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===''Émigré'' writers=== {{Quote box|quote=I am an American writer, born in Russia, educated in England, where I studied French literature before moving to Germany for fifteen years. ... My head speaks English, my heart speaks Russian, and my ear speaks French.|source=[[Vladimir Nabokov]], from the interview|align=right|width=41%}} Usually, Russian ''émigré'' literature is understood as the works of the [[white émigré]], namely the first post-Revolutionary wave, although in the broad sense of the word, it also includes [[Soviet dissidents]] of the late years through the 1980s.{{sfn|Kahn|Lipovetsky|Reyfman|Sandler|2018|pp=536–542}} Meanwhile, émigré writers, such as poets [[Georgy Ivanov]], [[Vyacheslav Ivanov (poet)|Vyacheslav Ivanov]], [[Vladislav Khodasevich]], [[surrealism|surrealist]] Boris Poplavsky (1903–1935), and members of the 1920s–50s Paris Note (French: ''Note parisienne'') Russian poetry movement ([[Georgy Adamovich]], Igor Chinnov, [[George Ivask]], [[Anatoly Shteiger]], Lidia Tcherminskaia); novelists such as [[M. Ageyev]], [[Mark Aldanov]], [[Gaito Gazdanov]], [[Pyotr Krasnov]], [[Aleksandr Kuprin]], [[Dmitry Merezhkovsky]], [[Aleksey Remizov]], [[Ivan Shmelyov]], [[George Grebenstchikoff]], [[Yevgeny Zamyatin]], [[Vladimir Nabokov]], and English-speaking [[Ayn Rand]]; and short-story [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]]-winning writer and poet [[Ivan Bunin]], continued to write in exile.{{sfn|Kahn|Lipovetsky|Reyfman|Sandler|2018|pp=536–542}} During his emigration Bunin wrote his most significant works, such as his only autobiographical novel ''[[The Life of Arseniev]]'' (1927–1939) and short story cycle ''[[Dark Avenues]]'' (1937–1944). An example of long prose form is Grebenstchikoff's epic novel ''The Churaevs'' in six volumes (1922–1937) in which he described life of the [[Siberians]].{{sfn|Kasack|1988|p=}} While the realists Bunin, Shmelyov and Grebenstchikoff wrote about the pre-revolutionary Russia, life of the émigrés was depicted in modernist Nabokov's ''[[Mary (Nabokov novel)|Mary]]'' (1926)'' and [[The Gift (Nabokov novel)|The Gift]]'' (1938), Gazdanov's ''An Evening with Claire'' (1929) and ''The Specter of Alexander Wolf'' (1948) and Georgy Ivanov's novel ''Disintegration of the Atom'' (1938).{{sfn|Egorova|Fokin|Ivanova|2014|p=}}{{sfn|Kahn|Lipovetsky|Reyfman|Sandler|2018|pp=536–542}} <gallery widths="120" heights="120" perrow="6"> File:Adamovich georgy.jpg|[[Georgy Adamovich]] File:Ivan Bunin 1933.jpg|[[Ivan Bunin]] File:Gazdanov-192?.jpg|[[Gaito Gazdanov]] File:Pyotr Nikolayevich Krasnov.jpg|[[Pyotr Krasnov]] File:Vladimir Nabokov 1973.jpg|[[Vladimir Nabokov]] File:Aleksej Remizov.jpg|[[Aleksey Remizov]] File:Shmelyov Ivan.jpg|[[Ivan Shmelyov]] File:Tchervinskaia Lydia Davydovna ~1934.jpg|Lidia Tcherminskaia </gallery>
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