Editing Second Epistle of Peter (section)

==Content==
In both content and style this letter is very different from [[1 Peter]]. Its author, like the author of the [[Gospel of Luke]] and the [[Acts of the Apostles]], is familiar with literary conventions, writing in a more elevated [[Koine Greek]] than, for example, [[Paul the Apostle|Paul's]] writings or the [[Gospel of Mark]].<ref>Helmut Koester, 1982, Introduction to the New Testament, Vol. One: History, Culture and Religion of the Hellenistic Age, Fortress Press/Walter de Gruyter. pp. 107–10.</ref> Gorgianic figures are used which are characteristic of Asian rhetoric ([[Asiatic style|Asianism]]),<ref>Reicke 1964, 146–47.</ref><ref>Kelly 1969, 228.</ref> with style similar to that of [[Ignatius of Antioch|Ignatius]] and the [[Epistle to Diognetus]].<ref>Aune, David E. (2003). The Westminster Dictionary of New Testament and Early Christian Literature and Rhetoric. Westminster John Knox Press. pp. 199</ref> This leads some scholars to think that, like 1 Peter, the letter is addressed to Gentile Christians in [[Asia Minor]].<ref>Köstenberger, Andreas J; Kellum, Scott L, and Quarles, Charles L. (2012). The Lion and the Lamb. B&H Publishing Group, pp. 338–39</ref><ref>Chaine 1939, 32–3.</ref><ref>Knoch 1990, 199.</ref>

The [[epistle]] presciently declares that it is written shortly before the apostle's death (1:14), an assertion that may not have been part of the original text. Arguments for and against the assertion being original are based largely on the acceptance or rejection of supernatural intervention in the life of the writer.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3211XRR5WHcC&pg=126|title=The Letters of 2 Peter and Jude|last= Davids|first=Peter H.|publisher= Wm. B. Eerdmans |year=2006|isbn= 978-0-80283726-4|page =126}}</ref>

The epistle contains eleven references to the [[Old Testament]]. In 3:15-16 a reference is made to one of [[Paul of Tarsus|Paul]]'s epistles, which some have identified as ''3:10a'' with [[1 Thessalonians|1 Thess.]] 5:2; ''3:14'' with 1 Thess. 5:23.{{Efn|The alleged citation of 1 Thess 5:2 in 2 Pet 3:10 is a disputed allusion. Duane F. Watson, Terranee Callan, and Dennis Farkasfalvy identify the allusion to 1 Thessalonians. Michael J. Gilmour, on the other hand, disputes the identification of the allusion.<ref>Werse 2016, 112.</ref>}}

The author of 2 Peter had a relationship with the Gospel tradition, mainly in the [[Transfiguration of Jesus]], ''1:4'' with Mark 9:1; ''1:11'' with Mark 9:1; ''1:16,18'' with Mark 9:2-10; ''1:17'' with Matthew 17:5; ''1:19'' with Mark 9:4;<ref>Longenecker, Richard N. (2005). Contours of Christology in the New Testament, pp 280–81.</ref> and in the promise of the [[Second Coming]], ''3:10b'' with Mark 13:31 or Luke 21:33.<ref>Werse 2016, 124.</ref>

The book also shares a number of passages with the [[Epistle of Jude]], ''1:5'' with Jude 3; ''1:12'' with Jude 5; ''2:1'' with Jude 4; ''2:4'' with Jude 6; ''2:5'' with Jude 5; ''2:6'' with Jude 7; ''2:10–11'' with Jude 8–9; ''2:12'' with Jude 10; ''2:13–17'' with Jude 11–13; ''2:18'' with Jude 16; ''3:2f'' with Jude 17f; ''3:3'' with Jude 18; ''3:14'' with Jude 24; and ''3:18'' with Jude 25.<ref name="T. Callan 2004 pp. 42-64">T. Callan, "Use of the Letter of Jude by the Second Letter of Peter", ''[[Biblica (journal)|Biblica]]'' 85 (2004), pp. 42–64.</ref> Because the Epistle of Jude is much shorter than 2 Peter, and due to various stylistic details, the scholarly consensus is that Jude was the source for the similar passages of 2 Peter.<ref name="T. Callan 2004 pp. 42-64"/><ref>The Westminster dictionary of New Testament and early Christian literature, David Edward Aune, p. 256</ref>

[[Tartarus]] is mentioned in 2 Peter 2:4 as devoted to the holding of certain [[fallen angel]]s. It is elaborated on in Jude 6. Jude 6, however, is a clear reference to the [[Book of Enoch]]. [[Richard Bauckham|Bauckham]] suggests that 2 Peter 2:4 is partially dependent on Jude 6 but is independently drawing on paraenetic tradition that also lies behind Jude 5–7. The paraenetic traditions are found in [[Sirach]] 16:7–10, [[Damascus Document]] 2:17–3:12, [[3 Maccabees]] 2:4–7, [[Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs|Testament of Naphtali]] 3:4–5, and Mishna Sanhedrin 10:3.<ref>Christian-Jewish Relations Through the Centuries By Stanley E. Porter, Brook W. R. Pearson</ref>