Editing Roppongi (section)

==Controversies==
In the past, Roppongi had a reputation as an area with high [[yakuza]] presence, whether as customers at Roppongi establishments, conducting business, or managing or owning clubs and bars in the area. Although still exerting some influence in Roppongi, in recent times they appear to have shifted much of their presence to other districts in the Tokyo area.<ref name="whiting">Robert Whiting, ''Tokyo Underworld : The Fast Times and Hard Life of an American Gangster in Japan'' (Vintage Departures, 2000) {{ISBN|0-375-72489-3}}</ref><ref>"[http://metropolis.co.jp/tokyo/624/feature.asp Feature: Dark Matter] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061121094754/http://metropolis.co.jp/tokyo/624/feature.asp |date=2006-11-21 }}," ''Metropolis'', March 10, 2006.</ref>

In 2006, [[Nigeria]]n immigrants to Japan began opening a number of bars and nightclubs in the area, following an earlier group of innovators who had been in business in Roppongi for many years.  The Nigerians were noted for using visible, high-pressure tactics to draw customers to their bars. In 2009 and 2010 a series of drink-spiking incidents, in which customers reported being drugged and robbed, were linked to Nigerian-owned bars.  The incidents resulted in the United States embassy in Japan warning US citizens to avoid certain bars and clubs in Roppongi.  An investigation by ''[[The Japan Times]]'' in July 2011 found that though drink spiking occurred, most of the incidents did not involve criminal activity. Many customers claimed unusually severe hangovers after nights spent in Nigerian-run establishments. Similar complaints are often made about non-Nigerian bars in Roppongi that offer unlimited drink packages and often lace drinks with hard liquor to minimize customer consumption and increase profit.<ref>{{cite news|title=Trying to tame Tokyo's adult playground|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-jan-26-la-fg-japan-roppongi26-2010jan26-story.html|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=January 26, 2010|access-date=February 26, 2010|archive-date=May 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520104525/http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jan/26/world/la-fg-japan-roppongi26-2010jan26|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Richard, Dreux, "[http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20110719zg.html Japan's Nigerians pay price for prosperity] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120713140354/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20110719zg.html |date=2012-07-13 }}", ''[[The Japan Times]]'', 19 July 2011, pp. 10-11.</ref><ref>Richard, Dreux, "[http://metropolis.co.jp/features/feature/something-my-spirit-wanted/ 'Something My Spirit Wanted'] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502220312/http://metropolis.co.jp/features/feature/something-my-spirit-wanted/ |date=2016-05-02 }}", ''[[Metropolis (free magazine)|Metropolis]]'', #905, 29 July - 11 August 2011, pp. 14-15.</ref>