Editing Navarre (section)

==== Republic and military uprising ====

In 1932, a [[Southern Basque Country|Basque Country]]'s [http://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Estatuto_General_del_Estado_Vasco_aprobado_en_la_Magna_Asamblea_de_Municipios_Vascos_celebrada_en_Estella_(Lizarra)_el_d%C3%ADa_14_de_Junio_de_1931 separate statute] failed to take off over disagreements on the centrality of Catholicism, a scene of political radicalisation ensued dividing the leftist and rightist forces during the [[2nd Spanish Republic]] (1931 – 1939). Thousands of landless labourers occupied properties of wealthy landowners in October 1933, leaving the latter eager for revenge.<ref>{{cite book | author=Paul Preston | title=The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain. | publisher= HarperCollins | location= London, UK | isbn=978-0-00-638695-7 | year=2013 | page=182}}</ref> The most reactionary and clerical Carlists came to prominence, ideologues such as [[Víctor Pradera Larumbe|Víctor Pradera]], and an understanding with [[General Mola]] paved the way to the Spanish Nationalist uprising in Pamplona (18 July 1936).

The triumphant military revolt was followed by a terror campaign in the rearguard against blacklisted individuals considered to be progressive ("reds"), mildly republican, or just inconvenient.<ref>Preston, P. 2013, p. 179-181</ref> The purge especially affected southern Navarre along the Ebro banks, and counted on the active complicity of the clergy, who adopted the fascist salute and even involved in murderous tasks.<ref>Preston, P. 2013, p. 182-184</ref><ref>{{cite video |date=2014-04-15 |title=Charla con Lucio Urtubia [Talks with Lucio Urtubia]|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=clRQxMj1H80 | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211102/clRQxMj1H80| archive-date=2021-11-02 | url-status=live|language=es |publisher=CGT/LKN Bizkaia|access-date=2015-05-01|time=07’02|quote=(First-hand witness [[Lucio Urtubia]]'s testimony in Spanish) For the first time ever that is being talked about now, I only bore witness to crimes and abuses in my land carried out by that Church that if it really wanted, all could have been prevented. In the Ribera of Navarre, there are about 4,000 dead by fire-squad, people who had done no harm, no evil to anyone, they were just workers, farmers, the hunger-stricken, so that is why, because they were Republicans, or just affiliated to the [[Confederación Nacional del Trabajo|CNT]] or [[Unión General de Trabajadores|UGT]] that they were executed by firearm. That was with the complicity of the Catholic Church, that is why I don't believe in that Church, that Church was horrific. That Church had the likes of don Pablo or don Vitoriano, who came down every morning, there were little kids who had just come from shooting in executions, with the former asking to them, "How many, how many today?", the kids going, "Three or four", in turn responding, "Small number, small number". I lived through all that.}}{{cbignore}}</ref> [[Victims of Civil War in Navarra|The killing]] took a death toll of at least 2,857, plus a further 305 dying in prisons (ill-treatment, malnutrition).<ref>Preston, P. 2013, p. 183</ref>

The dead were buried in mass graves or discarded into chasms abounding on the central hilly areas (Urbasa, etc.). Basque nationalists were also chased to a lesser extent, e.g. Fortunato Aguirre, a [[Basque Nationalist Party|Basque nationalist]] and mayor of Estella (and co-founder of [[Osasuna]] Football Club), was executed in September 1936. Humiliation and silence ensued for the survivors. Pamplona became the rebel launching point against the Republic during the [[War in the North]].