Editing Perpignan (section)

==History==
{{see also|Timeline of Perpignan}}
{{Quote box |width=30em |align=left |bgcolor=#FFFCCC
|title=Historical affiliations
|fontsize=85% |quote=<poem>*{{flagicon image|Flag of Roussillon.svg}} [[County of Roussillon]] 927–1172
*{{flagicon image|Siñal d'Aragón.svg}} [[Principality of Catalonia]] (''{{flagicon image|Siñal d'Aragón.svg}} [[Crown of Aragon]]'') 1172–1276
*{{flagicon image|Flag of the Kingdom of Majorca (1269).png}}[[File:Pfeil rechts.svg|7px]]{{flagicon image|Bandera del Reino de Mallorca.svg}} [[Kingdom of Majorca]] 1276–1344
*{{flagicon image|Siñal d'Aragón.svg}} [[Principality of Catalonia]] (''{{flagicon image|Siñal d'Aragón.svg}} [[Crown of Aragon]]'') 1344–1463
*{{flagicon image|Pavillon royal de la France.svg}} [[Kingdom of France]] 1463–1493
*{{flagicon image|Siñal d'Aragón.svg}} [[Principality of Catalonia]] (''{{flagicon image|Siñal d'Aragón.svg}} [[Crown of Aragon]]'', ''{{flag|Spanish Empire}}'') 1493–1659
*{{flagicon image|Pavillon royal de France.svg}}[[File:Pfeil rechts.svg|7px]]{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1790–1794).svg}} [[Kingdom of France]] 1659–1792
*{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1790–1794).svg}}[[File:Pfeil rechts.svg|7px]]{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794-1815).svg}} [[French First Republic|French Republic]] 1792–1804
*{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794-1815).svg}} [[First French Empire|French Empire]] 1804–1815
*{{flagicon image|Royal flag of France during the Bourbon Restoration.svg}}[[File:Pfeil rechts.svg|7px]]{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} [[Kingdom of France]] 1815–1848
*{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} [[French Second Republic|French Republic]] 1848–1852
*{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} [[Second French Empire|French Empire]] 1852–1870
*{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} [[French Third Republic|French Republic]] 1870–1940
*{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} [[Vichy France|French State]] 1940–1944
*{{flag|French Republic}} 1944–present</poem>
}}
[[File:Perpignan - Ecole militaire (vers 1780).jpg|thumb|Perpignan {{Circa|1780}}]]
Though settlement in the area goes back to [[Roman Empire|Roman]] times, the medieval town of Perpignan seems to have been founded around the beginning of the 10th century. Shortly afterwards, Perpignan became the capital of the counts of [[County of Roussillon|Roussillon]]. Historically, it was part of the region known as [[Septimania]]. In 1172 Count [[Girard II of Roussillon|Girard II]] bequeathed his lands to the [[List of Counts of Barcelona|Counts of Barcelona]]. Perpignan acquired the institutions of a partly self-governing [[medieval commune|commune]] in 1197. French [[feudalism|feudal rights]] over Roussillon were given up by [[Louis IX of France|Louis IX]] in the [[Treaty of Corbeil (1258)|Treaty of Corbeil]].

When [[James I of Aragon|James I the Conqueror]], king of [[Kingdom of Aragon|Aragon]] and count of [[County of Barcelona|Barcelona]], founded the [[Kingdom of Majorca]] in 1276, Perpignan became the capital of the mainland territories of the new state. The subsequent decades are considered the city's historical golden age. It prospered as a centre of cloth manufacture, leatherwork, goldsmithery, and other luxury crafts. King [[Philip III of France|Philippe III]] of [[Kingdom of France|France]] died there in 1285, as he was returning from his unsuccessful [[crusade]] against the [[Crown of Aragon|Aragonese Crown]].
[[File:Perpignan - Avenue de la Gare (vers 1905).jpg|thumb|Perpignan c. 1905]]
In 1344 [[Peter IV of Aragon]] annexed the Kingdom of Majorca and Perpignan once more became part of the [[Principality of Catalonia]]. A few years later it lost approximately half of its population to the [[Black Death]]. It was attacked and occupied by [[Louis XI of France]] in 1463; a violent uprising against French rule in 1473 was harshly put down after a long siege, but in 1493 [[Charles VIII of France]], wishing to conciliate [[Crown of Castile|Castile]] in order to free himself to invade [[Italy]], restored it to [[Ferdinand II of Aragon]].{{sfn|Pigaillem|2008|p=109}}

Again [[Siege of Perpignan (1642)|besieged and captured]] by the French during the [[Thirty Years' War]] in September 1642, Perpignan was formally ceded by Spain 17 years later in the [[Treaty of the Pyrenees]], and thereafter remained a French possession.

In June 2020, [[Louis Aliot]] of the [[National Rally]] was elected mayor of Perpignan. This was the first time since 1995 that the far-right party had won a city of more than 100,000 people.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-election-perpignan/far-right-to-win-southern-french-town-of-perpignan-exit-poll-idUSKBN23Z0PM|title=Far-right to win southern French town of Perpignan: Exit poll|newspaper=Reuters|date=28 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200628-france-s-greens-makes-gains-macron-loses-ground-in-low-turnout-local-elections|title = France's Greens make gains, Macron loses ground in low-turnout local elections|website=France24.com|date = 28 June 2020}}</ref>