Editing Romaniote Jews (section)

==Holocaust and afterwards==
{{See also|Axis occupation of Greece}}
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-179-1575-08, Ioannina, Deportation von Juden.jpg|thumb|A woman weeps during the deportation of the Jews of [[Ioannina]] on March 25, 1944. The majority of the Jews deported were murdered on or shortly after April 11, 1944, when their train reached [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz-Birkenau]].<ref name=Kehila>[http://www.kkjsm.org/holocaust/holocaust_intro.html "The Holocaust in Ioannina"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208014325/http://www.kkjsm.org/holocaust/holocaust_intro.html |date=December 8, 2008 }} Kehila Kedosha Janina Synagogue and Museum, Retrieved January 5, 2009</ref><ref name=Raptis>Raptis, Alekos and Tzallas, Thumios, [http://www.kkjsm.org/archives/Deportation%20of%20Jews%20of%20Ioannina.pdf "Deportation of Jews of Ioannina", Kehila Kedosha Janina Synagogue and Museum] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226113359/http://www.kkjsm.org/archives/Deportation%20of%20Jews%20of%20Ioannina.pdf |date=February 26, 2009 }}, July 28, 2005, retrieved January 5, 2009.</ref>]]

During [[World War II]], when Greece was occupied by [[Nazi Germany]], 86% of the Greek Jews, especially those in the areas occupied by [[Nazi Germany]] and [[Bulgaria]], were murdered. Some Greeks collaborated with the deportations or expropriated Jewish property; a few, encouraged by the [[Church of Greece|Greek Orthodox Church]], sheltered Jews.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hsozkult.de/conferencereport/id/tagungsberichte-5755|title=The Holocaust in Greece: Genocide and its Aftermath|date=October 21, 2019|website=H-Soz-Kult. Kommunikation und Fachinformation für die Geschichtswissenschaften}}</ref> Roughly 49,000 Jews—Romaniotes and Sephardim—were deported from [[Thessaloniki]] alone and murdered. Many Greek Jews were forced to pay their own tickets to the death camps.<ref>[http://www.juedische-allgemeine.de/article/view/id/23558] Tickets in den Tod-Jüdische Allgemeine</ref> Almost all Romaniote Jews of the island of Crete, together with some resistance fighters, died on the ship ''[[Sinking of the SS Tanais|Tanaḯs]]'' when it was torpedoed by the British submarine [[HMS Vivid (P77)|HMS ''Vivid'']] on 9 June 1944.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/.premium-this-day-crete-s-jews-lost-at-sea-1.5251122|title=This Day in Jewish History / Jewish Community of Crete Lost at Sea|date=June 9, 2014|newspaper=Haaretz}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Green |first1=David B. |title=Jewish Community of Crete Lost at Sea |url=https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/.premium-this-day-crete-s-jews-lost-at-sea-1.5251122 |work=[[Haaretz]] |date=9 June 2014 |language=en}}</ref>

During the German occupation, the Romaniotes' ability to speak [[Greek language|Greek]] enabled them to hide better from German deportations than Sephardi Jews who spoke [[Judeo-Spanish|Ladino]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ladino language {{!}} Sephardic, Judeo-Spanish, Hebrew {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ladino-language |access-date=2023-08-20 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>

The majority of Romaniotes who survived the Holocaust left for Israel or the United States at the end of the war.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Jews of the Ionian Sea |url=https://www.jta.org/jewniverse/2011/from-the-ionian-sea |work=[[Jewish Telegraphic Agency]] |date=7 April 2011 |language=en}}</ref> The creation of the state of [[Israel]] in 1948, combined with the violence and anarchy of the [[Greek Civil War]] (1946–1949), led to an immigration of a number of Romaniotes to Israel. The [[1953 Ionian earthquake|great earthquake]] on the island of [[Zakynthos]] in 1953 led the last remaining Romaniote Jews to leave the island towards Athens. The vast majority of Romaniotes have relocated to Israel and the United States, with the world's largest community located in New York.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wasko |first1=Dennis |title=The Jewish Palate: The Romaniote Jews of Greece |url=https://www.jpost.com/Food-Index/The-Jewish-Palate-The-Romaniote-Jews-of-Greece |work=[[Jerusalem Post]] |date=14 March 2011 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Esquenazi |first1=Deborah S. |title=The Pre-Ashkenazi and Sephardi Romaniote Jews |url=https://www.jpost.com/Magazine/Features/The-pre-Ashkenazi-and-Sephardi-Romaniote-Jews |work=[[Jerusalem Post]] |date=5 October 2006 |language=en}}</ref>