Editing Manneken Pis (section)

==Traditions==

===Costumes and wardrobe===
[[File:Brussel MP Dressed Up.jpg|thumb|''Manneken Pis'' being dressed by the ''Technica'' student's class of [[Erasmus Brussels University of Applied Sciences and Arts|Erasmus Brussels University]]]]

''Manneken Pis'' is dressed in costumes, several times each week, according to a published schedule, which is posted on the railings around the fountain. Since 1954, the costumes are managed by the non-profit association ''The Order of the Friends of Manneken Pis'', who review hundreds of designs submitted each year, and select a small number to be produced and used.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/picturegalleries/8550757/Manneken-Pis-costumes-worn-by-the-statue-of-the-urinating-toddler-in-Brussels.html|title=Manneken Pis: costumes worn by the statue of the urinating toddler in Brussels|work=The Telegraph|access-date=24 June 2017}}</ref> His wardrobe consists of around one thousand different costumes, many of which could previously be viewed in a permanent exhibition inside the [[Brussels City Museum]], located on the [[Grand-Place]], immediately opposite the [[Brussels Town Hall|Town Hall]].{{sfn|Mardaga|1989|p=263}}{{sfn|De Roose|1999|p=22}} In February 2017, a specially designed museum, called ''GardeRobe MannekenPis'', opened its doors at 19, {{lang|fr|rue du Chêne|italic=no}}/{{lang|nl|Eikstraat|italic=no}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-belgium-mannekenpis-museum-idUSKBN15I1DW|title=New Brussels museum displays costumes of Manneken Pis statue|date=3 February 2017|work=Reuters|access-date=2017-08-20}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.brusselsmuseums.be/en/museums/garderobe-mannekenpis|title=GardeRobe MannekenPis|date=2017-03-10|website=Brussels Museums|language=en|access-date=2019-12-15}}</ref>

Although the proliferation of costumes is of 20th-century origin,{{sfn|Couvreur|Deknop|Symons|2005}} their occasional use dates back almost to the date of casting. The oldest evidence of the tradition of dressing ''Manneken Pis'' dates from 1615; during the [[Ommegang of Brussels]] organised that year in honour of Archduchess [[Isabella Clara Eugenia|Isabella]], sovereign of the [[Spanish Netherlands]], ''Manneken Pis'' was dressed in a shepherd's costume.{{sfn|Vautier|Houbrechts|Van Sprang|2012|p=129–142}}{{sfn|Patigny|2019|p=96}} He received his first costume on 1 May 1698 from the [[List of governors of the Habsburg Netherlands|Governor of the Austrian Netherlands]], [[Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria|Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria]], during the festivities of one of the [[Guilds of Brussels]].{{sfn|Henne|Wauters|1845}}{{sfn|De Roose|1999|p=20}} The oldest costume on display in the City Museum, the gentleman's gown offered by King [[Louis XV]], is of 18th-century origin.{{sfn|Mardaga|1989|p=263}}{{sfn|De Roose|1999|p=20–22}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Le plus ancien costume conservé|url=https://www.mannekenpis.brussels/fr/le-plus-ancien-costume-conserve|access-date=2021-11-13|website=GardeRobe MannekenPis|language=fr-BE}}</ref> In 1756, an inventory indicates that ''Manneken Pis'' had five complete costumes. From 1918 to 1940, he was offered some thirty costumes. But it was especially after 1945 that the movement took on an exceptional dimension; he had more than 400 costumes in 1994, more than 750 in 2005, and more than 950 in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.manneken-pis.be/en/?page_id=195|title=List of costume {{!}} Manneken Pis|website=www.manneken-pis.be|language=en-US|access-date=2017-08-20|archive-date=20 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820160553/http://www.manneken-pis.be/en/?page_id=195|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2018, ''Manneken Pis'' received his 1000th costume, created by fashion designer [[Jean-Paul Lespagnard]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=McNally |first=Paul |date=2018-05-13 |title=Manneken Pis puts on his 1,000th costume |url=https://www.thebulletin.be/manneken-pis-puts-his-1000th-costume |access-date=2024-07-16 |website=The Bulletin |language=en}}</ref>

The costume change on the figure is a colourful ceremony, often accompanied by brass band music. Many costumes represent the national dress of nations whose citizens come to Brussels as tourists; others are the uniforms of assorted trades, professions, associations, and branches of the civil and military services. As well as historical clothing, the wardrobe also contains modern costumes, such as ones of [[Dracula]], [[Mickey Mouse]] and [[Santa Claus]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sileghem|first=Ayla|title=The Legendary Stories of Manneken Pis|url=https://theculturetrip.com/europe/belgium/articles/the-legendary-stories-of-manneken-pis/|access-date=2021-08-15|website=Culture Trip|date=24 January 2016}}</ref> In the past, the costume was cut without a cutting pattern. The sleeves were padded with cotton wool and ended with gloves. It is only since 1945 that a pattern allowed the making of more fitted costumes.

===Folklore===
The ''Order of the Friends of Manneken Pis'' was founded in 1954 and has more than 150 members. The objective of the Order is to stimulate the cultural, tourist, [[philanthropy|philanthropic]] and commercial development of Belgium in general, and more particularly to preserve the traditions linked to ''Manneken Pis''. The Order is always present during the ceremonies surrounding the presentation of new costumes and during the statue's official greetings and anniversaries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ordre des Amis de Manneken-Pis |url=https://ordre-manneken-pis.wikeo.net/accueil.html |access-date=2024-07-20 |website=Ordre des Amis de Manneken-Pis |language=fr}}</ref>

On certain folkloric occasions (e.g. [[St V|Saint-Verhaegen]], [[Meyboom]] plantation), ''Manneken Pis'' is hooked up to a keg of beer. Cups are filled up with the beer flowing from the statue and given out to passers-by.{{sfn|De Vries|2003|p=51–54}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hln.be/hln/nl/959/Bizar/article/detail/1122097/2010/06/21/Manneken-Pis-plaste-Maltees-bier.dhtml|title=HLN Bizar - Manneken Pis plaste Maltees bier (1122097)|publisher=Hln.be|access-date=2011-12-08}}</ref>

<gallery widths="170" heights="170" class="center">
File:Manneken Pis dracula.jpg|''Manneken Pis'' dressed as [[Dracula]] (15 March 2002)
File:MannekenPisDiablada.jpg|''Manneken Pis'' in [[Diablada]] ([[Bolivia]]) (786th costume, 3 March 2007)
File:Manneken Pis arquebusier.jpg|Replica of the outfit offered by [[Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria|Maximilien Emanuel of Bavaria]] in 1698 (17 October 2009)
File:Manneken pis costume ordre des amis.jpg|25th anniversary of the ''Order of the Friends of Manneken Pis'' (3 September 2011)
File:Manneken Pis en costume des Lignages de Bruxelles.jpg|''Manneken Pis'' dressed as a [[burgomaster]] from the [[Seven Noble Houses of Brussels]] (902nd costume, 22 June 2013{{efn|name=fn4|This costume was gifted by the ''[[Association Royale des Descendants des Lignages de Bruxelles|Association des Descendants des Lignages de Bruxelles]]''.}}
File:Manneken-Pis et Adolphe Sax.jpg|A [[saxophone]] for ''Manneken Pis'' on the 200th birthday of [[Adolphe Sax]] (6 November 2014)
File:Manneken-Pis 1000th costume (DSCF6202).jpg|''Manneken Pis'' in his 1000th costume, designed by {{ill|Jean-Paul Lespagnard|fr|Jean-Paul Lespagnard}} (13 May 2018)
</gallery>