Editing Nicosia (section)

===British rule===

[[File:Hosting the British flag at Nicosia.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Painting, hoisting the British flat in Nicosia|right|Hoisting the British flag in Nicosia]]

{{Historical populations |type = |footnote =Source for 1881–1960.<ref name="Cyprus">{{cite web|url=http://www.prio-cyprus-displacement.net/default.asp?id=336 |title=PRIO |publisher=PRIO Internal Displacement In Cyprus |access-date=2017-03-29}}</ref> |align=left|1881 |11536|1891| 12515|1901|14481|1911| 16052| 1921| 11831|1931|23324|1946|34485|1960|45629}}

[[File:1914 Nicosia Cyprus.png|thumb|right|View of Nicosia in 1914]]
Nicosia came under the rule of [[British Empire|the United Kingdom]] on 5 July 1878 in consequence of the [[Cyprus Convention]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Nicosia Municipality |url=http://www.nicosia.org.cy/english/lefkosia_istoria_aglliki_katoxi.shtm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306054708/http://www.nicosia.org.cy/english/lefkosia_istoria_aglliki_katoxi.shtm |archive-date=6 March 2012 |access-date=10 March 2012 |publisher=Nicosia.org.cy}}</ref> in exchange for its support of the [[Ottoman Empire]] during the [[Congress of Berlin]].

The old Ottoman administrative headquarters (the Saray) was replaced in 1904 by a new building containing Law Courts, the Land Registry, and the Forestry, Customs, and Nicosia Commissioner's Offices.<ref name=jeffery/> Adjacent was the Nicosia Police headquarters, while opposite were the General Post Office and the Telegraph Office.<ref>See map drawn in 1952 published in "Romantic Cyprus", by Kevork Keshishian, 1958 edition</ref> A Venetian Column, previously in a fenced courtyard near the Saray,<ref>"Levkosia, the capital of Cyprus" by Archduke Louis Salvator, 1881</ref> was restored on a new site in the summer of 1915 in the middle of Saray Square. The Nicosia column was presumably erected in compliment to the reigning Doge Francesco Donati about the year 1550.<ref name=jeffery/>

Just after the British Occupation a Municipal Council was constituted in Nicosia in 1882 for the general administration of public affairs within the city and for a certain area without the walls, under the presidency of a Mayor.<ref name=jeffery/> The first municipal offices were in Municipality Square (now the central municipal market), but in 1944 the offices were transferred temporarily to the d'Avila bastion and in 1952 this was made permanent with a decision to renovate the building.<ref>[http://www.nicosia.org.cy Municipality web site, section on Municipal Building] retrieved August 2013</ref>

[[File:Nicosia boundary extensions.png|thumb|upright=1.35|left|alt=Extensions to the Nicosia municipal area|Extensions to the Nicosia municipal area]]
In 1923 the municipal limits were extended further (see map) and this new area was divided among several of the existing intramural neighborhoods.<ref>Order No. 397 published in Cyprus Gazette No. 1597, 4 August 1923</ref> In 1938 the boundary was extended to the present limits in the west and to the boundaries of Ayii Omoloyites, Palouriotissa, Kaimakli and Omorfita.<ref name =nicexpand2>Cyprus Gazette No. 2676. 23 September 1938, Supplement No.3:The Municipal Corporations Laws, 1930 to 1938 – Limits of the Municipal Corporation of Nicosia</ref> In 1944 the village authority of Ayii Omoloyites was absorbed, then, shortly after independence, Palouriotissa, Kaimakli and Omorfita were annexed to the city in 1968.<ref>Nicosia Capital of Cyprus by Kevork Keshishian, pub 1978</ref>

[[Nicosia International Airport]] was opened in 1947. It remained the location for the Air Station until its abandonment in 1974.

In 1955 an armed struggle against British rule began aiming to unite the island with Greece, [[Enosis]]. The struggle was led by EOKA, a [[Greek Cypriot]] nationalist military resistance organization,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britains-smallwars.com/cyprus/war.html|title=War and Politics – Cyprus|access-date=12 December 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216001406/http://www.britains-smallwars.com/cyprus/war.html|archive-date=16 December 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and supported by the vast majority of Greek Cypriots. The unification with Greece failed and instead the independence of Cyprus was declared in 1960. During the period of the struggle, Nicosia was the scene of violent protests against British rule.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cyprus-movement-occupation/fed-up-with-separation-cypriot-youths-seek-change-idUSTRE7AR1L520111128|title=Fed up with separation Cypriot youths seek change|last=Bahceli|first=Simon|date=28 November 2011|work=[[Reuters]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513225558/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cyprus-movement-occupation/fed-up-with-separation-cypriot-youths-seek-change-idUSTRE7AR1L520111128|archive-date=13 May 2019|url-status=live|quote=Camped on a tiny sliver of land that forms part of a United Nations-controlled buffer zone in the heart of Nicosia, these 18-year-olds and their friends are calling for a return to a way of life they have never known, one in which their communities can mix freely... It is fitting that the youths’ movement is on Ledra Street, a bustling thoroughfare where the first seeds of Cyprus's separation were sown in the 1950s.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/europerussiacentral-asia-region/british-cyprus-1914-1960/|title=30. British Cyprus (1914–1960)|website=[[University of Central Arkansas]] Department of Political Science|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513233211/https://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/europerussiacentral-asia-region/british-cyprus-1914-1960/|archive-date=13 May 2019|url-status=live|quote=The EOKA rebelled against the British colonial government on April 1, 1955. EOKA insurgents attacked police stations in Nicosia and Kyrenia on June 19, 1955. One individual was killed and fourteen individuals were injured in an explosion near the Central Police Station in Nicosia on June 21, 1955... Turkish Cypriots demonstrated against the British colonial government in Nicosia on January 27–29, 1958. Seven Turkish Cypriots were killed in clashes with British soldiers in Nicosia on January 27, 1958.}}</ref>