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==Geography and climate== {{More citations needed section|date=October 2021}} Aside from the town of Middelburg, the municipality also includes several population centres, including: [[Arnemuiden]], [[Kleverskerke]], [[Nieuw- en Sint Joosland]] and [[Sint Laurens]]. The town is close to the coast but the distance of 10–15 km means the winters are somewhat colder with especially lower winter minima and higher summer maxima. It has a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb) with few extremes. Winters tend to be mild, especially considering the northern latitude, summers are cool and precipitation is spread out evenly over the year. All seasons are warming up by about 0.5 °C/decade due to anthropogenic warming. The extremes measured since 2000, 2 km northeast of the town in the countryside with calibrated equipment have been −17.2 °C on 4 February 2012 and 40.9 °C on 25 July 2019,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Zeel|first=Meteo|date=2019-07-25|title=Ongekende hitte in de polder|url=https://meteozeeland.nl/2019/07/25/ongekende-hitte-in-de-polder/|access-date=2020-09-19|website=Meteo Zeeland|language=nl}}</ref> the latter unofficially being a new Dutch all-time high record, slightly above the 40.7 °C measured at Gilzerijen KNMI and 40.6 °C in Westdorpe. Vlissingen KNMI measured −11.0 °C and 37.5 °C on the same dates, clearly showing how much the influence is diminished just 8 km further inland. The climate is warming due to anthropogenic influences, clearly witnessed by the fact that the previous record of 37.5 °C was measured just a year before. Also, in the past minima have been at and probably below −20 °C in winter months. Snowcover, days with airfrost and icedays (Tx < 0.0 °C) have greatly diminished and with it ice speedskating on the canals, a favourite sport in the winter months, has become very infrequent since 2013 especially.
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