Editing San Jose, California (section)

== Geography ==
[[File:San Jose, California - Map of City Regions & Districts No Color.jpg|left|thumb|Map of San Jose's regions/districts]]
San Jose is located within the [[Santa Clara Valley]], in the southern part of the [[San Francisco Bay Area|Bay Area]] in Northern California. The northernmost portion of San Jose touches [[San Francisco Bay]] at [[Alviso, San Jose|Alviso]], though most of the city lies away from the bayshore. According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{cvt|180.0|sqmi}}, making the fifth-largest city in California by land area (after Los Angeles, San Diego, [[California City, California|California City]], and Erie).<ref name="Census2010"/>

San Jose lies between the [[San Andreas Fault]], the source of the [[1989 Loma Prieta earthquake]], and the [[Calaveras Fault]]. San Jose is shaken by moderate earthquakes on average one or two times a year. These quakes originate just east of the city on the creeping section of the Calaveras Fault, which is a major source of earthquake activity in Northern California. On April 14, 1984, at 1:15&nbsp;pm local time, a 6.2 magnitude earthquake struck the Calaveras Fault near San Jose's Mount Hamilton.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Nature and Tectonic Significance of Fault Zone Weakening |author=R. E. Holdsworth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K1sFPEjiwiAC&q=Calaveras+Fault+San+Jose+earthquake+1984&pg=PA15 |first2=R. A. |last2=Strachan |first3=J. |last3=Magloughlin |first4=R. J. |last4=Knipe |year=2001 |isbn=978-1-86239-090-4 |page=15 |publisher=Geological Society of London |access-date=November 20, 2020 |archive-date=April 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423094456/https://books.google.com/books?id=K1sFPEjiwiAC&q=Calaveras+Fault+San+Jose+earthquake+1984&pg=PA15 |url-status=live }}</ref> The most serious earthquake, in 1906, damaged many buildings in San Jose as described earlier. Earlier significant quakes rocked the city in 1839, 1851, 1858, 1864, 1865, [[1868 Hayward earthquake|1868]], and 1891. The [[Daly City, California|Daly City]] Earthquake of 1957 caused some damage. The [[Loma Prieta earthquake]] of 1989 also did some damage to parts of the city.

=== Cityscape ===
San Jose's expansion was made by the design of [[A. P. Hamann|"Dutch" Hamann]], the City Manager from 1950 to 1969. During his administration, with his staff referred to as "Dutch's [[Panzer division (Wehrmacht)|Panzer Division]]", the city annexed property 1,389 times,<ref name=Campbell>{{cite news |last=Safford |first=Pat |date=November 17, 2010 |url=http://www.tabardtheatre.org/reviews/cambexprs_Driving_rvw.pdf |title=The legacy of Dutch Hamann plagues Cambrian residents, Annexation Background |newspaper=Campbell Express |volume=59 |issue=45 |page=1 |access-date=November 9, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110031551/http://www.tabardtheatre.org/reviews/cambexprs_Driving_rvw.pdf |archive-date=November 10, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> growing the city from {{cvt|17|to|149|sqmi}},<ref>{{cite news |author=Don Mccormack |url=http://www.sfgate.com/realestate/article/San-Jose-Reality-not-reputation-3138794.php |title=San Jose: Reality, not reputation |newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle |date=July 16, 1995 |access-date=July 8, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110021241/http://www.sfgate.com/realestate/article/San-Jose-Reality-not-reputation-3138794.php |archive-date=November 10, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> absorbing the communities named above, changing their status to "neighborhoods."

{{Blockquote|text=They say San José is going to become another Los Angeles. Believe me, I'm going to do everything in my power to make that come true. |author="Dutch" Hamann, 1965<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldwatch.org/system/files/EP121A.pdf |title=Virtual Ecology – A Brief Environmental History of Silicon Valley |last=Sachs |first=Aaron |page=15 |work=World-Watch |publisher=Worldwatch.org |date=January–February 1999 |access-date=November 9, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110022816/http://www.worldwatch.org/system/files/EP121A.pdf |archive-date=November 10, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}

Sales taxes were a chief source of revenue. Hamann would determine where major shopping areas would be, and then annex narrow bands of land along major roadways leading to those locations, pushing "tentacles" or "finger areas" across the Santa Clara Valley and, in turn, walling off the expansion of adjacent communities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sanjoseinside.com/news/entries/dutch_hamann/ |title=Dutch Hamann – Part One |publisher=San Jose Inside |date=January 16, 2006 |access-date=July 8, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110022621/http://www.sanjoseinside.com/news/entries/dutch_hamann/ |archive-date=November 10, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{sfn|Arbuckle|1986|p=62}}<ref>{{cite news|title=S.J., Cupertino Border Realignment Studied|work=San Jose Mercury|location=San Jose, California|date=August 6, 1974|page=11|via=NewsBank}}</ref>

{{wide image|Downtown Skyline from Oak Hill (cropped).jpg|1000px|align-cap=center|View of [[Downtown San Jose]]'s skyline from [[Oak Hill Memorial Park]]}}

During his reign, it was said the City Council would vote according to Hamann's nod. In 1963, the State of California imposed [[Local Agency Formation Commission]]s statewide, but largely to try to maintain order with San Jose's aggressive growth. Eventually the political forces against growth grew as local neighborhoods bonded together to elect their own candidates, ending Hamann's influence and leading to his resignation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sanjoseinside.com/news/entries/dutch_hamann1/ |title=Dutch Hamann – Part Two |date=January 16, 2006 |publisher=San Jose Inside |access-date=July 8, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110022715/http://www.sanjoseinside.com/news/entries/dutch_hamann1/ |archive-date=November 10, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> While the job was not complete, the trend was set. The city had defined its sphere of influence in all directions, sometimes chaotically leaving unincorporated pockets to be swallowed up by the behemoth, sometimes even at the objection of the residents.<ref name=Campbell/>

Major thoroughfares in the city include [[Monterey Road]], the [[Stevens Creek Boulevard]]/[[San Carlos Street]] corridor, [[Santa Clara Street]]/[[Alum Rock Avenue]] corridor, [[Almaden Expressway]], [[Capitol Expressway]], [[1st Street (San Jose)]], and Lawrence Expy.

=== Topography ===
[[File:San Jose and Silicon Valley Skyline Oct 2017.jpg|thumb|left|The [[Santa Clara Valley]] experiences a [[Mediterranean climate]], with an average of 301 days of sunshine.]]
[[File:San Jose by Sentinel-2, 2019-03-11.jpg|alt=|thumb|A satellite image of the [[Santa Clara Valley]] near San Jose; the city makes up most of the urbanization in the center of the valley.]]
[[File:Map of the major hill and mountain ranges in San Jose, California.png|thumb|right|Map of the major hill and mountain ranges in San Jose: {{legend|#FF9966|[[Sierra Azul]] ([[Santa Cruz Mountains]])}}{{legend|#CCCCFF|[[Santa Teresa Hills]]}}{{legend|#FFFACD|[[San Juan Bautista Hills]]}}{{legend|#98FB98|[[Silver Creek Hills]]}}{{legend|#FF91A4|[[Diablo Range|Diablo Mountains]]}}{{legend|#B2FFFF|[[Los Buellis Hills]]}} ]]
The [[Guadalupe River (California)|Guadalupe River]] runs from the [[Santa Cruz Mountains]] flowing north through San Jose, ending in the San Francisco Bay at [[Alviso, California|Alviso]]. Along the southern part of the river is the neighborhood of [[Almaden Valley]], originally named for the mercury mines which produced mercury needed for gold extraction from [[quartz]] during the [[California gold rush]] as well as [[mercury fulminate]] blasting caps and detonators for the U.S. military from 1870 to 1945.<ref>{{cite report |title=Final Environmental Impact Report, Almaden Quicksilver Park |author=David Crimp |author2=Leda Patmore |author3=C. Michael Hogan |author4=Harry Seidman |author5=Vivian Paparigian |website=Santa Clara County Parks and Recreation Department |date=1976}}</ref> East of the Guadalupe River, [[Coyote Creek (Santa Clara County)|Coyote Creek]] also flows to south San Francisco Bay and originates on [[Mount Sizer]] near [[Henry W. Coe State Park]] and the surrounding hills in the [[Diablo Range]], northeast of [[Morgan Hill, California]].

The lowest point in San Jose is {{cvt|13|ft|m}} below sea level at the San Francisco Bay in Alviso;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.journalism.sfsu.edu/www/pubs/prism/apr96/14.html |title=Sinking State |publisher=[[San Francisco State University]] |date=April 1996 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415014552/http://www.journalism.sfsu.edu/www/pubs/prism/apr96/14.html |archive-date=April 15, 2012 |access-date=November 9, 2013}}</ref> the highest is {{cvt|2,125|ft|m}}.<ref>{{cite web |author=Eastern Region Geography, Information Services |url=http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb//pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#Highest |title=Elevations and Distances |publisher=Egsc.usgs.gov |date=April 29, 2005 |access-date=October 21, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109183109/http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb//pubs/booklets/elvadist/elvadist.html#Highest |archive-date=November 9, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> Because of the proximity to [[Lick Observatory]] atop Mount Hamilton, San Jose has taken several steps to reduce [[light pollution]], including replacing all street lamps and outdoor lighting in private developments with [[low pressure sodium lamp]]s.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sanjoseca.gov/planning/counter/policies/pol_lighting.pdf |title=Outdoor lighting on private developments |author=San Jose City Council |date=March 1, 1983 |access-date=June 18, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060702090656/http://www.sanjoseca.gov/planning/counter/policies/pol_lighting.pdf |archive-date=July 2, 2006 |author-link=San Jose City Council }}</ref> To recognize the city's efforts, the [[asteroid]] [[6216 San Jose]] was named after the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucsc.edu/oncampus/currents/97-98/05-25/asteroid.htm |title=UCSC, Lick Observatory designate asteroid for the city of San Jose |publisher=[[University of California, Santa Cruz]] |date=May 25, 1998 |access-date=June 18, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070817095443/http://www.ucsc.edu/oncampus/currents/97-98/05-25/asteroid.htm |archive-date=August 17, 2007 }}</ref>

There are four distinct valleys in the city of San Jose: Almaden Valley, situated on the southwest fringe of the city; Evergreen Valley to the southeast, which is hilly all throughout its interior; Santa Clara Valley, which includes the flat, main urban expanse of the South Bay; and the rural [[Coyote Valley, California|Coyote Valley]], to the city's extreme southern fringe.<ref>{{cite report |title=Safe Passage for Coyote Valley: A Wildlife Linkage for the 101 Corridor |author1=Julie Phillips |author2=Ryan Phillips |author3=Neela Srinivasan |author4=Deborah Aso |author5=Wendy Lao |author6=Pat Cornely |date=2012 |publisher=[[De Anza College]] |location=Cupertino, California |url=http://www.deanza.edu/es/wildlifecorrproj/Safe%20Passagelowres.pdf |access-date=January 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927115425/http://www.deanza.edu/es/wildlifecorrproj/Safe%20Passagelowres.pdf |archive-date=September 27, 2013 }}</ref>

The extensive [[droughts in California]], coupled with the drainage of the reservoir at [[Anderson Lake (California)|Anderson Lake]] for [[seismic]] repairs, have strained the city's [[water security]].<ref>[https://gilroydispatch.com/anderson-reservoir-will-close-to-public-through-2030/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503124517/https://gilroydispatch.com/anderson-reservoir-will-close-to-public-through-2030/|date=May 3, 2022}} "Anderson Reservoir will close to public through 2030". Accessed March 30, 2022.</ref><ref>[https://morganhilltimes.com/anderson-reservoir-drained-to-3-percent-capacity/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503124510/https://morganhilltimes.com/anderson-reservoir-drained-to-3-percent-capacity/|date=May 3, 2022}} "Anderson Reservoir drained to 3 percent capacity". Accessed March 31, 2022.</ref> San Jose has suffered from lack of precipitation and [[water scarcity]] to the extent that some residents may run out of household water by the summer of 2022.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abc7news.com/rain-california-drought-2022-san-jose-weather-western/11571287/ |title=Some San Jose Residents Could Run Out of Water by Summer if Drought Continues, Expert Says |work=ABC7 News |access-date=June 3, 2022 |archive-date=August 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808190905/https://abc7news.com/amp/rain-california-drought-2022-san-jose-weather-western/11571287/ |url-status=live }}{{title missing|date=July 2022}}</ref>

=== Climate ===
San Jose, like most of the Bay Area, has a [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''[[Warm-summer Mediterranean|Csb]]''),<ref name="Nature">{{Cite journal |title=Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria. |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02549-6/tables/1 |journal=Nature|access-date=April 26, 2024 |archive-date=January 5, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105151210/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02549-6/tables/1 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/mtr/sfd_sjc_climate/sjc/SJC_CLIMATE3.php |title=Climate of San Jose |author=Miguel Miller |access-date=June 18, 2007 |publisher=National Weather Service |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041215213648/http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/mtr/sfd_sjc_climate/sjc/SJC_CLIMATE3.php |archive-date=December 15, 2004 |url-status=live }}</ref> with warm to hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. San Jose has an average of 298 days of sunshine and an annual mean temperature of {{cvt|61.4|°F|1}}. It lies inland, surrounded on three sides by mountains, and does not front the Pacific Ocean like San Francisco. As a result, the city is somewhat more sheltered from rain, barely avoiding a [[Cold semi-arid climate|cold semi-arid]] (''BSk'') climate.<ref name="Nature" />

Like most of the Bay Area, San Jose is made up of dozens of [[microclimate]]s. Because of a more prominent [[rain shadow]] from the Santa Cruz Mountains, Downtown San Jose experiences the lightest rainfall in the city, while South San Jose, only {{cvt|10|mi}} distant, experiences more rainfall, and somewhat more extreme temperatures.

The monthly daily average temperature ranges from around {{cvt|50|°F}} in December and January to around {{cvt|70|°F|0}} in July and August.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.accuweather.com/us/ca/san-jose/95113/forecast-month.asp |title=San Jose Month Weather |publisher=AccuWeather |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117201046/http://www.accuweather.com/us/ca/san-jose/95113/forecast-month.asp |archive-date=November 17, 2011}}</ref> The highest temperature ever recorded in San Jose was {{cvt|109|°F|C}} on September 6, 2022; the lowest was {{cvt|18|°F|1}} on January 6, 1894. On average, there are 2.7 mornings annually where the temperature drops to, or below, the freezing mark; and sixteen afternoons where the high reaches or exceeds {{cvt|90|°F|1|disp=or}}. [[Diurnal temperature variation]] is far wider than along the coast or in San Francisco but still a shadow of what is seen in the [[Central Valley (California)|Central Valley]].
[[File:Downtown san jose south market st.jpg|left|thumb|226x226px|[[The Tech Interactive]]]]
"Rain year" precipitation has ranged from {{cvt|4.83|in|mm|1}} between July 1876 and June 1877 to {{cvt|30.30|in|mm|1}} between July 1889 and June 1890, although at the current site since 1893 the range is from {{cvt|5.33|in|mm|1}} in "rain year" 2020–21 to {{cvt|30.25|in|mm|1}} in "rain year" 1982–83. 2020–2021 was the lowest precipitation year ever, in 127 years of precipitation records in San Jose. The most precipitation in one month was {{cvt|12.38|in|mm|1}} in January 1911. The maximum 24-hour rainfall was {{cvt|3.60|in|1}} on January 30, 1968. On August 16, 2020, one of the most widespread and strong thunderstorm events in recent Bay Area history occurred as an unstable humid air mass moved up from the south and triggered multiple dry thunderstorms<ref>{{cite web|url=https://w1.weather.gov/glossary/index.php?word=dry+thunderstorm|title=Glossary – NOAA's National Weather Service|first=NOAA's National Weather|last=Service|website=w1.weather.gov|access-date=July 3, 2021|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182609/https://w1.weather.gov/glossary/index.php?word=dry+thunderstorm|url-status=live}}</ref> which caused many fires to be ignited by 300+ lightning strikes in the surrounding hills. The CZU lightning complex fires took almost 5 months to fully be controlled. Over 86,000 acres were burned and nearly 1500 buildings were destroyed.<ref>{{cite web|url = https://www.msn.com/en-us/weather/topstories/lightning-sparks-multiple-fires-in-bay-area-santa-cruz-mountains/ar-BB181B0t|title = Lightning sparks multiple fires in Bay Area, Santa Cruz mountains|publisher = [[MSN]]|access-date = July 3, 2021|archive-date = July 9, 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182715/https://www.msn.com/en-us/weather/topstories/lightning-sparks-multiple-fires-in-bay-area-santa-cruz-mountains/ar-BB181B0t|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://wildlandfirefighter.com/2021/05/04/cal-fire-czu-lightning-complex-lessons-learned/|title=CAL FIRE: CZU Lightning Complex, Lessons Learned – the Wildland Firefighter|date=May 4, 2021|access-date=July 3, 2021|archive-date=July 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183001/https://wildlandfirefighter.com/2021/05/04/cal-fire-czu-lightning-complex-lessons-learned/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The snow level drops as low as {{cvt|4000|ft|-1}} above sea level, or lower, occasionally coating nearby [[Mount Hamilton (California)|Mount Hamilton]] and, less frequently, the [[Santa Cruz Mountains]], with snow that normally lasts a few days. Snow will snarl traffic traveling on [[California State Route 17|State Route 17]] towards [[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]]. Snow rarely falls in San Jose; the most recent snow to remain on the ground was on February 5, 1976, when many residents around the city saw as much as {{cvt|3|in|m}} on car and roof tops. The official observation station measured only {{cvt|0.5|in|m}} of snow.<ref>{{cite web
 |url = http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMONtsnf.pl?casjos
 |title = Monthly Total Snowfall (Inches)
 |publisher = Western Regional Climate Center
 |date = July 24, 2006
|access-date = June 12, 2013
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140629135724/http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMONtsnf.pl?casjos
 |archive-date = June 29, 2014
|url-status = live
 }}</ref>

{{Weather box
| location = [[San Jose International Airport]] (KSJC), California (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present)
| single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 79
| Feb record high F = 81
| Mar record high F = 89
| Apr record high F = 95
| May record high F = 102
| Jun record high F = 107
| Jul record high F = 108
| Aug record high F = 105
| Sep record high F = 109
| Oct record high F = 106
| Nov record high F = 85
| Dec record high F = 79
| year record high F = 
| Jan avg record high F = 68.2
| Feb avg record high F = 73.2
| Mar avg record high F = 79.1
| Apr avg record high F = 85.7
| May avg record high F = 89.8
| Jun avg record high F = 96.9
| Jul avg record high F = 95.0
| Aug avg record high F = 95.7
| Sep avg record high F = 95.7
| Oct avg record high F = 89.4
| Nov avg record high F = 77.5
| Dec avg record high F = 68.0
| year avg record high F = 99.8
| Jan high F = 59.8
| Feb high F = 62.4
| Mar high F = 65.9
| Apr high F = 69.2
| May high F = 73.8
| Jun high F = 79.1
| Jul high F = 80.8
| Aug high F = 81.4
| Sep high F = 80.7
| Oct high F = 75.8
| Nov high F = 66.1
| Dec high F = 59.5
| year high F = 71.2
| Jan mean F = 50.8
| Feb mean F = 53.2
| Mar mean F = 56.1
| Apr mean F = 58.8
| May mean F = 63.0
| Jun mean F = 67.3
| Jul mean F = 69.5
| Aug mean F = 70.0
| Sep mean F = 69.0
| Oct mean F = 64.3
| Nov mean F = 55.9
| Dec mean F = 50.6
| year mean F = 60.7
| Jan low F = 41.8
| Feb low F = 43.9
| Mar low F = 46.3
| Apr low F = 48.4
| May low F = 52.1
| Jun low F = 55.5
| Jul low F = 58.1
| Aug low F = 58.6
| Sep low F = 57.2
| Oct low F = 52.7
| Nov low F = 45.7
| Dec low F = 41.7
| year low F = 50.2
| Jan avg record low F = 32.6
| Feb avg record low F = 35.0
| Mar avg record low F = 38.1
| Apr avg record low F = 41.3
| May avg record low F = 46.1
| Jun avg record low F = 50.1
| Jul avg record low F = 53.8
| Aug avg record low F = 53.9
| Sep avg record low F = 50.8
| Oct avg record low F = 45.5
| Nov avg record low F = 36.8
| Dec avg record low F = 32.2
| year avg record low F = 30.7
| Jan record low F = 18
| Feb record low F = 24
| Mar record low F = 25
| Apr record low F = 26
| May record low F = 32
| Jun record low F = 33
| Jul record low F = 40
| Aug record low F = 39
| Sep record low F = 35
| Oct record low F = 30
| Nov record low F = 22
| Dec record low F = 19
| year record low F = 18
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain inch = 2.97
| Feb rain inch = 3.24
| Mar rain inch = 2.64
| Apr rain inch = 1.24
| May rain inch = 0.54
| Jun rain inch = 0.17
| Jul rain inch = 0.01
| Aug rain inch = 0.03
| Sep rain inch = 0.07
| Oct rain inch = 0.80
| Nov rain inch = 1.36
| Dec rain inch = 3.07
| year rain inch = 16.14
| unit rain days = 0.01 in
| Jan rain days = 10.2
| Feb rain days = 11.5
| Mar rain days = 9.3
| Apr rain days = 6.4
| May rain days = 4.0
| Jun rain days = 1.2
| Jul rain days = 0.2
| Aug rain days = 0.4
| Sep rain days = 0.9
| Oct rain days = 2.7
| Nov rain days = 6.9
| Dec rain days = 10.7
| source 1 = [[NOAA]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00047821&format=pdf |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |title=Summary of Monthly Normals 1991–2020 |access-date=May 13, 2021 |archive-date=May 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513034542/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USC00047821&format=pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 |url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=mtr
 |title = NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data
 |publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
 |access-date = February 27, 2019
|archive-date = April 18, 2019
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190418234102/https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=mtr
 |url-status = live
 }}</ref>
| source = 
}}

===Neighborhoods and districts===
{{main|Category:Neighborhoods in San Jose, California}}

Since 2020/2022, the City of San José is divided into 10 different City Council Districts<ref>^ [https://www.sanjoseca.gov/your-government/departments-offices/planning-building-code-enforcement/planning-division/maps-commonly-used-for-planning/city-council-districts-map ”City Council Districts Map Formation od Council Dostricts”]. Läst 17 mars 2025.</ref>

The city is generally divided into the following areas: Central San Jose (centered on [[Downtown San Jose]]), [[West San Jose]], [[North San Jose]], [[East San Jose]], and [[South San Jose]]. Many of San Jose's districts and neighborhoods were previously [[unincorporated area|unincorporated communities]] or separate municipalities that were later annexed by the city.

Besides those mentioned above, some well-known communities within San Jose include [[Japantown, San Jose|Japantown]], [[Rose Garden, San Jose|Rose Garden]], [[Midtown San Jose]], [[Willow Glen, San Jose|Willow Glen]], [[Naglee Park, San Jose|Naglee Park]], [[Burbank, Santa Clara County, California|Burbank]], [[Winchester, San Jose|Winchester]], [[Alviso, San Jose|Alviso]], [[East Foothills, California|East Foothills]], [[Alum Rock, San Jose|Alum Rock]], [[Communications Hill, San Jose|Communications Hill]], [[Little Portugal, San Jose|Little Portugal]], [[Blossom Valley, San Jose|Blossom Valley]], [[Cambrian, San Jose|Cambrian]], [[Almaden Valley, San Jose|Almaden Valley]], [[Little Saigon, San Jose|Little Saigon]], [[Silver Creek Valley]], [[Evergreen, San Jose|Evergreen Valley]], [[Mayfair, San Jose|Mayfair]], [[Edenvale, San Jose|Edenvale]], [[Santa Teresa, San Jose|Santa Teresa]], [[Seven Trees, San Jose|Seven Trees]], [[Coyote Valley, California|Coyote Valley]], and [[Berryessa, San Jose|Berryessa]].
A distinct ethnic enclave in San Jose is the [[Washington-Guadalupe, San Jose|Washington-Guadalupe]] neighborhood, immediately south of the [[SoFA District]]; this neighborhood is home to a community of [[Hispanics and Latinos in California|Hispanics]], centered on Willow Street.
<gallery mode="packed" heights="100" caption="Selection of [[:Category:Neighborhoods in San Jose, California|neighborhoods in San Jose]] ">
File:Almaden Lake Park 1.4.jpg|[[Almaden Valley, San Jose|Almaden Valley]]
File:Stockton_Ave_in_The_Alameda_district_4234_(cropped).jpg|[[The Alameda, San Jose|The Alameda]]
File:SAN JOSE CALIFORNIA BAYAREA01 (cropped2).jpg|[[Downtown San Jose]]
File:Evergreen Village Square 0054 (cropped).jpg|[[Evergreen, San Jose|Evergreen]]
File:Church_of_the_Five_Wounds,_San_Jose,_California.jpg|[[Little Portugal, San Jose|Little Portugal]]
File:San Jose Obon Festival 2009 1.1.jpg|[[Japantown, San Jose|Japantown]]
File:Berryessa, San Jose 3525 (cropped).jpg|[[Berryessa, San Jose|Berryessa]]
File:Valencia_Hotel,_Santana_Row_(cropped).jpg|[[Santana Row]]
File:SoFA District Skyline.jpg|[[SoFA District]]
File:View_of_Vilaggio_St_in_North_SJ_(cropped).jpeg|[[Rincon de los Esteros, San Jose|Rincon de los Esteros / Golden Triangle]]
File:Garden Theatre, Downtown Willow Glen, San Jose.jpg|[[Willow Glen, San Jose|Willow Glen]]
File:Sacred Heart Church, Washington-Guadalupe, San Jose (cropped).jpg|[[Washington-Guadalupe, San Jose|Washington-Guadalupe]]
File:Downtown_Alum_Rock_0661.jpg|[[Alum Rock, San Jose|Alum Rock]]
File:Midtown San Jose 34232 (cropped2).jpg|[[Midtown San Jose]]
File:Shops in Rose Garden, San Jose 1008 (cropped).jpg|[[Rose Garden, San Jose|Rose Garden]]
File:Interesection of Charlotte & Raleigh (cropped).jpg|[[Santa Teresa, San Jose|Santa Teresa]]
File:Alviso Fireworks II (50797573702) (cropped2).jpg|[[Alviso, San Jose|Alviso]]
</gallery>

=== Parks ===
{{Parks and Public Spaces of San Jose|state=collapsed}}
[[File:McKinley memorial, St. James Park, San Jose, California.jpg|thumb|185px|President [[William McKinley]] memorial in [[St. James Park (San Jose)|St. James Park]]]]
[[File:Lower pond at Japanese Friendship Garden in San Jose.JPG|thumb|185px|[[Japanese Friendship Garden (San Jose)|Japanese Friendship Garden]]]]
[[File:River_Oaks_Park_(13773573193)_(cropped).jpg|thumb|185px|[[River Oaks Park]] in [[North San Jose|North SJ]]]]
San Jose possesses about {{cvt|15950|acres|0}} of parkland in its city limits, including a part of the expansive [[Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge]]. The city's oldest park is [[Alum Rock Park]], established in 1872.<ref>[http://www.sanjoseca.gov/?nid=2819 "Alum Rock Park"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140316023121/http://www.sanjoseca.gov/?nid=2819 |date=March 16, 2014 }} ''City of San Jose''. Retrieved on July 9, 2013.</ref>
* [[Almaden Quicksilver County Park]], {{cvt|4,147|acre|km2}} of former mercury mines in South San Jose (operated and maintained by the [[Santa Clara County Parks and Recreation Department]]).
* [[Alum Rock Park]], {{cvt|718|acre|km2}} in East San Jose, the oldest municipal park in California and one of the largest municipal parks in the United States.
* [[Children's Discovery Museum of San Jose|Children's Discovery Museum]] hosts an outdoor park-like setting, featuring the world's largest permanent Monopoly game, per the Guinness Book of World Records.<ref>{{cite web |title = Monopoly in the Park|url = http://www.monopolyinthepark.com/index.html |website = monopolyinthepark.com |access-date = December 23, 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151224052613/http://www.monopolyinthepark.com/index.html |archive-date = December 24, 2015 |url-status = live}}</ref> Caretakers for this attraction include the 501(c)3 non-profit group Monopoly in the Park.
* [[Circle of Palms Plaza]], a ring of palm trees surrounding a California state seal and historical landmark at the site of the first state capitol
* [[Emma Prusch Farm Park]], {{cvt|43.5|acres|1|abbr=off}} in East San Jose. Donated by Emma Prusch to demonstrate the valley's agricultural past, it includes a [[4-H]] barn (the largest in San Jose), community gardens, a rare-fruit orchard, demonstration gardens, picnic areas, and expanses of lawn.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sanjoseca.gov/prns/regionalparks/pfp/ |title=Emma Prusch Farm Park |publisher=City of San Jose |work=Parks, Recreation & Neighborhood Services |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050310065030/http://www.sanjoseca.gov/prns/regionalparks/pfp/ |archive-date=March 10, 2005 |access-date=November 9, 2013}}</ref> Chickens, ducks, and peafowl roam the park freely.
* Field Sports Park, Santa Clara County's only publicly owned firing range, located in south San Jose<ref>{{cite web |title=Field Sports Park |url=http://www.sccgov.org/sites/parks/parkfinder/Pages/Field-Sports-Park.aspx |website=sccgov.org |access-date=June 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140721185334/https://www.sccgov.org/sites/parks/parkfinder/Pages/Field-Sports-Park.aspx |archive-date=July 21, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* Iris Chang Park, located in North San Jose, is dedicated to the memory of [[Iris Chang|Iris Shun-Ru Chang]], author of [[The Rape of Nanking (book)|The Rape of Nanking]] and a San Jose resident.
* [[Kelley Park]], including diverse facilities such as [[Happy Hollow Park & Zoo]] (a child-centric amusement park), the [[Japanese Friendship Garden (Kelley Park)]], [[History Park at Kelley Park]], and the [[Portuguese Historical Museum]] within the history park
* [[Martial Cottle Park]], a former agricultural farm, in South San Jose. Operated by [[Santa Clara County Parks and Recreation Department]]
* [[Oak Hill Memorial Park]], California's oldest secular cemetery
* [[Overfelt Gardens]], including the [[Chinese Cultural Garden]]
* [[Plaza de César Chávez]], a small park in Downtown, hosts outdoor concerts and the [[Christmas in the Park (San Jose)|Christmas in the Park]] display
* [[Raging Waters]], [[water park]] with [[water slide]]s and other water attractions. This sits within [[Lake Cunningham]] Park
* [[Rosicrucian Park]], nearly an entire city block in the Rose Garden neighborhood; the Park offers a setting of Egyptian and Moorish architecture set among lawns, rose gardens, statuary, and fountains, and includes the [[Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum]], Planetarium, Research Library, Peace Garden and Visitors Center
* [[San Jose Municipal Rose Garden]], {{cvt|5+1/2|acre|m2}} park in the Rose Garden neighborhood, featuring over 4,000 rose bushes
* Selma Olinder Park,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sanjoseca.gov/Home/Components/FacilityDirectory/FacilityDirectory/2377/ |title=Facility Directory Table List Selma Olinder Park |access-date=February 3, 2025 |publisher=City of San Jose }}</ref> a small park at the [[Coyote Creek (Santa Clara County)|Cayote Creek]], between Neglee and Olinder.

==== Trails ====
[[File:Jrb 20090614 guadalupe reservoir 001.JPG|thumb|[[Guadalupe Reservoir]] at [[Almaden Quicksilver County Park]]]]

San Jose's trail network of {{cvt|60|mi|km|-1}} of recreational and active transportation trails throughout the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sjparks.org/trails/doc/TrailStatus1-30-08.pdf |title=Network Status Table |date=January 30, 2008 |access-date=March 31, 2008 |publisher=City of San Jose |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408231036/http://www.sjparks.org/trails/doc/TrailStatus1-30-08.pdf |archive-date=April 8, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> The major trails in the network include:
* [[Coyote Creek Trail]]
* [[Guadalupe River Trail]]
* [[Los Gatos Creek Trail]]
* [[Los Alamitos Creek Trail]]
* [[Penitencia Creek Trail]]
* Silver Creek Valley Trail

This large urban trail network, recognized by Prevention Magazine as the nation's largest, is linked to trails in surrounding jurisdictions and many rural trails in surrounding open space and foothills. Several trail systems within the network are designated as part of the National Recreation Trail, as well as regional trails such as the San Francisco Bay Trail and Bay Area Ridge Trail.

==== Wildlife ====
Early written documents record the local presence of migrating salmon in the Rio Guadalupe dating as far back as the 18th century.<ref>{{cite web |title=Historical distribution and current status of steelhead/rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in streams of the San Francisco Estuary, California |author=Leidy, R.A. |author2=G.S. Becker |author3=B.N. Harvey |url=http://www.cemar.org/pdf/santaclara.pdf |publisher=Center for Ecosystem Management and Restoration, Oakland, California. |year=2005 |access-date=October 21, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725152116/http://www.cemar.org/pdf/santaclara.pdf |archive-date=July 25, 2011 }}</ref> Both [[Rainbow trout|steelhead]] (''Oncorhynchus mykiss'') and [[Chinook salmon|King salmon]] are extant in the [[Guadalupe River (California)|Guadalupe River]], making San Jose the southernmost major U. S. city with known salmon spawning runs, the other cities being [[Anchorage, Alaska|Anchorage]]; [[Seattle]]; [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]] and [[Sacramento, California|Sacramento]].<ref>{{cite web |title= Chinook Salmon |publisher= NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service – Salmon Populations – Chinook |url= http://www.nwr.noaa.gov/ESA-Salmon-Listings/Salmon-Populations/Chinook/Index.cfm |access-date= September 13, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100911162442/http://www.nwr.noaa.gov/ESA-Salmon-Listings/Salmon-Populations/Chinook/Index.cfm |archive-date= September 11, 2010 }}{{failed verification |date=November 2013}}</ref> Runs of up to 1,000 [[Chinook Salmon|Chinook or King Salmon]] (''Oncorhynchus tshawytscha'') swam up the Guadalupe River each fall in the 1990s, but have all but vanished in the current decade apparently blocked from access to breeding grounds by impassable culverts, weirs and wide, exposed and flat concrete paved channels installed by the [[Santa Clara Valley Water District]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Sensitive Fish Species in the Santa Cruz Mountains Bioregion |publisher=Santa Cruz Mountains Bioregional Council |year=2004 |url=http://www.scmbc.net/sensitivefish.htm |access-date=October 21, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100629144856/http://www.scmbc.net/sensitivefish.htm |archive-date=June 29, 2010 }}</ref> In 2011 a small number of Chinook salmon were filmed spawning under the Julian Street bridge.<ref>{{cite web |title=Guadalupe River King Salmon Spawn under Julian Street bridge, Fall, 2011 |author=Greg Kerekes |via=YouTube |date=November 14, 2011 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNMrODZ_Hgk |access-date=October 21, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130202021348/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNMrODZ_Hgk |archive-date=February 2, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Conservationist Roger Castillo, who discovered the remains of a mammoth on the banks of the Guadalupe River in 2005, found that a herd of [[tule elk]] (''Cervus canadensis'') had recolonized the hills of south San Jose east of Highway 101 in early 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title=Tule Elk Make Remarkable Comeback in South San Jose Hills |author=Len Ramirez |date=January 24, 2019 |url=https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2019/01/24/tule-elk-make-remarkable-comeback-in-south-san-jose-hills/ |access-date=January 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190126011854/https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2019/01/24/tule-elk-make-remarkable-comeback-in-south-san-jose-hills/ |archive-date=January 26, 2019 }}</ref>

At the southern edge of San José, [[Coyote Valley, California|Coyote Valley]] is a corridor for wildlife migration between the [[Santa Cruz Mountains]] and the [[Diablo Range]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/Coyote-Valley-vital-as-wildlife-corridor-3225361.php |title=Coyote Valley vital as wildlife corridor |work=San Francisco Chronicle |access-date=November 9, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109081430/http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/Coyote-Valley-vital-as-wildlife-corridor-3225361.php |archive-date=November 9, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Coyote Valley Crossings |author=Laura Hautala |magazine=Bay Nature |date=January 1, 2009 |url=http://baynature.org/articles/coyote-valley-crossings/ |access-date=January 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928024717/http://baynature.org/articles/coyote-valley-crossings/ |archive-date=September 28, 2013 }}</ref>