Editing Nat Turner (section)

==In popular culture==

=== Film ===

* In 2003, [[Charles Burnett (director)|Charles Burnett]] released the documentary ''[[Nat Turner: A Troublesome Property]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Adams |first=Sam |date=2016-10-14 |title=Don't Want to Support Birth of a Nation? Watch Charles Burnett's Nat Turner Movie Instead. |url=https://slate.com/culture/2016/10/boycotting-birth-of-a-nation-watch-charles-burnetts-nat-turner-movie-instead.html |access-date=2022-12-10 |website=Slate Magazine |language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[The Birth of a Nation (2016 film)|The Birth of a Nation]]'', the 2016 film written and directed by [[Nate Parker]], is based on the story of Nat Turner.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Cunningham |first=Vinson |date=2016-10-03 |title='The Birth of a Nation' Isn't Worth Defending |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/10/10/the-birth-of-a-nation-isnt-worth-defending |access-date=2024-07-18 |magazine=The New Yorker |language=en-US |issn=0028-792X}}</ref>

=== Literature ===

* In 1884, ''[[The Cleveland Gazette]]'' published the poem "Nat Turner" by [[Timothy Thomas Fortune]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Primary Source: Remembering Nat Turner |url=https://www.ncpedia.org/anchor/primary-source-remembering |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=NCpedia |publisher=State Library of North Carolina}}</ref>
* [[Sterling Allen Brown]], the first [[Poet Laureate of the District of Columbia]], wrote the poem, "Remembering Nat Turner" in 1932.<ref name=":7">Scott, Jr., Nathan A. "The Return of Nat Turner: History, Literature, and Cultural Politics in Sixties America". ''The Southern Review'' 28, no. 4 (1992): 965+. ''Gale Academic OneFile'' (accessed July 18, 2024).</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Poem: Remembering Nat Turner by Sterling Allen Brown |url=https://www.poetrynook.com/poem/remembering-nat-turner |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=poetrynook.com}}</ref><ref>Gabbin, Joanne V. [[doi:10.2307/3042567|"Sterling Brown's Poetic Voice: A Living Legacy"]]. ''African American Review'' 31, no. 3 (1997): 423–31. accessed July 18, 2024.</ref><ref>Callahan, John F. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3299763 "'A Brown Study': Sterling Brown's Legacy of Compassionate Connections"]. ''Callaloo'' 21, no. 4 (1998): 899–900. {{JSTOR|3299763}}.</ref>
* ''[[The Confessions of Nat Turner (1967)|The Confessions of Nat Turner]]'' (1967), a novel by [[William Styron]], won the [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]] in 1968.<ref name=":2">Tanenhaus, Sam (August 3, 2016). "[https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2016/08/the-literary-battle-for-nat-turners-legacy The Literary Battle for Nat Turner's Legacy]". ''Vanity Fair''. Retrieved December 10, 2022.</ref> Styron's work was controversial, with some criticizing the White author for writing about such an important Black figure and calling him racist for portraying Turner as lusting for a White woman.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />
* In response to Styron's novel, ten Black scholars and authors published a collection of essays, ''William Styron's'' The Confessions of Nat Turner'': Ten Black Writers Respond'' (1968).<ref name=":2" />
* In 2006, [[Kyle Baker]]'s graphic novel, ''Nat Turner'', received the [[Eisner Awards|Eisner Award]] for Best Reality-Based Work and the [[Glyph Comics Awards|Glyph Comic Award]] for Best Story of the Year.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaffe |first=Meryl |date=February 19, 2014 |title=Using Graphic Novels in Education: Nat Turner – Comic Book Legal Defense Fund |url=https://cbldf.org/2014/02/using-graphic-novels-in-education-nat-turner/ |access-date=2022-12-10 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* Sharon Ewell Foster published her novel, ''The Resurrection of Nat Turner, Part One, The Witness, A Novel'' in 2011.<ref>Foster, Sharon Ewel. ''The Resurrection of Nat Turner, Part One, The Witness, A Novel''. Howard Books, 2011. {{ISBN|978-1-4165-7803-1}}.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Resurrection of Nat Turner |url=https://www.wunc.org/show/the-state-of-things/2011-08-31/the-resurrection-of-nat-turner |access-date=2024-02-21 |publisher=WUNC |language=en}}</ref>

=== Music ===
* The 1960s funk-soul band [[Nat Turner Rebellion (band)|Nat Turner Rebellion]] was named after Turner's slave revolt.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Kreps |first=Daniel |date=2019-03-26 |title=How a College Music Department Helped Unearth a Long-Lost Philly Funk-Soul Classic |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/nat-turner-rebellion-drexel-university-812739/ |access-date=2022-12-10 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US}}</ref>
* [[Chance The Rapper]]'s song "How Great" refers to Turner's rebellion in the line, "Hosanna Santa invoked and woke up enslaved people from Southampton to Chatham Manor."<ref>{{cite web |title=Hosanna Santa invoked and woke up enslaved individuals from Southampton to Chatham Manor |url=https://genius.com/9148002 |website=Genius}}</ref>
* In the early 1990s, [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] artist [[Tupac Shakur]] spoke in interviews about Nat Turner and his admiration for his spirit against oppression. Shakur also honored Turner with a cross tattoo on his back,  "EXODUS 1831", referring to the year Turner led the rebellion.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kitchens |first=Travis |date=2016-11-29 |title=Unfortunate Son: The roots of Tupac Shakur's rebellion |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/citypaper/bcp-113016-music-tupac-shakur-and-baltimore-20161129-story.html |access-date=2021-02-10 |work=[[The Baltimore Sun]]}}</ref>
* [[Tyler, the Creator]]'s opener "[[Foreword (Tyler, The Creator song)|Foreword]]" on his 2017 album [[Flower Boy]] contains the line, "How many slaves can it be 'til Nat Turner arrives?".

=== Theater ===

* African American theater educator Randolph Edmonds included ''Nat Turner: A Play in One Act'' in his ''Six Plays for the Negro Theatre'', published in 1934 for schools and colleges.<ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nat Turner: A Troublesome Property – Transcript |url=https://newsreel.org/transcripts/natturner.htm |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=newsreel.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kendt |first=Rob |date=November 4, 2019 |title=Nat Turner |url=https://www.backstage.com/magazine/article/nat-turner-22233/ |access-date=July 18, 2024 |website=Backstage}}</ref>
* In 1940, Paul Peter's play, ''Nat Turner'', was produced by the People's Drama Theater in New York City.<ref>[https://americanantiquarian.org/NatTurner/items/show/61 "People's Drama, Inc. presents Nat Turner by Paul Peters"]. ''Revisiting Rebellion: Nat Turner in the American Imagination'', American Antiquarian Society. Accessed December 10, 2022.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Script: 'Nat Turner"'/ by Paul Peters, 1939 |url=https://amistad-finding-aids.tulane.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/108823 |access-date=2024-07-18 |publisher=Amistad Research Center, Tulane University}}</ref><ref name=":7" />
* In 2011, ''Following Faith: A Nat Turner Story'', a play by Paula Neiman, was produced in Los Angeles.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-02-08 |title=Following Faith: A Nat Turner Story |url=http://www.natturnerstory.com/Nat_Turner_Story/Welcome.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208142336/http://www.natturnerstory.com/Nat_Turner_Story/Welcome.html |archive-date=February 8, 2011 |access-date=2022-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nat Turner: Following Faith |url=https://www.totaltheater.com/?q=node/6679 |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=totaltheater.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rampell |first=Ed |date=2015-11-03 |title=General Nat Turner, the Black Spartacus in a new play |url=https://www.peoplesworld.org/article/general-nat-turner-the-black-spartacus-in-a-new-play/ |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=People's World |language=en-US}}</ref>
* In 2016, the play ''Nat Turner in Jerusalem'', by Nathan Alan Davis was produced at the [[New York Theatre Workshop]], and in 2018 at the [[Forum Theatre (Washington, D.C.)|Forum Theatre]] in Washington, D.C.<ref name="2016-09-26-NYMag">{{cite news |last=Green |first=Jesse |date=September 26, 2016 |title=God's Will and God's Warning, in Nat Turner in Jerusalem |url=https://www.vulture.com/2016/09/theater-review-nat-turner-in-jerusalem.html |access-date=2021-11-15 |website=vulture.com |publisher=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Pressley |first=Nelson |date=March 20, 2018 |title=Nat Turner play at Forum Theatre gives the rebel the high ground |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/theater_dance/nat-turner-play-at-forum-theatre-gives-the-rebel-the-high-ground/2018/03/20/bc4126bc-2c4a-11e8-b0b0-f706877db618_story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180322202723/https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/theater_dance/nat-turner-play-at-forum-theatre-gives-the-rebel-the-high-ground/2018/03/20/bc4126bc-2c4a-11e8-b0b0-f706877db618_story.html |archive-date=March 22, 2018 |access-date=March 22, 2018 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Brantley |first=Ben |date=2016-09-27 |title=Review: 'Nat Turner in Jerusalem', an Avatar of Divine Vengeance |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/27/theater/nat-turner-in-jerusalem-review.html |access-date=2024-07-18 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
* In 2021, the [[Conejo Players Theatre]] streamed a live production of ''Nat's Last Struggle'' by playwright P. A. Wray.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nat's Last Struggle |url=https://conejoplayers.org/archive/NatsLastStruggle.html |access-date=2024-07-18 |website=Conejo Players Theatre}}</ref> The play was also performed virtually by the [[Virginia Stage Company]] in August 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=Virtual Reading of Nat's Last Struggle {{!}} Event Calendar |url=https://www.wavy.com/events-calendar/#!/details/virtual-reading-of-nat-s-last-struggle/8434765/2020-08-09T15 |access-date=July 18, 2024 |publisher=WAVY TV |archive-date=2024-07-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240718143601/https://www.wavy.com/events-calendar/#!/details/virtual-reading-of-nat-s-last-struggle/8434765/2020-08-09T15 |url-status=dead }}</ref>