Editing Pope Innocent V (section)

====Actions and policies====

On 2 March 1276, Pope Innocent granted [[Charles I of Naples|King Charles I of Naples]] the privilege of retaining the Senatorship of Rome, the government of the city, and the Rectorship of Tuscia.<ref>Augustinus Theiner (editor), ''Codex Diplomaticus dominii temporalis S. Sedis''  I (Rome 1861), p. 197 no. 349.</ref> In a letter of 4 March, the Pope testifies that King Charles had sworn fealty for the Kingdom of Naples and of Sicily.<ref>Augustus Potthast, ''Regesta pontificum Romanorum'' II (Berlin 1875), no. 21104.</ref>  On 9 March, he wrote to Rudolf, King of the Romans, begging him not to come to Italy, and if he had already started his journey, to break it off, until an agreement between him and the Papacy could be finalized. This meant that Rudolf's coronation, which had been agreed to by Gregory X, would not take place immediately. On 17 March he wrote again to Rudolf, advising him to meet the papal nuncios, and that, in their negotiations, he should by no means introduce the topic of the Exarchate of Ravenna, the Pentapolis, and the Romandiola.  This looked like extortion. The French Innocent's favoritism toward King Charles, the brother of Louis IX and uncle of Philip III, and his harshness toward Rudolf was beginning to change the balance of power in Italy once more and was pointing in the direction of war. Pope Gregory's efforts to bring about peace had been ruined.<ref>Ferdinand Gregorovius, ''History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages''  V. 2 (London 1906),  pp. 473-474.  J.N.D. Kelly, "Innocent V," ''The Oxford Dictionary of Popes'' (Oxford 1986), p. 199. Ghislain Brunel, p. 794.</ref>

On the 26th he ordered the Bishops of Parma and Comacchio to see to it that Boniface de Lavania (Lavagna) be installed as Archbishop of Ravenna, as Pope Gregory X had decided.<ref>Potthast, nos. 21113-21114.  Gregory's appointment:  nos. 21066-21068 (4 September 1275).</ref>  Innocent was able to arrange a peace treaty between Genoa and Naples, which was signed on 18 June 1276.<ref>Brunel, p. 794.</ref>

On 18 May 1276, Pope Innocent V notified King Philip III of France that he had appointed his friend Fr. Guy de Sully, OP, the Dominican Provincial of Paris (a post that Innocent himself had held until 1272, when he was appointed Archbishop of Lyon), to the see of Bourges.<ref>Potthast, no. 21131.</ref>
 
A noteworthy feature of his brief pontificate was the practical form assumed by his desire for reunion with the [[Eastern Church]]. He wrote to [[Michael VIII Palaeologus]], the [[Byzantine Emperors|Byzantine emperor]], informing him of the death of Gregory X, and apologizing for the fact that the Emperor's representatives, George, the Archdeacon of Constantinople,<ref>Marie-Hyacinthe Laurent, ''Georges le Métochite, ambassadeur de Michel VIII paléologue auprès du B.Innocent V''  (Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1946).</ref> and Theodore, the Dispensator of the Imperial Curia, had not yet been released to return to Constantinople. He was proceeding to send legates to [[Michael VIII Palaeologus|the Emperor]] in connection with the recent decisions of the [[Second Council of Lyons]], hoping to broker a peace between Constantinople and King Charles I of Naples.<ref>Potthast, no. 21136.</ref>  King Charles, however, was interested in conquest, not in concord.  Innocent was interested in sending people to negotiate the reunion.  He appointed Fr. Bartolommeo, O.Min., of Bologna, a [[Doctor of Biblical Studies|Doctor of Sacred Scripture]], to travel to the East, but he ordered him to come to Rome first, so that a suitable suite could be chosen for him.<ref>Potthast, nos. 21136-21145.</ref>

Death intervened.  Pope Innocent V died at [[Rome]] on 22 June 1276, after a reign of five months and one (or two) days.  He was buried in the [[Archbasilica of St. John Lateran|Lateran Basilica]], in a magnificent tomb built by King Charles.  Unfortunately, the tomb was destroyed by the two fourteenth century fires at the Basilica, in 1307 and 1361.<ref>Potthast, p. 1708.</ref>

Innocent V had created no new cardinals at all, and therefore the participants at the Conclave of July 1276, were the same as in January.  King Charles, however, was in Rome the entire time, and was in the position as Senator of Rome, to be the Governor of the Conclave.  His wishes could not be ignored.