Editing Sphalerite (section)

=== Sedimentary exhalitive ===
Approximately 50% of zinc (from sphalerite) and lead comes from [[Sedimentary exhalative deposits|Sedimentary exhalative]] (SEDEX) deposits, which are stratiform Pb-Zn sulfides that form at seafloor vents.<ref name="Kropschot-2011">{{Cite journal|last1=Kropschot|first1=S.J.|last2=Doebrich|first2=Jeff L.|date=2011|title=Zinc-The key to preventing corrosion|journal=Fact Sheet|page=13 |doi=10.3133/fs20113016|issn=2327-6932|doi-access=free|bibcode=2011usgs.rept...13K }}</ref> The metals precipitate from hydrothermal fluids and are hosted by shales, carbonates and organic-rich siltstones in [[back-arc basin|back-arc basins]] and failed continental rifts.<ref name="Arndt-2015">{{Cite book|last=Arndt|first=N. T.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/914168910|title=Metals and society : an introduction to economic geology|date=2015|others=Stephen E. Kesler, Clément Ganino|isbn=978-3-319-17232-3|edition=2nd|location=Cham|oclc=914168910}}</ref> The main ore minerals in SEDEX deposits are sphalerite, galena, pyrite, [[pyrrhotite]] and [[marcasite]], with minor sulfosalts such as [[tetrahedrite]]-[[freibergite]] and [[boulangerite]]; the zinc + lead grade typically ranges between 10 and 20%.<ref name="Arndt-2015"/> Important SEDEX mines are [[Red Dog mine|Red Dog]] in [[Alaska]], [[Sullivan Mine]] in [[British Columbia]], [[Mount Isa Mines|Mount Isa]] and [[Broken Hill ore deposit|Broken Hill]] in [[Australia]] and Mehdiabad in [[Iran]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Emsbo|first1=Poul|last2=Seal|first2=Robert R.|last3=Breit|first3=George N.|last4=Diehl|first4=Sharon F.|last5=Shah|first5=Anjana K.|date=2016|title=Sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) zinc-lead-silver deposit model|journal=Scientific Investigations Report|page=11 |doi=10.3133/sir20105070n|issn=2328-0328|doi-access=free|bibcode=2016usgs.rept...11E }}</ref>