Editing Sedimentary basin (section)

=== Strike-slip deformation ===
[[File:Pull apart basin.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|Shematic diagram of a strike-slip tectonic setting with fault bends creating areas of transtension and transpression]]
In [[Strike-slip tectonics|strike-slip tectonic]] settings, deformation of the lithosphere occurs primarily in the plane of Earth as a result of near horizontal maximum and minimum [[Stress (mechanics)#Principal stresses and stress invariants|principal stresses]]. Faults associated with these plate boundaries are primarily vertical. Wherever these vertical fault planes encounter bends, movement along the fault can create local areas of compression or tension.

When the curve in the fault plane moves apart, a region of ''[[transtension]]'' occurs and sometimes is large enough and long-lived enough to create a sedimentary basin often called a [[pull-apart basin]] or strike-slip basin.<ref name=BusbyIngersoll/> These basins are often roughly rhombohedral in shape and may be called a ''rhombochasm''. A classic rhombochasm is illustrated by the [[Dead Sea]] rift, where northward movement of the [[Arabian Plate]] relative to the [[Anatolian Plate]] has created a strike slip basin.

The opposite effect is that of ''[[transpression]]'', where converging movement of a curved fault plane causes collision of the opposing sides of the fault. An example is the [[San Bernardino Mountains]] north of Los Angeles, which result from convergence along a curve in the [[San Andreas Fault]] system. The [[Northridge earthquake]] was caused by vertical movement along local thrust and reverse faults "bunching up" against the bend in the otherwise strike-slip fault environment.