Editing Matsuo Bashō (section)

===Early centuries===
[[File:100 views edo 040.jpg|thumb|"Bashō's Hermitage and Camellia Hill on the Kanda Aqueduct at Sekiguchi" from [[Hiroshige]]'s ''[[One Hundred Famous Views of Edo]]'']]
Rather than sticking to the formulas of {{nihongo|''[[kigo]]''|季語|}}, which remain popular in Japan even today, Bashō aspired to reflect his real environment and emotions in his ''hokku''.{{sfn |Ueda |1970 |p=50}} Even during his lifetime, the effort and style of his poetry was widely appreciated; after his death, it only increased. Several of his students compiled quotations from him about his own poetry, most notably [[Mukai Kyorai]] and Hattori Dohō.{{sfn|Ueda|1992|p=7}}

During the 18th century, appreciation of Bashō's poems grew more fervent, and commentators such as Ishiko Sekisui and Moro Nanimaru went to great length to find references in his ''hokku'' to historical events, medieval books, and other poems. These commentators were often lavish in their praise of Bashō's obscure references, some of which were probably literary [[false cognate]]s. In 1793 Bashō was deified by the Shinto bureaucracy, and for a time criticizing his poetry was literally blasphemous.{{sfn|Ueda|1992|p=7}}

In the late 19th century, this period of unanimous passion for Bashō's poems came to an end. [[Masaoka Shiki]], arguably Bashō's most famous critic, tore down the long-standing orthodoxy with his bold and candid objections to Bashō's style.{{sfn|Ueda|1992|p=7}} However, Shiki was also instrumental in making Bashō's poetry accessible in English,<ref>{{cite journal |last=Burleigh |first=David |title=Book Review: ''Now, to Be! Shiki's Haiku Moments for Us Today'' |page=127 |journal=Modern Haiku |issn=0026-7821 |volume=35 |issue=2 |date=Summer 2004}}</ref> and to leading intellectuals and the Japanese public at large. He invented the term ''[[haiku]]'' (replacing ''[[hokku]]'') to refer to the freestanding 5–7–5 form which he considered the most artistic and desirable part of the ''haikai no renga''.{{sfn|Ueda|1992|p=7}}

Basho was illustrated in one of [[Tsukioka Yoshitoshi]]'s [[ukiyo-e]] [[Woodblock printing in Japan|woodblock print]]s from the ''[[One Hundred Aspects of the Moon]]'' collection, c. 1885-1892.<ref>{{cite web|title=One Hundred Aspects of the Moon: Seson Temple Moon - Captain Yoshitaka, Library of Congress|website=[[Library of Congress]] |language=English|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/2021669014/#|accessdate = 2022-02-11}}</ref> His [[Bunkyō]] hermitage was illustrated by [[Hiroshige]] in the ''[[One Hundred Famous Views of Edo]]'' collection, published around 1857.<ref>{{cite book |title=One Hundred Famous Views of Edo |last1=Trede |first1=Melanie |last2=Bichler |first2=Lorenz |year=2010 |publisher=[[Taschen]] |location=Cologne |isbn=978-3-8365-2120-8}}</ref>