Editing Montevideo (section)

===Post-war era===
[[File:Calle Washington en Ciudad Vieja, Montevideo, Uruguay.jpg|left|thumb|233x233px|A street in Montevideo's Ciudad Vieja.]]
Uruguay began to stagnate economically in the mid-1950s; Montevideo began a decline, later exacerbated by widespread social and political violence beginning in 1968 (including the emergence of the guerrilla [[Movimiento de Liberación Nacional-Tupamaros]]<ref name=HD1900 />) and by the [[Civic-military dictatorship of Uruguay (1973-1985)]].<!--({{ill|es|Dictadura_c%C3%ADvico-militar_en_Uruguay_%281973-1985%29}})--> There were major problems with supply; the immigration cycle was reversed.

From the 1960s to the end of the dictatorship in 1985, around one hundred people died or [[Forced disappearance|disappeared]] because of political violence. In 1974 another hundred Uruguayans also disappeared in Argentina.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Violencia |url=http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302094006/http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=17 November 2009 |website=Tacuy.com.uy |language=es}}</ref> In 1980, the dictatorship proposed a new constitution. The project was submitted to a [[referendum]] and rejected in the first polls since 1971, with 58% of the votes against and 42% in favor. The result weakened the military and triggered its fall, allowing the return of democracy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Plebiscito constitucional de 1980 |url=http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302094006/http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=17 November 2009 |website=Tacuy.com.uy |language=es}}</ref>

In the 1980s, Pope [[John Paul II]] visited the city twice. In April 1987, as head of state of [[Vatican City|Vatican]], he signed a mediation agreement for the conflict of the [[Beagle Channel]].<ref name="VisPap">{{Cite web |title=Visitas de Juan Pablo II |url=http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302094006/http://www.tacuy.com.uy/Servicios/Montevideo/index.htm |archive-date=2 March 2009 |access-date=17 November 2009 |website=Tacuy.com.uy |language=es}}</ref> He also held a large mass in [[Tres Cruces]], declaring the cross located behind the altar as a monument. In 1988, he returned to the country, visiting Montevideo, [[Florida, Uruguay|Florida]], [[Salto, Uruguay|Salto]] and [[Melo, Uruguay|Melo]].<ref name=VisPap />