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===Late archaeology=== [[File:Marija-Gimbutas-newgrange.jpg|thumb|upright|Marija Gimbutas by Kerbstone 52, at the back of [[Newgrange]], [[County Meath]], [[Ireland]], in September 1989]] Gimbutas gained fame and notoriety in the [[English-speaking world]] with her last three English-language books: ''The Goddesses and Gods of Old Europe'' (1974); ''The Language of the Goddess'' (1989), which inspired an exhibition in [[Wiesbaden]], 1993โ94; and the last of the three, ''The Civilization of the Goddess'' (1991), which, based on her documented archaeological findings, presented an overview of her conclusions about Neolithic cultures across Europe: housing patterns, social structure, art, religion, and the nature of literacy. The ''Goddess'' trilogy articulated what Gimbutas saw as the differences between the [[Old Europe (archaeology)|Old European]] system, which she considered goddess- and woman-centered ([[gynocentric]]), and the Bronze Age Indo-European [[patriarchal]] ("androcratic") culture which supplanted it.<ref>{{cite book |author-last=Hayden |author-first=Brian |year=1987 |chapter=Old Europe: Sacred Matriarchy or Complementary Opposition? |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qY973Ah43qoC&pg=PA17 |editor-last=Bonanno |editor-first=Anthony |title=Archaeology and Fertility Cult in the Ancient Mediterranean: Papers Presented at the First International Conference on Archaeology of the Ancient Mediterranean, the University of Malta, 2-5 September 1985 |location=[[Amsterdam]] |publisher=[[John Benjamins Publishing Company|B. R. Grรผner]] |pages=17โ30 |isbn=9789060322888}}</ref> According to her interpretations, gynocentric (or ''[[matristic]]'') societies were peaceful, honored women, and espoused [[Economic egalitarianism|economic equality]].{{Citation needed|reason=Reliable source needed for the whole sentence|date=January 2020}} The androcratic, or male-dominated, Kurgan peoples, on the other hand, invaded Europe and imposed upon its natives the hierarchical rule of male warriors.
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