Editing Scholarship (section)

=== Federal expansion and modernization of aid ===
The introduction of standardized testing became a turning point for scholarship distribution. In the 1930s, Harvard developed the [[SAT|Scholastic Aptitude Test]] (SAT) to identify talented students for scholarship funding, promoting merit-based aid rather than need-based aid.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Lemann |first=Nicholas |title=The big test: the secret history of the American meritocracy |date=November 16, 2000 |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |isbn=978-0-374-52751-8 |edition= |location=New York |language=en}}</ref> Following [[World War II]], the U.S. passed the [[G.I. Bill|Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944]] (G.I. Bill), which dramatically expanded access to education through government scholarships and loans for veterans. This development marked a shift toward greater governmental responsibility in financing and coordinating higher education.<ref name=":0" />