Editing Olsztyn (section)

===Olsztyn Castle===
[[File:Zamek Olsztyn (1).jpg|thumb|left|[[Olsztyn Castle]]]]
The [[Olsztyn Castle]] was built between 1346–1353 and by then it had one wing on the north-east side of the rectangular courtyard. Access to the castle leads from the drawbridge over the river Łyna, surrounded by a belt of defensive walls and a moat. The south-west wing of the castle was built in the 15th century, the tower situated in the west corner of the courtyard, from the middle of the 14th century, was rebuilt in the early 16th century and had a round shape on a square base and was 40 meters high. At the same time, the castle walls were raised to a height of 12 meters and a second belt of the lower walls was built. The castle walls were partly combined with city walls, which made the castle look as if it had been a powerful bastion defending access to the city. 
The castle was owned by Warmia Chapter, which until 1454, together with the [[Prince-Bishopric of Warmia]], was under the military protection of the [[Teutonic Knights]] and their [[State of the Teutonic Order|Monastic State in Prussia]].<ref name="Zamek w Olsztynie">{{Cite web |url=https://www.olsztyndzisiaj.pl/zamek-w-olsztynie/#:~:text=Zamek%20w%20Olsztynienale%C5%BCa%C5%82%20do%20kapitu%C5%82y%20warmi%C5%84skiej.%20Podlega%C5%82a%20ona,polskim%20i%20przej%C4%85%C5%82%20go%20zarz%C4%85d%20Janusza%20I%20Mazowieckiego. |language=pl |title=Zamek w Olsztynie |website=olsztyndzisiaj.pl |date=1 June 2011 |access-date=9 March 2023}}</ref>

The castle had played a huge role in the Polish-Teutonic wars by then. After the [[Battle of Grunwald]] in 1410, the Poles took it after a few days siege. In the [[Thirteen Years' War (1454–66)]] it was jumping from rule to rule. The Knights threatened the castle and the town in 1521, but the defense was very effective. They contained one failed assault. There is a connection between the history of the castle, the city of Olsztyn, and [[Nicolaus Copernicus]]. He prepared the defense of Olsztyn against the invasion of the Teutonic Knights in 1520.<ref name="Zamek w Olsztynie"/>

[[File:647373 Olsztyn Zamek.. 04.JPG|thumb|Interior of the Olsztyn Castle]]

In the sixteenth century, there were two prince-bishops of Warmia that stayed there: [[Johannes Dantiscus]] – the first [[Sarmatism|Sarmatian]] poet, endowed with the imperial laurel wreath for "Latin Songs" (1538, 1541) and [[Marcin Kromer]], who wrote with equal ease in Latin and Polish scientific and literary works (1580). Kromer consecrated the chapel of St. Anna, which was built in the south-west wing of the castle. In the course of time, both wings of the castle lost military importance, which for residential purposes has become very convenient. In 1779, Prince-Bishop [[Ignacy Krasicki]] stopped here as well.

After the [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussian]] annexation of Warmia during the [[First Partition of Poland]] in 1772, the castle became the property of the state board of estates (''Kriegs- und Domänenkammer''&nbsp;— War and Domain Chamber). In 1845, the bridge over the moat was replaced by a causeway better connecting the castle with the city. In 1901–1911 a general renovation of the castle was performed, however, several sections of the building were violated at the same time where they changed the original look of the castle e.g. putting on window frames in a cloister. The tower was topped off in 1921 and again in 1926.<!--What does this mean? -- in the halls of the castle, became a museum.-->

In 1945, the whole castle became home to the Masurian Museum, which today is called the Museum of [[Warmia]] and [[Masuria]]. In addition, there are also popular events held within the frameworks of the Olsztyn Artistic Summer and so-called "evenings of the castle" and "Sundays in the Museum".