Editing Ogonek (section)

===E caudata and o caudata===
The ''[[E caudata]]'' (''ę''), a symbol similar to an ''e'' with ogonek, evolved from a [[ligature (typography)|ligature]] of ''a'' and ''e'' in medieval scripts, in [[Latin]] and [[Irish language|Irish]] [[palaeography]]. The ''[[O caudata]]'' of [[Old Norse]]<ref>For this traditional and correct name, see e.g. [[Einar Haugen]] (ed. and trans.), ''[[First Grammatical Treatise]]'', 2nd edition, Longman, 1972.</ref> (letter ''ǫ'', with ''ǫ́'')<ref>{{cite web |url=http://unicode.org/charts/nameslist/n_0180.html |title=Non-European and historic Latin |publisher=[[Unicode Consortium]] |access-date=2011-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://kodeks.uni-bamberg.de/slavling/downloads/SK_Slavic_Unicode_I.pdf |title=Unicode 4.1 and Slavic Philology Problems and Perspectives (I) |author=Sebastian Kempgen |date=2006 |access-date=2016-11-12}}</ref> is used to write the [[open-mid back rounded vowel]], {{IPA|/ɔ/}}. Medieval Nordic manuscripts show this 'hook' in both directions, in combination with several vowels.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gandalf.aksis.uib.no/mufi/proposal/range2F-v2.html |title=Characters with a combining hook above |publisher=Medieval Unicode Font Initiative |date=2003-02-05 |access-date=2016-11-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222031653/http://gandalf.aksis.uib.no/mufi/proposal/range2F-v2.html |archive-date=2014-02-22 }}</ref> Despite this distinction, the term 'ogonek' is sometimes used in discussions of typesetting and encoding Norse texts, as ''o caudata'' is typographically identical to o with ogonek. Similarly, the ''E caudata'' was sometimes used to designate the Norse vowel {{IPA|[ɛ]}} or {{IPA|[æ]}}.