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===Asia=== {{See also|Aging of Japan|Aging of South Korea|l2=South Korea|Aging of China|l3=China}} Chinese millennials are commonly called the [[post-80s]] and [[post-90s]] generations. At a 2015 conference in Shanghai organized by [[University of Southern California]]'s US–China Institute, millennials in China were examined and contrasted with American millennials. Findings included millennials' marriage, childbearing, and child raising preferences, life and career ambitions, and attitudes towards volunteerism and activism.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://china.usc.edu/video-millennialminds|title=Video: #MillennialMinds|date=2015|publisher=University of Southern California}}</ref> Due to the [[one-child policy]] introduced in the late 1970s, one-child households have become the norm in China, leading to rapid population aging, especially in the cities where the costs of living are much higher than in the countryside.<ref name="French-2020">{{Cite news|last=French|first=Howard|date=June 2020|title=China's Twilight Years|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/06/chinas-twilight-years/480768/|access-date=13 August 2020}}</ref> As a result of cultural ideals, government policy, and modern medicine, there has been severe gender imbalances in China and India. According to the United Nations, in 2018, there were 112 Chinese males aged 15 to 29 for every hundred females in that age group. That number in India was 111. China had a total of 34 million excess males and India 37 million, more than the entire population of Malaysia. Such a discrepancy fuels loneliness epidemics, human trafficking (from elsewhere in Asia, such as Cambodia and Vietnam), and prostitution, among other societal problems.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-reads/article/2142658/too-many-men-china-and-india-battle-consequences|title=Too many men: China and India battle with the consequences of gender imbalance|last1=Deyner|first1=Simon|date=24 April 2018|work=South China Morning Post|access-date=6 December 2019|last2=Gowen|first2=Annie}}</ref> Singapore's birth rate has fallen below the replacement level of 2.1 since the 1980s before stabilizing by during the 2000s and 2010s.<ref name="Sin-2018" /> (It reached 1.14 in 2018, making it the lowest since 2010 and one of the lowest in the world.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/number-of-babies-born-here-drops-to-8-year-low|title=Number of babies born in Singapore drops to 8-year low|last=Sin|first=Yuen|date=22 July 2019|work=Straits Times|access-date=27 December 2019|department=Singapore}}</ref>) Government incentives such as the baby bonus have proven insufficient to raise the birth rate. Singapore's experience mirrors those of Japan and South Korea.<ref name="Sin-2018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/govt-aid-alone-not-enough-to-raise-birth-rate-minister|title=Govt aid alone not enough to raise birth rate: Minister|last=Sin|first=Yuen|date=2 March 2018|work=Straits Times|access-date=27 December 2019|department=Singapore}}</ref> Vietnam's median age in 2018 was 26 and rising. Between the 1970s and the late 2010s, life expectancy climbed from 60 to 76.<ref name="TheEconomist-2018c">{{Cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/asia/2018/11/08/vietnam-is-getting-old-before-it-gets-rich|title=Vietnam is getting old before it gets rich|date=8 November 2018|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=8 February 2020}}</ref> It is now the second highest in Southeast Asia. Vietnam's fertility rate dropped from 5 in 1980 to 3.55 in 1990 and then to 1.95 in 2017. In that same year, 23% of the Vietnamese population was 15 years of age or younger, down from almost 40% in 1989.<ref name="Hutt-2017">{{Cite news|last=Hutt|first=David|url=https://thediplomat.com/2017/10/will-vietnam-grow-old-before-it-gets-rich/|title=Will Vietnam Grow Old Before it Gets Rich?|date=2 October 2017|work=The Diplomat|access-date=8 February 2020|department=ASEAN Beat}}</ref> Other rapidly growing Southeast Asian countries, such as the Philippines, saw similar demographic trends.<ref>{{Cite news|work=Business Wire|url=https://apnews.com/e003c55a028f4cfcae7c1e17c60d21f7|title=Focus on the bleak ramifications of falling fertility rates in South East Asian countries|date=6 May 2019|agency=Associated Press|access-date=8 February 2020}}</ref> <gallery class="center" widths="300" heights="209" mode="packed" caption="Population pyramids of India, China, and Singapore in 2016"> File:Population pyramid of India 2016.png File:Population pyramid of China 2016.png File:Population pyramid of Singapore 2016.png </gallery>
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