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==Conservation== The nene population stands at 3,862 birds, making it the world's rarest goose.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Plight of the Nēnē |date=December 2022 |url=https://www.fws.gov/story/2022-12/plight-nene }}</ref> It is believed that it was once common, with approximately 25,000 Hawaiian geese living in Hawai{{okina}}i when Captain [[James Cook]] arrived in 1778.<ref name=Ellis/> Hunting and introduced predators, such as [[small Indian mongoose]]s, [[domestic pig|pig]]s, and [[feral cat]]s, reduced the population to 30 birds by 1952.<ref name=Ellis/> The species breeds well in captivity, and has been successfully re-introduced. In 2004, it was estimated that there were 800 birds in the wild, as well as 1,000 in wildfowl collections and zoos.<ref name=Ellis/> There is concern about inbreeding due to the small initial population of birds. The nature reserve [[WWT Slimbridge]], in England, was instrumental in the successful breeding of Hawaiian geese in captivity. Under the direction of conservationist [[Peter Scott]], it was bred back from the brink of extinction during the 1950s for later re-introduction into the wild in Hawai{{okina}}i. There are still Hawaiian geese at Slimbridge today. They can now be found in [[Captivity (animal)|captivity]] in multiple WWT centres. Successful introductions include [[Haleakalā]] and [[Piiholo|Pi{{okina}}iholo]] ranches on [[Maui]].<ref name=dlnr/><ref name=edf/> [[NatureServe]] considers the species ''Imperiled''.<ref name="ns"/>
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