Editing Notre-Dame de Paris (section)

===20th century===
[[File:Maison Braun & Cie, Notre Dame de Paris, ca. 1930-crop, change chiaroscuro, perspective, add color by Paolo Villa 2019.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.2|Façade of Notre-Dame in the 1930s]]

During the liberation of Paris in August 1944, the cathedral suffered some minor damage from stray bullets. Some of the medieval glass was damaged, and was replaced by glass with modern abstract designs. On 26 August, a special Mass was held in the cathedral to celebrate the liberation of Paris from the Germans; it was attended by General [[Charles De Gaulle]] and General [[Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque|Philippe Leclerc]].

In 1963, on the initiative of culture minister [[André Malraux]] and to mark the 800th anniversary of the cathedral, the façade was cleaned of the centuries of soot and grime, restoring it to its original off-white colour.<ref>{{cite book|last=Laurent|first=Xavier|title=Grandeur et misère du patrimoine, d'André Malraux à Jacques Duhamel (1959–1973)|year=2003|publisher=Librairie Droz |isbn=9782900791608|oclc=53974742|language=fr}}</ref>

On 19 January 1969, vandals placed a North Vietnamese flag at the top of the flèche, and sabotaged the stairway leading to it. The flag was cut from the flèche by Paris Fire Brigade Sergeant [[Parkour#Raymond and David Belle|Raymond Belle]] in a helicopter mission, the first of its kind in France.<ref>{{cite web |title=SYND 19-1-69 VIET CONG FLAG REMOVED FROM NOTRE DAME |website=[[YouTube]] |date=21 July 2015 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxUgWD4lsN4 |language=en |access-date=16 August 2022 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002144936/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxUgWD4lsN4 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Vietcong Flag Put Atop Notre Dame |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/20/archives/vietcong-flag-put-atop-notre-dame.html |work=The New York Times |date=20 January 1969 |archive-date=2 October 2023 |access-date=16 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002144236/https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/20/archives/vietcong-flag-put-atop-notre-dame.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Angel |first1=Julie |title=Breaking the Jump: The Secret Story of Parkour's High Flying Rebellion |date=July 2016 |publisher=Aurum Press |isbn=978-1-78131-554-5 |pages=90–91 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iAxjDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT90 |language=en}}</ref>

The [[Requiem Mass]] of [[Charles de Gaulle]] was held in Notre-Dame on 12 November 1970.<ref>{{cite news|title=France mourns de Gaulle; world leaders to attend a service at Notre Dame|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/11/11/archives/france-mourns-de-gaulle-world-leaders-to-attend-a-service-at-notre.html|date=11 November 1970|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=24 April 2019|archive-date=13 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230413194204/https://www.nytimes.com/1970/11/11/archives/france-mourns-de-gaulle-world-leaders-to-attend-a-service-at-notre.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On 26 June 1971, [[Philippe Petit]] walked across a tight-rope strung between Notre-Dame's two bell towers entertaining spectators.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sneaky Juggler Has Ball Up in Sky at Notre Dame|work=Ogden-Standard Examiner|date=27 June 1971|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4082961/sneaky_juggler_has_ball/|archive-date=30 April 2019|access-date=24 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430065607/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/4082961/sneaky_juggler_has_ball/|url-status=live}}</ref>

After the [[Magnificat]] of 30 May 1980, [[Pope John Paul II]] celebrated Mass on the [[parvis]] of the cathedral.<ref>{{cite news|last=Gohn|first=Pat|title=Prayer of St. John Paul II at Notre Dame from May 30, 1980|url=http://www.catholicdigest.com/catholic-digest/prayer-of-st-john-paul-ii-at-notre-dame-cathedral-paris-1980/|work=[[Catholic Digest]]|date=15 April 2019|access-date=24 April 2019|archive-date=24 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190424171405/http://www.catholicdigest.com/catholic-digest/prayer-of-st-john-paul-ii-at-notre-dame-cathedral-paris-1980/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Requiem Mass of [[François Mitterrand]] was held at the cathedral, as with past French heads of state, on 11 January 1996.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Whitney|first=Craig R.|title=Francois Mitterrand Dies at 79; Champion of a Unified Europe|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/09/world/francois-mitterrand-dies-at-79-champion-of-a-unified-europe.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=9 January 1996|access-date=10 November 2011|archive-date=16 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516120427/http://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/09/world/francois-mitterrand-dies-at-79-champion-of-a-unified-europe.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The stone masonry of the cathedral's exterior had deteriorated in the 19th and 20th centuries due to increased [[air pollution]] in Paris, which accelerated erosion of decorations and discoloured the stone. By the late 1980s, several gargoyles and turrets had fallen or become too loose to remain safely in place.<ref name="NYT-1992">{{cite news |last=Simons |first=Marlisle |date=9 April 1992 |title=To Notre Dame's Rescue, Sickly Gargoyles and All |page=A4 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/04/09/world/paris-journal-to-notre-dame-s-rescue-sickly-gargoyles-and-all.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=16 April 2019 |archive-date=16 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416064007/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/04/09/world/paris-journal-to-notre-dame-s-rescue-sickly-gargoyles-and-all.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A decade-long renovation programme began in 1991 and replaced much of the exterior, with care given to retain the authentic architectural elements of the cathedral, including rigorous inspection of new limestone blocks.<ref name="NYT-1992"/><ref>{{cite news |last=August |first=Marilyn |date=7 April 1991 |title=Notre Dame Church Will Get Face Lift |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-04-07-mn-31-story.html |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |agency=Associated Press |access-date=16 April 2019 |archive-date=16 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416064005/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-04-07-mn-31-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A discreet system of electrical wires, not visible from below, was also installed on the roof to deter pigeons.<ref>{{cite news |date=14 April 1998 |title=Paris pigeons to get shock treatment at Notre Dame |url=https://www.deseret.com/1998/4/14/19374473/paris-pigeons-to-get-shock-treatment-at-notre-dame/ |work=The Guardian |via=[[Deseret News]] |access-date=16 April 2019 |archive-date=12 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112013619/https://www.deseret.com/1998/4/14/19374473/paris-pigeons-to-get-shock-treatment-at-notre-dame |url-status=live }}</ref> The cathedral's [[pipe organ]] was upgraded with a computerised system to control the mechanical connections to the [[Organ pipe|pipes]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Whitney |first=Craig R. |date=3 April 1995 |title=Notre Dame's Organ and Computer Are No Duet |page=A4 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/03/world/paris-journal-notre-dame-s-organ-and-computer-are-no-duet.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=16 April 2019 |archive-date=16 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416064008/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/03/world/paris-journal-notre-dame-s-organ-and-computer-are-no-duet.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The west face was cleaned and restored in time for [[millennium celebrations]] in December 1999.<ref>{{cite news |last=Bremner |first=Charles |date=21 December 1999 |title=Paris given a millennium makeover |page=15 |work=[[The Times]]}}</ref>