Editing Slovincian language (section)

==History==
The ancestors of the Slovincians, the [[West Slavs|West Slavic]] [[Pomeranians (Slavic tribe)|Pomeranians]], moved in after the [[Migration Period]]. Following the [[Ostsiedlung]], the Slovincians, like most of the other [[Wends]], gradually became Germanized. The [[Protestant Reformation|adoption of Lutheranism]] in the [[Duchy of Pomerania]] in 1534<ref>{{Cite book|last=Buchholz|first=Werner|title=Pommern, Siedler|year=1999|pages=205–220|isbn=3-88680-272-8}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=du Moulin Eckart|first=Richard|title=Geschichte der deutschen Universitäten|publisher=Georg Olms Verlag|year=1976|pages=111, 112|isbn=3-487-06078-7}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Krause|first1=Gerhard|last2=Robert|first2=Horst Balz|editor-first= Gerhard |editor-last= Müller|editor-link= Gerhard Müller (Lutheran theologian)|publisher= [[De Gruyter]] |title=[[Theologische Realenzyklopädie]] |year=1997|page=43ff|isbn=3-11-015435-8}}</ref> distinguished the Slovincians from the [[Kashubes]] in [[Pomerelia]], who remained [[Roman Catholic]].{{sfn|Comrie|Corbett|2002|pp=762}} In the 16th century, "Slovincian" was also applied to the Slavic speakers in the [[Bytów]] (Bütow) region further south.{{sfn|Comrie|Corbett|2002|pp=762}}

In the 16th and 17th century, [[Michael Brüggemann]] (also known as Pontanus or Michał Mostnik), Simon Krofey (Szimon Krofej), and J.M. Sporgius introduced Kashubian into the Lutheran Church. Krofey, [[pastor]] in [[Bytów]] (Bütow), published a religious song book in 1586, written in Polish but also containing some Kashubian words. Brüggemann, pastor in [[Schmolsin]], published a Polish translation of some works of [[Martin Luther]] and biblical texts, also containing Kashubian elements. Other biblical texts were published in 1700 by Sporgius, pastor in Schmolsin. His ''Schmolsiner Perikopen'', most of which is written in the same Polish-Kashubian style of Krofey's and Brüggemann's books, also contain small passages ("6th Sunday after Epiphanias") written in pure Kashubian.<ref>Peter Hauptmann, Günther Schulz, Kirche im Osten: Studien zur osteuropäischen Kirchengeschichte und Kirchenkunde, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2000, pp.44ff, {{ISBN|3-525-56393-0}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=qHL3-GAJE-YC&dq=slowinzen&pg=PA44]</ref>

Hilferding (1862) and [[Parczewski]] (1896) confirmed a progressive language shift in the Kashubian population from their Slavonic vernacular to the local German dialect ([[Low German]] [[Ostpommersch]] or [[High German]], in eastern Kashubian areas also Low German [[Low Prussian]]).{{sfn|Gilbers|Nerbonne|Schaeken|2000|pp=329}}

By the 1920s, the Slovincian villages had become linguistically German, though a Slovincian consciousness remained.{{sfn|Comrie|Corbett|2002|pp=762}} The area remained within the borders of Germany until becoming part of Poland after World War II ended in 1945 and [[History of Pomerania (1945-present)|the area became Polish]]. Some Slovincians were [[Flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland during and after World War II|expelled along with the German population]], some were allowed to remain.{{sfn|Comrie|Corbett|2002|pp=762}} In the 1950s, mainly in the village of [[Kluki, Pomeranian Voivodeship|Kluki]] (formerly Klucken), a few elderly people still remembered fragments of Slovincian.{{sfn|Comrie|Corbett|2002|pp=762}}

Slovincians began to ask for the right to emigrate to West Germany, and virtually all of the remaining Slovincian families had emigrated there by the 1980s.