Editing Pharmacology (section)

=== Wider contexts ===
Pharmacology can be studied in relation to wider contexts than the physiology of individuals. For example, [[pharmacoepidemiology]] concerns the variations of the effects of drugs in or between populations, it is the bridge between [[clinical pharmacology]] and [[epidemiology]].<ref>{{Cite book |title=Rang and Dale's pharmacology |first1=James |last1=Ritter |first2=Rod J. |last2=Flower |first3=G. |last3=Henderson |first4=David J. |last4=MacEwan |first5=Yoon Kong |last5=Loke |first6=H. P. |last6=Rang |publisher=Elsevier |year=2020|isbn=978-0-7020-8060-9|edition=Ninth|location=Edinburgh|oclc=1081403059}}{{pn|date=March 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1002/9781119701101.ch2 |chapter=Study Designs Available for Pharmacoepidemiologic Studies |title=Textbook of Pharmacoepidemiology |date=2021 |last1=Strom |first1=Brian L. |pages=20–34 |isbn=978-1-119-70107-1 }}</ref> [[Pharmacoenvironmentology]] or environmental pharmacology is the study of the effects of used pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) on the environment after their elimination from the body.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rahman SZ, Khan RA, Gupta V, Uddin M | title = Pharmacoenvironmentology--a component of pharmacovigilance | journal = Environmental Health | volume = 6 | issue = 1 | pages = 20 | date = July 2007 | pmid = 17650313 | pmc = 1947975 | doi = 10.1186/1476-069X-6-20 | bibcode = 2007EnvHe...6...20R | doi-access = free }}</ref> Human health and ecology are intimately related so environmental pharmacology studies the environmental effect of drugs and [[pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jena |first1=Monalisa |last2=Mishra |first2=Archana |last3=Maiti |first3=Rituparna |title=Environmental pharmacology: source, impact and solution |journal=Reviews on Environmental Health |date=26 March 2019 |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=69–79 |doi=10.1515/reveh-2018-0049 |pmid=30854834 |bibcode=2019RvEH...34...69J }}</ref>

Drugs may also have ethnocultural importance, so [[ethnopharmacology]] studies the ethnic and cultural aspects of pharmacology.<ref name="int-soc-ethnopharm">{{Cite web|title=International Society for Ethnopharmacology|url=https://ethnopharmacology.org/|access-date=2021-02-04|website=International Society for Ethnopharmacology|language=en-US|archive-date=21 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121205853/https://ethnopharmacology.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> <!-- pharmacoepidem: 8974 pubmed results in 2019--><!-- environmental pharm: 22 pubmed results in 2019-->