Editing Order of Canada (section)

===Refusal===
Few have declined entry into the Order of Canada; {{as of|1997|lc = y}}, 1.5 per cent of offered appointments to the order had been refused.<ref>{{Harvnb| McCreery| 2005| p=209}}</ref> The identities of those individuals who have declined induction since the 1970s are kept confidential, so the full list is not publicly known. Some, however, have spoken openly about their decisions, including [[Robert Weaver (editor)|Robert Weaver]], who stated that he was critical of the "three-tier" nature of the order;<ref>{{citation| url=http://archives.cbc.ca/on_this_day/01/02/| title=On This Day > Jan. 2, 1988 > Did You Know?| publisher=CBC| access-date=22 June 2008| archive-date=20 January 2012| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120120210728/http://archives.cbc.ca/on_this_day/01/02/| url-status=live}}</ref> [[Claude Ryan]] and [[Morley Callaghan]], who both declined the honour in 1967; [[Mordecai Richler]], who twice declined; and [[Marcel Dubé]], [[Roger Lemelin]] and [[Glenn Gould]], who all declined in 1970.<ref name=McCreery210>{{Harvnb| McCreery| 2005| p=210}}</ref> However, all the above individuals, save for Gould, later did accept appointment into the order. Others have rejected appointment on the basis of being supporters of the [[Quebec sovereignty movement]], such as Luc-André Godbout,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NGFYX-VzoKkC&q=Luc-Andr%C3%A9+Godbout&pg=PA70 |title=Alienation and Art |publisher=Robert Martin Fink |last=Fink|first=Robert|date=1976|access-date=17 October 2016}}</ref> [[Rina Lasnier]] and [[Geneviève Bujold]],<ref name=McCreery210 /> while [[Alice Parizeau]], another supporter of Quebec sovereignty, was criticized for accepting entry into the order despite her beliefs.<ref>{{citation| url=http://archives.radio-canada.ca/c_est_arrive_le/09/30/| title=Alice Parizeau, d'espoir et de liberté| publisher=CBC| language=fr| access-date=24 October 2011| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204022431/http://archives.radio-canada.ca/c_est_arrive_le/09/30/| archive-date=4 February 2012}}</ref>
[[File:The Duke of Edinburgh as Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Canadian Regiment.jpg|thumb|left|[[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]], wearing at the neck the insignia of a Companion of the Order of Canada. Philip originally declined an honorary appointment to the Order of Canada, feeling the offer implied he was a foreigner to Canada. In April 2013, he accepted appointment as the first extraordinary Companion.]]

Victoria Cross recipient [[Charles Merritt|Cecil Meritt]] cited the fact that he already held Canada's highest decoration as a reason not to be admitted to the Order of Canada.<ref name=McCreery210 /> [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]], was in 1982 offered appointment to the order as an honorary Companion; however, he refused on the grounds that, as the [[List of Canadian monarchs#Consorts|consort]] of the Queen, he was a Canadian and thus entitled to a substantive appointment.<ref>{{citation| last1=Bell| first1=Lynne| last2=Bousfield| first2=Arthur| last3=Bousfield| first3=Gary| title=Queen and Consort| publisher=Dundurn Press| year=2007| page=161| isbn=978-1-55002-725-9}}</ref><ref name=McCreery5>{{Harvnb| McCreery| 2010| p=5}}</ref> In 1993, the Advisory Council proposed an amendment to the constitution of the Order of Canada, making the monarch's spouse automatically a Companion, but Prince Philip again refused, stating that if he was to be appointed, it should be on his merits.<ref>{{Citation| last=Valpy| first=Michael| author-link=Michael Valpy| title=The Fresh Prince| newspaper=The Globe and Mail| date=28 September 2002| url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/backgrounder/queen/stories/related02.html| access-date=27 July 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051202235324/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/backgrounder/queen/stories/related02.html| archive-date=2 December 2005}}</ref> Congruent with these arguments, he in 1988 accepted without issue a substantive induction as a Companion of the [[Order of Australia]]. In 2013, the constitution of the Order of Canada was amended in a way that permitted the substantive appointment of Royal Family members and Prince Philip accepted induction as the first extraordinary Companion of the Order of Canada on 26 April 2013.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=15063| author=<!--Not stated-->| title=Governor General Presents Canadian Honours to His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh| date=26 April 2013| website=The Governor General of Canada| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=28 April 2013| archive-date=13 December 2013| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213083134/http://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=15063| url-status=live}}</ref> Former [[Premier of Newfoundland]] [[Joey Smallwood|Joseph Smallwood]] declined appointment as a Companion because he felt that, as a self-proclaimed [[Fathers of Confederation|Father of Confederation]], he deserved a knighthood.<ref name=McCreery210 /> Smallwood was never knighted and later accepted induction as a Companion.<ref>{{Harvnb| McCreery| 2005| p=168}}</ref>