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===After independence=== Since independence Namibia has completed the transition from white minority apartheid rule to parliamentary democracy. [[Multiparty democracy]] was introduced and has been maintained, with local, regional and [[Elections in Namibia|national elections]] held regularly. Several registered political parties are active and represented in the National Assembly, although the [[SWAPO]] has won every election since independence.<ref>{{cite web|title=Country report: Spotlight on Namibia|publisher=[[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] Secretariat|url=http://www.thecommonwealth.org/news/34580/34581/224187/250510spotlightonnamibia.htm|date=25 May 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100705012456/http://www.thecommonwealth.org/news/34580/34581/224187/250510spotlightonnamibia.htm|archive-date=5 July 2010}}</ref> The transition from the 15-year rule of President [[Sam Nujoma|Nujoma]] to his successor [[Hifikepunye Pohamba]] in 2005 went smoothly.<ref name="IRIN">{{cite news|title=IRIN country profile Namibia|agency=[[The New Humanitarian|IRIN]]|url=http://www.irinnews.org/country.aspx?CountryCode=NA&RegionCode=SAF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217173041/http://www.irinnews.org/country.aspx?CountryCode=NA&RegionCode=SAF|archive-date=17 February 2010|access-date=12 July 2010|date=March 2007}}</ref> Since independence, the Namibian government has promoted a policy of national reconciliation. It issued an amnesty for those who fought on either side during the liberation war. The civil war in Angola spilled over and adversely affected Namibians living in the north of the country. In 1998, [[Namibia Defence Force]] (NDF) troops were sent to the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]] as part of a [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC) contingent. In 1999, the national government quashed a secessionist attempt in the northeastern [[Caprivi Strip]].<ref name="IRIN"/> The [[Caprivi conflict]] was initiated by the [[Caprivi Liberation Army]] (CLA), a [[Rebellion|rebel]] group led by [[Mishake Muyongo]]. It wanted the Caprivi Strip to secede and form its own society.<ref>{{cite web |title=UNHCR Web Archive |url=https://webarchive.archive.unhcr.org/20230522035305/https://www.refworld.org/docid/3df4be774.html |website=webarchive.archive.unhcr.org}}</ref> In 2007, [[Twyfelfontein]] was inscribed as a cultural [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]], a prehistoric site with one of the largest concentrations of rock engravings on the African continent.<ref>{{cite web |title=Twyfelfontein (Namibia) {{!}} African World Heritage Sites |url=https://www.africanworldheritagesites.org/cultural-places/rock-art-pre-history/twyfelfontein.html |website=www.africanworldheritagesites.org}}</ref> In December 2014, Prime Minister [[Hage Geingob]], the candidate of ruling SWAPO, won the [[2014 Namibian general election|presidential elections]], taking 87% of the vote. His predecessor, President [[Hifikepunye Pohamba]], also of SWAPO, had served the maximum two terms allowed by the constitution.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-30285987|title=Namibian presidential election won by Swapo's Hage Geingob|publisher=BBC News|date=December 2014|access-date=21 April 2021|archive-date=21 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421133700/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-30285987|url-status=live}}</ref> In December 2019, President Hage Geingob was [[2019 Namibian general election|re-elected]] for a second term, taking 56.3% of the vote.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-50618516|title=Namibia's President Hage Geingob wins re-election|publisher=BBC News|date=December 2019|access-date=21 April 2021|archive-date=26 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226081154/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-50618516|url-status=live}}</ref> On 4 February 2024, President Hage Geingob died and he was immediately succeeded by vice-president [[Nangolo Mbumba]] as new President of Namibia who finished the late President's term as it came to an end in March 2025.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hage Geingob death: Namibia's new President Mbumba sworn-in hours after predecessor dies|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-68196412|date=4 February 2024|access-date=20 February 2024|archive-date=4 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204151557/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-68196412|url-status=live}}</ref> SWAPO's first female presidential candidate, [[Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah]], was declared the winner of the [[2024 Namibian general election|2024 elections]] with 57% of the vote.<ref>{{cite news |title=Namibia election: Swapo's Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah elected first female president |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yx0r14jrmo |work=www.bbc.com |date=4 December 2024}}</ref> On 21 March 2025, she was sworn in as Namibia's new president.<ref>{{cite news |title=Namibia swears in first female president Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cly8ln5g12wo |work=www.bbc.com |date=21 March 2025}}</ref>
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