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===Latter Prophets=== The Latter Prophets are divided into two groups: the [[major prophet]]s (Isaiah, Jeremiah and Ezekiel) and the [[Twelve Minor Prophets]] (Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah and Malachi) collected into a single book. Again, although Daniel is considered a major prophet, his book is not in the category of the Nevi'im. ====Isaiah==== The 66 chapters of the [[Book of Isaiah]] consist primarily of prophecies of the judgments awaiting nations that are persecuting [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]]. These nations include [[Neo-Babylonian Empire|Babylon]], [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]], [[Philistia]], [[Moab]], [[Syria]], [[Kingdom of Israel (northern kingdom)|The Northern Kingdom of Israel]], [[Ethiopia]], [[ancient Egypt|Egypt]], [[Arabia]], and [[Phoenicia]]. The prophecies concerning them can be summarized as saying that [[Tetragrammaton|God]] is the God of the whole earth and that nations which think of themselves as secure in their power might well be conquered by other nations, at God's command. Chapter 6 describes Isaiah's call to be a prophet of God. Chapters 36β39 provide historical material about King [[Hezekiah]] and his triumph of faith in God. Chapters 24β35, while too complex to characterize in brief, are primarily concerned with prophecies of a [[Messiah in Judaism|Messiah]], a person anointed or given power by God, and of the Messiah's kingdom, where justice and righteousness will reign. Jews see this section as describing an actual king, a descendant of their great king, David, who will make Judah a great kingdom and [[Jerusalem]] a genuinely holy city. The prophecy continues with what some scholars<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.biblica.com/en-us/bible/online-bible/scholar-notes/niv-study-bible/intro-to-isaiah| title = Biblica.com - Introduction to Isaiah - Scholar Notes from the Zondervan NIV Study Bible.| date = 9 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://bible.org/seriespage/introduction-study-book-isaiah|title=1. Introduction to The Study of the Book of Isaiah|work=Bible.org}}</ref> have called "The Book of Comfort", which begins in chapter 40 and completes the writing. In the first eight chapters of this book of comfort, Isaiah prophesies the deliverance of the [[Jews]] from the hands of the Babylonians and the restoration of Israel as a unified nation in the land God promised them. Isaiah reaffirms that the Jews are indeed the chosen people of God in chapter 44 and that [[Yahweh]] is the only God for the Jews, as he will show his power over the gods of Babylon in due time in chapter 46. In chapter 45:1, the Persian ruler [[Cyrus the Great]] is named as the Messiah who will overthrow the [[Neo-Babylonian Empire]] and allow the return of Israel to their original land. The remaining chapters of the book contain prophecies of the future glory of [[Zion]] under the rule of a righteous servant (52 and 54). Chapter 53 includes a very poetic prophecy about this servant, which is generally considered by [[Christians]] to refer to the [[crucifixion]] of [[Jesus]]. However, Jews typically interpret it as a reference to God's people. Although there is still the mention of judgment of false worshippers and idolaters (65 and 66), the book ends with a message of hope of a righteous ruler who extends salvation to his righteous subjects living in the Lord's kingdom on earth. ====Jeremiah==== The [[Book of Jeremiah]] can be divided into twenty-three chapters, which are organized into five sub-sections or books: # The introduction, ch. 1. # Scorn for the sins of Israel, consisting of seven sections, (1.) ch. 2; (2.) ch. 3β6; (3.) ch. 7β10; (4.) ch. 11β13; (5.) ch. 14β17:18; (6.) ch. 17:19βch. 20; (7.) ch. 21β24. # A general review of all nations, foreseeing their destruction, in two sections, (1.) ch. 46β49; (2.) ch. 25; with a historical appendix of three sections, (1.) ch. 26; (2.) ch. 27; (3.) ch. 28, 29. # Two sections picturing the hopes of better times, (1.) ch. 30, 31; (2.) ch. 32,33; a historical appendix in three sections is added, (1.) ch. 34:1β7; (2.) ch. 34:8-22; (3.) ch. 35. # The conclusion, in two sections, (1.) ch. 36; (2.) ch. 45. In Egypt, after an interval, Jeremiah is supposed to have added three sections, viz., ch. 37β39; 40β43; and 44. The main Messianic prophecies are in 23:1β8; 31:31β40; and 33:14β26. [[Jeremiah]]'s prophecies are noted for the frequent repetitions of the exact words, phrases, and imagery found in them. They cover about 30 years. They are not in chronological order. Modern scholars do not believe they have reliable theories about when, where, and how the text was edited into its present form. ====Ezekiel==== The [[Book of Ezekiel]] contains three distinct sections: # Judgment on Israel β Ezekiel makes a series of denunciations against his fellow Judeans ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=ezekiel%203:22-24;&version=49; 3:22β24]), warning them of the certain destruction of [[Jerusalem]], in opposition to the words of the false prophets ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=ezekiel%204:1-3;&version=49; 4:1β3]). The symbolic acts, by which the extremities to which Jerusalem would be reduced are described in [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=ezekiel%204-5;&version=49; Chapters 4 and 5], show his intimate acquaintance with the Levitical legislation. (See, for example, [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Exodus%2022:30;&version=49; 22:30]; [[Deuteronomy]] [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Deut%2014:21;&version=49; 14:21]; [[Leviticus]] [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lev%205:2;&version=49; 5:2]; [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lev%207:18,24;&version=49; 7:18,24]; [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lev%2017:15;&version=49; 17:15]; [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lev%2019:7;&version=49; 19:7]; [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Lev%2022:8;&version=49; 22:8]) # Prophecies against various neighboring nations: against the [[Ammon]]ites ( [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%2025:1-7;&version=49; Ezek. 25:1β7]), the [[Moab]]ites ( [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%208-11;&version=49; 25:8β11]), the [[Edom]]ites ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%2012-14;&version=49; 25:12β14]), the [[Philistines]] ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%2015-17;&version=49; 25:15β17]), [[Tyre (Lebanon)|Tyre]] and [[Sidon]] ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%2026-28;&version=49; 26β28]), and against [[Egypt]] ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%2029-32;&version=49; 29-32]). # Prophecies delivered after the destruction of Jerusalem by [[Nebuchadnezzar II]]: the triumphs of Israel and of the kingdom of God on earth ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%2033-39;&version=49; Ezek. 33β39]); Messianic times, and the establishment and prosperity of the kingdom of God ([http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Ezekiel%2040;48;&version=49; 40β48]). ====The Twelve==== {{Main|Twelve Minor Prophets}} The Twelve are: # [[Book of Hosea|Hosea]] or ''Hoshea'' [ΧΧΧ©Χ’] # [[Book of Joel|Joel]] or ''Yo'el'' [ΧΧΧΧ] # [[Book of Amos|Amos]] [Χ’ΧΧΧ‘] # [[Book of Obadiah|Obadiah]] or ''Ovadyah'' [Χ’ΧΧΧΧΧ] # [[Book of Jonah|Jonah]] or ''Yonah'' [ΧΧΧ Χ] # [[Book of Micah|Micah]] or ''Mikhah'' [ΧΧΧΧ] # [[Book of Nahum|Nahum]] or ''Nachum'' [Χ ΧΧΧ] # [[Book of Habakkuk|Habakkuk]] or ''Habaquq'' [ΧΧΧ§ΧΧ§] # [[Book of Zephaniah|Zephaniah]] or ''Tsefania'' [Χ¦Χ€Χ ΧΧ] # [[Book of Haggai|Haggai]] or ''Haggai'' [ΧΧΧ] # [[Book of Zechariah|Zechariah]] ''Zekharia'' [ΧΧΧ¨ΧΧ] # [[Book of Malachi|Malachi]] or ''Malakhi'' [ΧΧΧΧΧ]
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