Editing Old Prussian language (section)

===Decline===
With the conquest of the Old Prussian territory by the [[Teutonic Knights]] in the 13th century, and the subsequent influx of Polish, Lithuanian and especially German speakers, Old Prussian experienced a 400-year-long decline as an "oppressed language of an oppressed population".<ref name="Trautmann1910">{{cite book|first=Reinhold|last=Trautmann|author-link=Reinhold Trautmann|title=Die altpreußischen Sprachdenkmäler|place=Göttingen|publisher=Vandenhoek & Ruprecht|date=1910|trans-title=The Old Prussian language monuments}}</ref>{{rp|page=VII|quote="Sie hat noch genau 400 Jahre nach der endgültigen Unterwerfung (1283) als unterdrückte Sprache einer unterdrückten Bevölkerung weitergelebt."}} Groups of people from Germany, [[Poland]],<ref name="Pl Refuge 1">{{cite book|title=A Short History of Austria-Hungary and Poland|first1=Henry Wickham|last1=Steed|first2=Walter Alison|last2=Phillips|first3=David|last3=Hannay|url=http://historicaltextarchive.com/books.php?op=viewbook&bookid=2&cid=24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030804090230/http://historicaltextarchive.com/books.php?op=viewbook&bookid=2&cid=24|archive-date=4 August 2003|chapter=The Reformation Period|date=1914|publisher=Encyclopaedia Britannica Company|place=London}}</ref>{{rp|page=115|quote=For a time, therefore, the Protestants had to be cautious in Poland proper, but they found a sure refuge in Prussia, where Lutheranism was already the established religion, and where the newly erected [[University of Königsberg]] became a seminary for Polish ministers and preachers.}} [[Lithuania]], [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]],<ref name="scots">{{cite web|title=Scots in Eastern and Western Prussia, Part III – Documents (3)|url=http://www.electricscotland.com/history/prussia/part3-3.htm|access-date=2007-02-18}}</ref> [[Kingdom of England|England]],<ref name="Eastland">{{cite web|title=Elbing als ehemaliger englischer Handelsplatz|trans-title=Elbing as a former English trading post|publisher=Magistrat der Stadt Elbing|translator-first=W.|first=Hermann|translator-last=Baumfelder|last=Kownatzki|date=1977|orig-date=unknown|url=http://www.elbing.de/Eastland.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070730075606/http://www.elbing.de/Eastland.pdf|archive-date=30 July 2007|access-date=18 February 2007}}</ref> and [[Austria]] (see [[Salzburg Protestants]]) found refuge in Prussia during the [[Protestant Reformation]] and thereafter.<ref name="Szatkowski">{{cite journal|doi= 10.11649/a.2626|journal=Adeptus|first=Piotr|last=Szatkowski|date=2021|issue=18|title=Language practices in a family of Prussian language revivalists: Conclusions based on short-term participant observation|publisher=Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences |doi-access=free}}</ref>{{rp|page=1}} Old Prussian ceased to be spoken probably around the beginning of the 18th century,<ref name="Young2008" /> because many of its remaining speakers died in the [[famine]]s and the [[Great Northern War plague outbreak|bubonic plague outbreak]] which harrowed the [[East Prussia]]n countryside and towns from 1709 until 1711.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://donelaitis.vdu.lt/prussian/Engl.pdf|title=Dictionary of Revived Prussian|page=4|first=Mikkels|last=Klussis|year=2005|access-date=2 March 2018|archive-date=26 September 2007|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20070926162334/http://donelaitis.vdu.lt/prussian/Engl.pdf|url-status=unfit }}</ref>