Editing Somali Armed Forces (section)

== Somali National Army from 2008 ==
=== Training and facilities ===
[[File:Dhraelm1.jpg|thumb|right|Then Brigadier General [[Dahir Adan Elmi]], Chief of Defence Force, while meeting with Commander, Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa in 2013]]
[[File:2016 04 12 SNA Anniversary-6 (26363205326).jpg|thumb|right|SNAF Parade on Somali Armed Forces day in 2016]]

In September 2011, President [[Sharif Sheikh Ahmed]] laid the foundation for a new military camp in the Jazeera District of Mogadishu. The $3.2&nbsp;million construction project was funded by the EU and was expected to take six months to complete.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.somaliareport.com/index.php/post/1581/President_Sharif_Opens_Military_Camp_in_Capital |title=President Sharif Opens Military Camp in Capital |publisher=SomaliaReport |date=16 September 2011 |access-date=16 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004145831/http://www.somaliareport.com/index.php/post/1581/President_Sharif_Opens_Military_Camp_in_Capital |archive-date=4 October 2011 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>

In June 2013, Egyptian engineers arrived to build new headquarters for the Somalia Ministry of Defence.<ref name="Ethrsmod">{{cite news |title=Egypt to help re-build Somali Ministry of Defence |url=http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/newsbriefs/2013/06/05/newsbrief-06 |access-date=20 June 2014 |agency=Sabahi |date=5 June 2013 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214231416/http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/newsbriefs/2013/06/05/newsbrief-06 |archive-date=14 December 2014}}</ref>

In February 2014, it was announced that Somalia had held military training inside the country for the first time (since the late 1980s).<ref name="Ssnacrawtt">{{cite news |title=Somali National Army commander: Reviving army will take time |url=http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/features/2014/02/20/feature-01 |access-date=14 June 2014 |agency=Sabahi |date=20 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140515002225/http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/features/2014/02/20/feature-01 |archive-date=15 May 2014 |url-status=live  }}</ref> Chief of Staff Brigadier General Elmi said that there were "some hospitals that have a special agreement with the government where the injured soldiers are admitted, but there is no hospital that is strictly for the armed forces. There is a hospital that used to belong to the military, but it needs funding to operate."

In May 2015, President [[Hassan Sheikh Mohamud]] officially opened a new training camp in Mogadishu. Construction began in 2014 in conjunction with the government of the [[United Arab Emirates]]. Situated in the Hodan district, it was one of several new military training sites in the country.<ref name="Gsoonmtcim">{{cite news |title=Somali president officially opens new military training centre in Mogadishu |url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=13830 |access-date=13 May 2015 |agency=Goobjoog |date=12 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150530233047/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=13830 |archive-date=30 May 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

=== Strength and units ===
In April 2011, 1,000 recruits completed training in [[Uganda]] as a part of the agreement with the EU<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sunatimes.com/view.php?id=970 |title=Sunatimes.com – East Africa Investigative Media |website=sunatimes.com |access-date=4 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219090333/http://sunatimes.com/view.php?id=970 |archive-date=19 February 2018 |url-status=live  }}</ref> destined for the newly forming Brigades 4, [[Brigade 5 (Somalia)|Brigade 5]] and [[Brigade 6 (Somalia)|Brigade 6]]. With a post-training drop-out rate of around 10%, the vast majority of the EUTM trainees continued to serve in the SNA after their period abroad.{{sfn|Nilsson|Norberg|2014}} Brigades 5 and 6 have fought against Al-Shabaab including in Mogadishu and [[Afgoye]].<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/201406100182.html Somalia: Rival Soldiers in Deadly Battle Again As PM Calls for Calm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501045606/http://allafrica.com/stories/201406100182.html |date=1 May 2015 }}, http://allafrica.com/stories/201406100182.html/Garoweonline.com{{Dead link|date=April 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, 9 June 2014.</ref> 

In 2013, divisions, effectively serving as area commands, began to be reformed: initially [[Division 60 (Somalia)|Division 60]] at Baidoa (1 July 2013), later joined by [[Division 21 (Somalia)|Division 21]] at [[Dhusamareb]] (30 August 2013).{{sfn|Robinson|2019|p=216-217}} In the Kismayo/Jubaland area, after [[Ahmed Madobe]] had established himself, commanders from the Mogadishu area were somewhat isolated by differing clan connections. Yet they were technically heads of SNA [[Division 43 (Somalia)]]: in reality more of a "paper" area command than a division. Then on 27 July 2015 a swearing in ceremony took place for 1,517 new SNA fighters from Lower Juba and Kismayo, and they formed multi-clan battalions.{{sfn|Robinson|2019|p=215}} Very little support or even no support was provided to this group, located at the old Kismayo Airport, in the twelve months to February 2016. By January 2016 it appeared that up to 500 had drifted away, dropping out of the integration process.

Also established by 2014 was [[Division "12 April" (Somalia)|Division "12 April"]], supervising Somali troops in the areas of [[AMISOM]] Sectors 1 and 5 around Mogadishu.{{sfn|Williams|2018|p=205}} In March 2013 there were technically six [[brigade]]s around Mogadishu,<ref name="Haisaunplae">{{cite news |last=Kwayera |first=Juma |title=Hope alive in Somalia as UN partially lifts arms embargo |url=http://www.kenyacentral.com/news/73041-kenya-hope-alive-in-somalia-as-un-partially-lifts-arms-embargo.html |access-date=14 March 2013 |newspaper=Standard Digital |date=9 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714140959/http://www.kenyacentral.com/news/73041-kenya-hope-alive-in-somalia-as-un-partially-lifts-arms-embargo.html |archive-date=14 July 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> but their motivation to fight al-Shabaab in an organised fashion, as opposed to operating as clan militia, was doubtful. The six brigades were as of July 2013 largely composed of officers from various Hawiye sub-clans, with some [[Marehan]]-[[Darod]] and minorities also present. Five brigades primarily consisted of [[Abgaal]], [[Murosade]] and [[Hawadle]] soldiers. [[Brigade 3 (Somalia)|Brigade 3]] over the same period comprised 840 fighters, most of whom belong to the [[Hawiye]]-[[Habar Gidir]]/Ayr clan. The brigade was around 30% to 50% smaller in size than the other five brigades in the wider Mogadishu area. Led by General Mohamed Roble Jimale 'Gobale,' it occupied areas in [[Lower Shabelle]], including Merka, and along the Afgoye corridor. The UN Monitoring Group reported that many Brigade 3 fighters had been drawn from militias controlled by [[Yusuf Mohamed Siyaad 'Indha Adde']], a close associate of Jimale and the former Eritrean-backed chief of defence for the [[Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia]]-Asmara.<ref name="SEMG440">{{cite web|url=http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/s_2013_440.pdf|title=Report S/2013/440 of the Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea pursuant to Security Council resolution 2060 (2012): Eritrea|publisher=UN Monitoring Group on Somalia and Eritrea|access-date=26 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323050102/http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/s_2013_440.pdf|archive-date=23 March 2014|url-status=live}}, page 19, para. 50–51 & footnote 44. For Gobale, see S/2013/413 and S/2016/919.</ref> Gobale was killed in a suspected Al-Shabaab attack on 18 September 2016. Brigade 3's primary focus became "the domination of the valuable riverine land and its businesses for financial gain. In the process, the local people, often from minority clans such as the Biimaal, were constantly oppressed, with numerous atrocities committed," including arbitrary torture of civilians.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Colin D Robinson |author2=Jahara Matisek |date=2020|title=Assistance to Locally Appropriate Military Forces in Southern Somalia|journal=The RUSI Journal|volume=165|number=4|page=73}}</ref>

In Hiraan by mid-2014 Brigade 10 was active, centred on Beledweyne and made up mostly of the [[Hawaadle]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Col. Isak: Al-shabab’s plan is to destabilise Hiran Region |url=https://en.goobjoog.com/col-isak-al-shababs-plan-is-to-destabilise-hiran-region/ |date=January 31, 2015}} Note the confusion of "battalion" and "brigade" common in Somali press accounts.</ref>
[[File:Somali soldiers.jpeg|thumb|Somali military personnel in [[Turkey]] for military training in 2018|237x237px]]

In February 2014 Chief of Staff Elmi said that a new [[Biometrics|biometric]] registration system had been created for the SAF, whereby each person would be photographed and fingerprinted.<ref name="Ssnacrawtt"/> By the end of 2014, 17,000 national army soldiers and police officers had been registered for the new biometric remuneration system.<ref name="Gsyod">{{cite news |title=Somalia's Year of Delivery |url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=9513 |access-date=31 January 2015 |agency=Goobjoog |date=31 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402201317/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=9513 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |url-status=dead  }}</ref> 13,829 SNA soldiers and 5,134 Somali Police Force officials were biometrically registered in the system as of May 2015.<ref name="Urotsgosmtf">{{cite web |title=Report of the Secretary – General on Somalia – S /2015/331 |url=https://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=s/2015/331 |publisher=United Nations Security Council |access-date=18 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160708002806/http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=s%2F2015%2F331 |archive-date=8 July 2016 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

As of May–June 2014, numbers were reportedly estimated at 20,000 (including around 1,500 female).<ref name="Fsijmris">{{cite news|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/ArticlePrint.aspx?id=258200&mode=print|title=Female soldiers increasingly joining military ranks in Somalia|last1=Guled|first1=Abdi|date=30 May 2014|access-date=21 June 2014|newspaper=The Daily Star|agency=AP|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234643/http://www.dailystar.com.lb/ArticlePrint.aspx?id=258200&mode=print|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

In February 2014, the Federal Government concluded a six-month training course for the first Commandos, [[Danab Brigade|Danab]] (Somali: "Lightning"), since 1991.<ref name="Stifcatcotcg">{{cite news |last=Mohyaddin |first=Shafi’i |title=Somalia trains its first commandos after the collapse of the central government |url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2014/Feb/53215/somalia_trains_its_first_commandos_after_the_collapse_of_the_central_government.aspx |access-date=12 February 2014 |newspaper=Hiiraan Online |date=8 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222045342/https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2014/Feb/53215/somalia_trains_its_first_commandos_after_the_collapse_of_the_central_government.aspx |archive-date=22 February 2014 |url-status=live  }}</ref>{{sfn|Williams|2018}} Training was carried out by [[Bancroft Global Development]], a U.S. private military contractor, paid by AMISOM which is then reimbursed by the U.S. State Department. The aim was to create a mixed-clan unit. The Danab unit was established at [[Baledogle Airfield]], in [[Walaweyn District]], [[Lower Shabelle]].<ref name="Stifcatcotcg" /> The training of the first Danab unit began in October 2013, with 150 recruits. As of July 2014, training of the second unit was underway. According to General Elmi, the training is geared toward both urban and rural environments, and is aimed at preparing the soldiers for guerrilla warfare and all other types of modern military operations. Elmi said that a total of 570 recruits were expected to have completed training by U.S. security personnel by the end of 2014.<ref name="Utscfa" />

In April 2015, the Federal Ministry of Defence launched its new Guulwade Plan (Victory Plan), which laid out a roadmap for long-term development of the military. It was formulated with technical support from UNSOM.<ref name="Urotsgosmtf" /> The same month, the [[United States]] government also funded the payment of 9,495 army allowances.

In March 2023, following on from an agreement in 2017, the Somali government agreed to amend troop numbers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-19 |title=Somali Leaders Agree to Increase Troop Numbers |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/somali-leaders-agree-to-increase-troop-numbers/7012152.html |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=Voice of America |language=en}}</ref>

=== Agreements ===
[[File:2019 12 09 Defector Rehabilitation Training Program-3.jpg|thumb|314x314px|Chief of the Somali Military Tribunal, Colonel Hassan Ali Nur Shuute in 2019, in formal service dress]]
In February 2012, Somali Prime Minister [[Abdiweli Mohamed Ali]] and Italian Defence Minister [[Gianpaolo Di Paola]] agreed that Italy would assist the Somali Armed Forces as part of the National Security and Stabilization Plan.<ref name="Lpmmitmidaarts">{{cite news |title=PM meets Italian Defence minister, IFAD director and addressed Rome 3 students |url=http://laanta.net/?p=299 |access-date=17 March 2013 |newspaper=Laanta |date=2 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012022639/http://laanta.net/?p=299 |archive-date=12 October 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref> In November 2014, the Federal Parliament approved a new defense and cooperation treaty with Italy. The agreement included training and equipping of the army by Italy.<ref name="Spasmtwi">{{cite news |title=SOMALIA: Parliament approves Somalia's military treaty with Italy |url=http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/11/somalia-parliament-approves-somalias-military-treaty-with-italy/ |access-date=23 December 2014 |newspaper=Raxanreeb |date=4 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219215150/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/11/somalia-parliament-approves-somalias-military-treaty-with-italy/ |archive-date=19 December 2014 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>

In November 2014, Somalia signed a military cooperation agreement with the [[United Arab Emirates]].<ref name="Kussmca">{{cite news |title=UAE, Somalia sign military cooperation agreement |url=http://www.kuna.net.kw/ArticleDetails.aspx?id=2407016&language=en |access-date=15 April 2015 |agency=Kuwait News Agency |date=7 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417204450/http://www.kuna.net.kw/ArticleDetails.aspx?id=2407016&language=en |archive-date=17 April 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

Somalia signed military cooperation agreements with Turkey in May 2010,<ref name="Tsmaa">{{cite news |title=Turkey-Somalia military agreement approved |url=http://www.todayszaman.com/news-297699-turkey-somalia-military-agreement-approved.html |access-date=13 August 2013 |newspaper=Today's Zaman |date=9 November 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623235606/http://www.todayszaman.com/news-297699-turkey-somalia-military-agreement-approved.html |archive-date=23 June 2013}}</ref> February 2014,<ref name="Rsmdsamswtdm">{{cite news |title=SOMALIA: Ministry of Defense signs an agreement of military support with Turkish Defense ministry |url=http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/02/somalia-ministry-of-defense-sings-an-agreement-of-military-support-with-turkish-defense-ministry/ |access-date=10 April 2014 |newspaper=Raxanreeb |date=28 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413141402/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/02/somalia-ministry-of-defense-sings-an-agreement-of-military-support-with-turkish-defense-ministry/ |archive-date=13 April 2014 |url-status=dead  }}</ref> and January 2015.<ref name="Gpresv">{{cite news |title=Press Release: Erdogan's Somalia Visit |url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=9308 |access-date=29 January 2015 |agency=Goobjoog |date=25 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118163629/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=9308 |archive-date=18 November 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref> In early 2016 another agreement was signed to open [[Turkish military base in Somalia|Camp TURKSOM]] in [[Mogadishu]], at which [[Turkish Armed Forces]] officers were to train Somali recruits. Over 1,500 Somalis were to be trained by 200 Turkish personnel. A military school in Somalia to train officers was also planned.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.dailysabah.com/diplomacy/2016/01/19/first-turkish-military-base-in-africa-to-open-in-somalia | title=First Turkish military base in Africa to open in Somalia | website=[[Daily Sabah]] | date=19 January 2016 | access-date=11 September 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911175637/http://www.dailysabah.com/diplomacy/2016/01/19/first-turkish-military-base-in-africa-to-open-in-somalia | archive-date=11 September 2016 | url-status=live | df=dmy-all }}</ref>

===Disappearances of Somali soldiers===
In January 2021, the families of 370 Somali soldiers who were sent to Eritrea for training began protesting in Mogadishu, due to loss of contact with their relatives since November 2019. The parents of the soldiers called on President [[Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed]] "Faarmajo" to give them information as to their sons' whereabouts after the former deputy of Somalia's National Intelligence and Security Agency Abdisalan Yusuf Guled claimed the soldiers have died fighting in the Tigray region of Ethiopia. Mohamed's office has denied the claim. A parliamentary committee, the foreign affairs and defense committee, has demanded an explanation from President Farmaajo calling on him to dispatch a fact-finding mission to Asmara for an investigation into the disappearances.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/africa_somali-lawmakers-demand-inquiry-alleged-troops-fighting-tigray/6201224.html|publisher=Voice of America|date= 26 January 2021|title=Somali Lawmakers Demand Inquiry on Alleged Troops Fighting in Tigray}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://nationalinterest.org/feature/united-states-should-sanction-somalia%E2%80%99s-president-human-trafficking-177400|date=1 February 2021|title= The United States Should Sanction Somalia's President for Human Trafficking|publisher= National Interest}}</ref> On May 23, 2022, the last day of his presidency, Farmajo confirmed that 5,000 soldiers have concluded their training in Eritrea in mid 2021, saying that their return was delayed because of the election process.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hiiraan.com/news4/2022/May/186315/farmajo_confirms_somali_troops_trained_in_eritrea_during_final_speech_as_president.aspx|publisher= Hiiraan|date=23 May 2022|title= Farmaajo confirms Somali troops trained in Eritrea during final speech as President}}</ref>

=== Army equipment ===
{{main|List of equipment of the Somali Armed Forces}}
Among firearms associated with the Somali National Army and reported by ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/10'' were Soviet [[TT pistol]]s, British [[Sterling submachine gun]]s; [[Heckler & Koch G3]] and Belgian [[FN FAL]] assault rifles, U.S. [[M14 rifle]]s, 
Soviet [[RPD machine gun]]s; Soviet [[RPK machine gun]]s; Soviet [[RP-46]] machine guns; French [[AA-52 machine gun]]s; Belgian [[FN MAG]] machine guns; Soviet [[DShK]] heavy machine guns; U.S. [[M2 Browning]] .50 cal heavy machine guns; and U.S. [[M79 grenade launcher]]s and Soviet [[RPG-2]] grenade launchers.<ref name="jones2009">Jones, Richard D. ''Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010''. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (27 January 2009). {{ISBN|978-0-7106-2869-5}}.</ref>

In May 2012, over thirty-three vehicles were donated by the U.S. government to the SNA. The vehicles include 16 Magirus trucks, 4 Hilux pickups, 6 Land Cruiser pickups, 1 water tanker, and 6 water trailers.<ref name="Prahomvttsna">{{cite news |title=PRESS RELEASE: AMISOM hands over military vehicles to the Somali National Army |url=http://amisom-au.org/2012/05/amisom-hands-over-military-vehicles-to-the-somali-national-army/ |access-date=14 August 2014 |agency=AMISOM |date=18 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120525020139/http://amisom-au.org/2012/05/amisom-hands-over-military-vehicles-to-the-somali-national-army/ |archive-date=25 May 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref> On 9 April 2013, the U.S. government approved the provision of defense articles and services by the American authorities to the Somali Federal Government.<ref name="Usearfs">{{cite news |title=U.S. eases arms restrictions for Somalia |url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2013/04/09/US-eases-arms-restrictions-for-Somalia/UPI-82061365516759/ |access-date=22 April 2013 |work=United Press International |date=9 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130413101718/http://www.upi.com/Top_News/Special/2013/04/09/US-eases-arms-restrictions-for-Somalia/UPI-82061365516759/ |archive-date=13 April 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref> It handed over 15 vehicles to the new Commandos in March 2014.<ref name="Rsudmvtntsc">{{cite news |title=SOMALIA: U.S donates military vehicles to newly trained Somali Commandos |url=http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/03/somalia-u-s-donates-military-vehicles-to-newly-trained-somali-commandos/ |access-date=7 April 2014 |newspaper=Raxanreeb |date=5 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310023738/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/03/somalia-u-s-donates-military-vehicles-to-newly-trained-somali-commandos/ |archive-date=10 March 2014 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>

In April 2013, Djibouti presented the SNA with 15 armoured military vehicles. The equipment was part of a larger consignment of 25 military trucks and 25 armoured military vehicles.<ref name="Sddavts">{{cite news |title=Djibouti donates armoured vehicles to Somalia |url=http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/newsbriefs/2013/04/05/newsbrief-02 |access-date=13 April 2015 |newspaper=Sabahi |date=5 April 2013 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408213719/http://sabahionline.com/en_GB/articles/hoa/articles/newsbriefs/2013/04/05/newsbrief-02 |archive-date=8 April 2014}}</ref> The same month, the Italian government handed over 54 armored and personnel carrier vehicles to the army at a ceremony in Mogadishu.<ref name="Gihomctsg">{{cite news |title=Italy Hands over Military Consignment to Somali Government |url=http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=11335 |access-date=12 March 2015 |agency=Goobjoog |date=5 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402082636/http://goobjoog.com/english/?p=11335 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

As of April 2015, the Ministry of Defence's Guulwade Plan identifies the equipment and weaponry requirements of the army.<ref name="Urotsgosmtf" />

Thirteen [[ACMAT Bastion]] APCs were planned to be transferred in 2016, supplied via the U.S. [[Department of Defense (United States)|Department of Defense]].<ref name=trade/><ref name="African partners"/> Yet in 2018, an industry source explained to Jane's that none had actually been supplied.<ref name="JanesDW">{{cite journal|title=Cameroon's Bastion APCs now in action|date=6 June 2018|first1=Erwan|last1=de Cherisey|journal=[[Jane's Defence Weekly]]|url=http://j7dw4xlk473roufa2qi1siiq-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Cameroons-Bastion-APCs-now-in-action.pdf|access-date=9 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110073648/http://j7dw4xlk473roufa2qi1siiq-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Cameroons-Bastion-APCs-now-in-action.pdf|archive-date=10 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2019, [[Navistar, Inc|Navistar Defence]] was awarded a multimillion dollar contract to supply Somalia with multiple [[Navistar 7000 series|6x6 transport and recovery trucks]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Martin |first=Guy |date=2019-11-27 |title=Navistar to supply trucks to Somalia |url=https://www.defenceweb.co.za/featured/navistar-to-supply-trucks-to-somalia/ |access-date=2024-07-10 |website=defenceWeb |language=en-ZA}}</ref> In 2021, the United States supplied the Somali Army with six [[PUMA M26-15|Puma M36 Mk 6]] armoured personnel carriers, a variant of the [[PUMA M26-15]].<ref> {{Cite web |last=Martin |first=Guy |date=2021-07-13 |title=US provides Puma APCs to Somalia |url=https://www.defenceweb.co.za/featured/us-provides-puma-apcs-to-somalia/ |access-date=2024-07-10 |website=defenceWeb |language=en-ZA}}</ref>