Editing Moscow, Idaho (section)

==Geography==
Main Street runs north–south through Moscow along the [[117th meridian west]].

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|6.85|sqmi|sqkm}}, all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-12-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-07-02 }}</ref>

Moscow lies on the eastern edge of the [[Palouse]] region of [[North Central Idaho|north central Idaho]] in the [[Columbia River Plateau]]. East of the city is a valley within the mountains of the Palouse Range to the northeast, whose highest point is Moscow Mountain at {{convert|4983|ft}} above sea level.<ref name=tkastd>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=eMBeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bDEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4992%2C1188822 |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |last=Vogt |first=Andrea |title=Taking a stand |date=January 20, 1997 |page=1A}}</ref> The less prominent Paradise Ridge at {{convert|3702|ft}} and Tomer Butte at {{convert|3474|ft}} are southeast of the city.<ref>{{cite web|title=Geographic Names Information System|work=U.S. Geological Survey|publisher=U.S. Department of the Interior|year=1979|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/|access-date=2007-03-26}}</ref> Paradise Creek, with headwaters on Moscow Mountain to the northeast, flows through Moscow, then crosses the state border and joins the south fork of the [[Palouse River]] near Pullman, which eventually drains into the [[Snake River]] and [[Columbia River]] on its way to the Pacific Ocean.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Cronin|first=Amanda|title=Restoring Paradise in Moscow, Idaho|journal=Land and Water: The Magazine of Natural Resource Management and Restoration|volume=47|issue=2|pages=18–26|publisher=Land and Water, Inc|year=2003|url=http://www.landandwater.com/features/vol47no2/vol47no2_1.html|issn=0192-9453|access-date=2007-03-28}}</ref>

The [[geology]] in and around Moscow represents varied formations: very old intrusive [[granite]] structures of the [[Jurassic]]−[[Eocene]] [[Idaho Batholith]], fertile fields atop rolling hills of deep [[Pleistocene]] [[loess]] of the Palouse Formation deposited after the last ice age by westerly winds, and flood-worn channels of the [[Columbia River Basalt Group]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Gunter, Mickey|title=Geologic history of Latah County, Idaho|work=Mineralogy of Latah County, Idaho|year=1995|url=http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~mgunter/geol249/latah/latahgeo.html|access-date=2007-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040615095650/http://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/~mgunter/geol249/latah/latahgeo.html|archive-date=2004-06-15|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Harvey, J., V. Taube and D. Boyack|title=Idaho Batholith|work=Digital Atlas of Idaho|year=n.d.|url=http://imnh.isu.edu/digitalatlas/geo/bathlith/bathdex.htm|access-date=2012-05-15}}</ref>

There is a variety of flora and fauna within the vicinity of Moscow. An amphibian, the [[Rough-skinned Newt]], has a [[disjunctive population]] at Moscow; this species is found typically along the Pacific coast of the US.<ref>'Rough-skinned Newt (Taricha granulosa)', Globaltwitcher, ed. N. Stromberg {{cite web |url=http://www.globaltwitcher.com/artspec_information.asp?thingid=43182 |title=Rough-Skinned Newt (Taricha granulosa ) - - GlobalTwitcher.com |access-date=2009-04-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527153302/http://www.globaltwitcher.com/artspec_information.asp?thingid=43182 |archive-date=2009-05-27 }}</ref> The city sits at the boundary between the [[Palouse]] grasslands and wheat fields, and the conifer forests of the Rocky Mountains to the east.

===Climate===
According to the [[Köppen climate classification]] system, Moscow has either a [[warm-summer Mediterranean climate]] (''Csb'') or a dry-summer [[continental climate]] (''Dsb'').<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moscow climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Moscow weather averages - Climate-Data.org|url=https://en.climate-data.org/north-america/united-states-of-america/idaho/moscow-16110/|access-date=2021-12-25|website=en.climate-data.org}}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Moscow, Idaho ([[University of Idaho]]), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1893–present
|single line = Yes
|collapsed = yes
|Jan record high F = 58
|Feb record high F = 66
|Mar record high F = 73
|Apr record high F = 88
|May record high F = 94
|Jun record high F = 105
|Jul record high F = 105
|Aug record high F = 109
|Sep record high F = 100
|Oct record high F = 88
|Nov record high F = 73
|Dec record high F = 61

|Jan avg record high F = 49.5
|Feb avg record high F = 53.5
|Mar avg record high F = 64.6
|Apr avg record high F = 74.8
|May avg record high F = 83.2
|Jun avg record high F = 88.6
|Jul avg record high F = 96.6
|Aug avg record high F = 98.2
|Sep avg record high F = 91.9
|Oct avg record high F = 78.3
|Nov avg record high F = 60.2
|Dec avg record high F = 49.4
|year avg record high F = 99.1

|Jan high F = 37.4
|Feb high F = 42.0
|Mar high F = 50.1
|Apr high F = 58.0
|May high F = 67.3
|Jun high F = 73.4
|Jul high F = 84.4
|Aug high F = 85.6
|Sep high F = 76.2
|Oct high F = 60.5
|Nov high F = 44.9
|Dec high F = 36.4
|year high F =

|Jan mean F = 29.8
|Feb mean F = 32.9
|Mar mean F = 39.0
|Apr mean F = 45.0
|May mean F = 52.6
|Jun mean F = 57.7
|Jul mean F = 64.9
|Aug mean F = 65.4
|Sep mean F = 57.9
|Oct mean F = 46.6
|Nov mean F = 36.2
|Dec mean F = 29.0
|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 22.2
|Feb low F = 23.8
|Mar low F = 28.0
|Apr low F = 32.0
|May low F = 37.9
|Jun low F = 42.0
|Jul low F = 45.3
|Aug low F = 45.2
|Sep low F = 39.7
|Oct low F = 32.8
|Nov low F = 27.4
|Dec low F = 21.6
|year low F =

|Jan avg record low F = 4.2
|Feb avg record low F = 9.8
|Mar avg record low F = 16.8
|Apr avg record low F = 24.9
|May avg record low F = 28.2
|Jun avg record low F = 33.7
|Jul avg record low F = 37.3
|Aug avg record low F = 36.2
|Sep avg record low F = 29.0
|Oct avg record low F = 20.1
|Nov avg record low F = 13.2
|Dec avg record low F = 5.7
|year avg record low F = -4.8

|Jan record low F = -26
|Feb record low F = -26
|Mar record low F = -10
|Apr record low F = 11
|May record low F = 19
|Jun record low F = 28
|Jul record low F = 31
|Aug record low F = 30
|Sep record low F = 20
|Oct record low F = 2
|Nov record low F = -14
|Dec record low F = -42

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 3.33
|Feb precipitation inch = 2.56
|Mar precipitation inch = 3.05
|Apr precipitation inch = 2.75
|May precipitation inch = 2.60
|Jun precipitation inch = 1.73
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.66
|Aug precipitation inch = 0.70
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.01
|Oct precipitation inch = 2.40
|Nov precipitation inch = 3.52
|Dec precipitation inch = 3.47
|year precipitation inch =

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 16.0
|Feb precipitation days = 13.9
|Mar precipitation days = 15.5
|Apr precipitation days = 13.4
|May precipitation days = 11.4
|Jun precipitation days = 9.3
|Jul precipitation days = 4.4
|Aug precipitation days = 3.6
|Sep precipitation days = 5.5
|Oct precipitation days = 10.9
|Nov precipitation days = 16.1
|Dec precipitation days = 15.9
|snow colour = green
|Jan snow inch = 14.5
|Feb snow inch = 8.6
|Mar snow inch = 4.9
|Apr snow inch = 1.0
|May snow inch = 0.2
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.2
|Nov snow inch = 6.0
|Dec snow inch = 15.5
|year snow inch =

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 6.3
|Feb snow days = 5.0
|Mar snow days = 3.2
|Apr snow days = 1.1
|May snow days = 0.3
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.3
|Nov snow days = 3.2
|Dec snow days = 7.8

|Jan snow depth inch = 9.0
|Feb snow depth inch = 5.3
|Mar snow depth inch = 2.5
|Apr snow depth inch = 0.1
|May snow depth inch = 0.0
|Jun snow depth inch = 0.0
|Jul snow depth inch = 0.0
|Aug snow depth inch = 0.0
|Sep snow depth inch = 0.0
|Oct snow depth inch = 0.0
|Nov snow depth inch = 2.5
|Dec snow depth inch = 7.0
|year snow depth inch = 11.7

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00106152&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Moscow U of I, ID
|access-date = February 18, 2023
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=otx
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Spokane
|access-date = February 18, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}