Editing Monocotyledon (section)

====Flowers====
In nearly all cases the [[perianth|perigone]] consists of two alternating [[trimerous]] [[whorl (botany)|whorls]] of [[tepals]], being [[wikt:homochlamydeous|homochlamydeous]], without differentiation between [[calyx (flower)|calyx]] and [[corolla (flower)|corolla]]. In [[wikt:zoophilous|zoophilous]] (pollinated by animals) taxa, both whorls are [[corolline]] (petal-like). [[Anthesis]] (the period of flower opening) is usually [[wikt:fugacious|fugacious]] (short lived). Some of the more persistent perigones demonstrate [[thermonastic]] opening and closing (responsive to changes in temperature). About two thirds of monocots are [[zoophilous]], predominantly by [[insects]]. These plants need to advertise to pollinators and do so by way of [[Glossary of botanical terms#phaneranthous|phaneranthous]] (showy) flowers. Such optical signalling is usually a function of the tepal whorls but may also be provided by [[semaphylls]] (other structures such as [[stamen|filaments]], [[staminodes]] or [[stylodia]] which have become modified to attract pollinators). However, some monocot plants may have [[Glossary of botanical terms#aphananthous|aphananthous]] (inconspicuous) flowers and still be pollinated by animals. In these the plants rely either on chemical attraction or other structures such as coloured [[bracts]] fulfill the role of optical attraction. In some phaneranthous plants such structures may reinforce floral structures. The production of fragrances for olfactory signalling are common in monocots. The perigone also functions as a landing platform for pollinating insects.
{{sfn|Vogel|1998}}