Editing P53 (section)

=== Other ===
[[File:P53 and angiogenesis.png|thumb|490x490px|An overview of the molecular mechanism of action of p53 on the angiogenesis<ref name = "Babaei_2021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Babaei G, Aliarab A, Asghari Vostakolaei M, Hotelchi M, Neisari R, Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz S, Bazl MR | title = Crosslink between p53 and metastasis: focus on epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell, angiogenesis, autophagy, and anoikis | journal = Molecular Biology Reports | volume = 48 | issue = 11 | pages = 7545–7557 | date = November 2021 | pmid = 34519942 | doi = 10.1007/s11033-021-06706-1 | s2cid = 237506513 }}</ref>]]
Apart from the cellular and molecular effects above, p53 has a tissue-level anticancer effect that works by inhibiting [[angiogenesis]].<ref name = "Babaei_2021" /> As tumors grow they need to recruit new blood vessels to supply them, and p53 inhibits that by (i) interfering with regulators of [[tumor hypoxia]] that also affect angiogenesis, such as HIF1 and HIF2, (ii) inhibiting the production of angiogenic promoting factors, and (iii) directly increasing the production of angiogenesis inhibitors, such as [[arresten]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Teodoro JG, Evans SK, Green MR | title = Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by p53: a new role for the guardian of the genome | journal = Journal of Molecular Medicine | volume = 85 | issue = 11 | pages = 1175–1186 | date = November 2007 | pmid = 17589818 | doi = 10.1007/s00109-007-0221-2 | type = Review | s2cid = 10094554 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Assadian S, El-Assaad W, Wang XQ, Gannon PO, Barrès V, Latour M, Mes-Masson AM, Saad F, Sado Y, Dostie J, Teodoro JG | title = p53 inhibits angiogenesis by inducing the production of Arresten | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 72 | issue = 5 | pages = 1270–1279 | date = March 2012 | pmid = 22253229 | doi = 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-11-2348 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

p53 by regulating [[leukemia inhibitory factor|Leukemia Inhibitory Factor]] has been shown to facilitate [[Implantation (human embryo)|implantation]] in the mouse and possibly human reproduction.<ref name="pmid18046411">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hu W, Feng Z, Teresky AK, Levine AJ | title = p53 regulates maternal reproduction through LIF | journal = Nature | volume = 450 | issue = 7170 | pages = 721–4 | date = November 2007 | pmid = 18046411 | doi = 10.1038/nature05993 | bibcode = 2007Natur.450..721H | s2cid = 4357527 }}</ref>

The immune response to infection also involves p53 and [[NF-κB]]. Checkpoint control of the [[cell cycle]] and of [[apoptosis]] by p53 is inhibited by some infections such as [[Mycoplasma]] bacteria,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Borchsenius SN, Daks A, Fedorova O, Chernova O, Barlev NA | title = Effects of mycoplasma infection on the host organism response via p53/NF-κB signaling | journal = Journal of Cellular Physiology | volume = 234 | issue = 1 | pages = 171–180 | date = January 2018 | pmid = 30146800 | doi = 10.1002/jcp.26781 }}</ref> raising the specter of [[carcinogenesis|oncogenic infection]].