Bathysphere, which mixes steampunk themes with confections. ''[[Guns of Icarus Online]]'' (2012) is multiplayer game with steampunk themes.

''[[Dishonored (series)|Dishonored]]'' is a series (2012 debut) of [[stealth game|stealth]] games with role-playing elements developed by [[Arkane Studios]] and widely considered to be a spiritual successor of the original ''Thief'' trilogy. Set in the Empire of the Isles, a steampunk Victorian metropolis where technology and supernatural magic coexist. Steam-powered robots and mechanical combat suits are present as enemies, as well as the presence of magic. The major locations in the Isles include Dunwall, the Empire's [[capital city]] which uses the burning of [[whale oil]] as the city's main fuel source,<ref name="whalepunk">{{cite web |last=Hillier |first=Brenna |title=Celebrating Dishonored 2's stylish, "whalepunk" art |url=https://www.vg247.com/2016/11/23/celebrating-dishonored-2s-stylish-whalepunk-art/ |date=23 November 2016 |work=[[VG247]] |access-date=22 August 2020 |archive-date=6 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006084249/https://www.vg247.com/2016/11/23/celebrating-dishonored-2s-stylish-whalepunk-art/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and Karnaca, which is powered by wind turbines fed by currents generated by a cleft mountain along the city's borders.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pcgamer.com/dishonored-2-trailer-examines-the-making-of-karnaca/|title=Dishonored 2 trailer examines the making of Karnaca|first=Andy|last=Chalk|work=[[PC Gamer]]|date=5 October 2016|access-date=22 August 2020|archive-date=9 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221109050813/https://www.pcgamer.com/dishonored-2-trailer-examines-the-making-of-karnaca/|url-status=live}}</ref>

''[[BioShock Infinite]]'' (2013) is a [[first-person shooter]] game set in 1912, in a fictional city called Columbia, which uses technology to float in the sky and has many historical and religious scenes.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%2016.pdf|title=BioShock Infinite|first=Nick|last=Ottens|magazine=Gatehouse Gazette|issue=16|date=January 2011|page=9|access-date=Jul 28, 2020|archive-date=July 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728091930/https://neverwasmag.com/Gazette%20-%2016.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

''[[Code: Realize − Guardian of Rebirth]]'' (2014), a Japanese [[otome]] game for the [[PS Vita]] is set in a steampunk Victorian London, and features a cast with several historical figures with steampunk aesthetics. ''[[Code Name S.T.E.A.M.]]'' (2015), a Japanese tactical RPG game for the [[3DS]] set in a steampunk fantasy version of London where you are a conscript in the strike force S.T.E.A.M. (short for Strike Team Eliminating the Alien Menace). ''[[They Are Billions]]'' (2017), is a steampunk strategy game in a post-apocalyptic setting. Players build a colony and attempt to ward off waves of zombies. ''[[Frostpunk]]'' (2018) is a city-building game set in 1888, but where the Earth is in the midst of a great [[Ice age|Ice Age]]. Players must construct a city around a large steampunk heat generator with many steampunk aesthetics and mechanics, such as a "Steam Core."