Editing Lullaby (section)

==By geography==
{{more citations needed|section|date=January 2016}}

===Americas===
====[[Brazil]]====
"Dorme neném" (Sleep Little Baby) is sung all over the country and includes a reference to "[[Coco (folklore)|Cuca]]", a folk character very feared by children.

====[[Colombia]]====
"Duérmete niño, duérmete ya, que si no viene el coco y te comerá" (Go to sleep child, go to sleep now, otherwise the boogie man will come and eat you) is a cradle song sung by parents to advise children to go to sleep soon.

===Asia===
====[[India]]====
In [[Hindi]] and in many Indian languages, the lullaby is called "Lori". Mostly, lullabies are sung in folk languages. Lullabies have been also an integral part of Indian cinema. Many lullabies were written and composed in the fifties, such as:

* "Aaja Ri Aa Nindiya Tu Aa" – ''[[Do Bigha Zamin]]'' (1953 film)
* "Main Gaoon Tu Chhup Ho Jaa" – ''[[Do Aankhen Barah Haath]]'' (1957 film)
* "So Jaa Re Lalna Jhulao Tohe Palna" – ''[[Journey Beyond Three Seas]]'' (1957 film)

In the [[Malayalam]] language, there is a rich collection of traditional lullabies, known as "tharaattu Pattu". One of the most famous is "[[Omanathinkal Kidavo]]", written and composed by poet lyricist Iravi Varman Thampi who is widely known as [[Irayimman Thampi]]. This lullaby was written in the year 1813 for the queen of [[Travancore]] to sing to her son young prince [[Swathi Thirunal]], who later became the king and a famous musician (composed many [[Keerthana]]s in a [[Raga]] Dheerasankarabharanam commonly known as [[Sankarabharanam (raga)|Sankarabharanam]]).

In the [[Marathi language]], a lullaby is called a ''angai geet''. Soothing words and music helps baby calm down and help them sleep.

In the [[Odia language]], a lullaby is called a ''Nanabaya gita''. A book in the same name by Nanda Kishore bal that was published in two volumes in 1934 is a major compilation of the known lullabies in the language.<ref name="Hunt2003">{{cite book|author=Peter Hunt|title=International Companion Encyclopedia of Children's Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7doBUwzbWh4C&pg=PA804|date=2 September 2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-87993-9|pages=804–}}</ref>

In the [[Tamil language]], a lullaby is called a ''thaalattu'' (''thal'' means "tongue"). A melodious sound is created by frequent movement of the tongue at the beginning of the song. In the 9th century CE, [[Kulasekhara Alvar]] composed the lullaby titled ''"Mannu pugazh Kosalai than"'' (meaning "To famous [[Kausalya]]...") in honour of [[Rama]].

In [[Telugu language]], a lullaby is called a "Jola" or "Jola pata". A famous Telugu lullaby is "jo achuthaa nanda jo jo mukunda".

====Philippines====
In the [[Philippines]], the song is known as the ''oyayi''. The province of [[Batangas]] has a very specialized form of lullaby known as the ''huluna''. Though only composed of simple words, it is notable for being very difficult to sing, due to the lengthy [[melisma]]s. Like many traditional songs from [[Spain]], it is full of [[fioriture]] yet unlike many of the western type songs, it has no time signature. [[Sa Ugoy ng Duyan]] is a popular Filipino lullaby song composed by [[Lucio San Pedro]] with lyrics by [[Levi Celerio]] in 1948.

====[[Kurdistan]]====
In [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]] lullaby is called ''Laylaye'' or ''Lawk'' is a prominent piece of art in Kurdish society, and mostly women and mothers sing this, which usually means the oppression and genocide of the Kurds, or a reason away from someone or [[homeland]].

====[[Vietnam]]====
In [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], lullabies are called "bài hát ru". One famous Vietnamese lullaby is the song, "Ầu ơ ví dầu". Vietnamese lullabies are hard to sing because of their extended [[melismas]]. The lullabies usually include pastoral scenes of villages, bamboo bridges, rice fields, farming, and meals made by a mother. They usually have a melancholy tone.

====[[China]]====
* The "[[Northeastern Cradle Song]]" is from northern [[China]].
* [[Cantonese language|Cantonese]] cradle song "Yuet Kwong Kwong" (月光光), literally ''[[Moonlight]]'', prevails in [[Guangdong]].

====[[Indonesia]]====
"Nina Bobo" is from Indonesia.

====[[Japan]]====
The "[[Edo Lullaby]]", "[[Itsuki Lullaby]]", "[[Chūgoku Region Lullaby]]", "[[Shimabara Lullaby]]" and "[[Takeda Lullaby]]" are from Japan.

====Bangladesh====
In [[Bangladesh]], the lullaby is termed "Ghum-Parrani-Gaan" (song to make sleep). Examples of Bangla lullabies are "Ghum-Parrani Maashi, Pishi" and "Baash baganer mathar upor".<ref>Burnard, P.; Mackinlay, E.; Powell, K.; The Routledge International Handbook of Intercultural Arts Research. New York: Routledge, 2016. Print</ref>

====[[Iran]]====
"Laay laay, laay, laay, gol-e laaleh" ({{langx|fa|لای لای، لای، لای، گل لاله}}) is one of the most famous and oldest [[Persian language|Persian]] lullabies which comes from the Gorgan region in North-Eastern [[Iran]].<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/vZrC18vP250 Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20140630085538/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZrC18vP250 Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZrC18vP250 | title=Persian Lullaby in Swedish Church | publisher=PDN | access-date=16 January 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

===Europe===
====[[Czech Republic|Czech]]====
"Spi, Janíčku, spi" ("Sleep, Johny, sleep") – This playful lullaby was collected in [[Moravia]] by [[František Sušil]] (1804–1868), a priest and an activist of Czech national revival. He collected songs in Moravia and [[Silesia]] as well as in Slavic villages in [[Austria]]. This lullaby uses a specific name of the child, Janíček, a familiar form of the very common male name Jan. Nonsense is employed here, as the boy is promised not only a green and a red apple but also a blue one if he falls asleep.

"Ukolébavka" ("Lullaby") – This lullaby was published in 1633 in The Informatorium of the School of Infancy by [[Johann Amos Comenius]] (1592–1670). The book is likely to be the first treatise on the development and educating infants and children up to six in the family. Comenius stressed among other things the necessity of sensory and emotional stimuli at an early age. Thus, he included for mothers and nurses the Czech text and the score of the originally German lullaby by 16th century preacher Mathesius.

"Hajej, můj andílku" ("Sleep, My Little Angel") – This is one of the most melodious Czech lullabies, first collected by [[Karel Jaromír Erben]] (1811–1870), Czech romantic writer, poet and collector of Czech folk songs and fairy tales. The text refers specifically to the mother rocking her baby.

"Halí, dítě" ("Hullee, baby") – This lullaby was collected by [[František Bartoš (folklorist)|František Bartoš]] (1837–1906), pedagogue and ethnographer who collected Moravian songs. The second line says the carer will leave after the child falls asleep, but in the third line we learn that only to the garden in the valley to pick raspberries.

"Halaj, belaj, malučký" ("Sleep, Sleep, Little One") – This lullaby is from the east of Moravia, where the dialect is influenced by the Slovak language, and also folk songs are similar to the Slovak ones from across the border. A boy is promised the essential food for infants, kašička, a smooth mixture made of milk and flour.

====[[Denmark|Danish]]====
"Elefantens vuggevise" ("The Elephant's Lullaby") – This lullaby is considered one of the most popular lullabies in Denmark. Using exotic animals as theme, the lyrics are simple and easily understood by a child. It was made politically correct in the 1990s: The word ''negerdreng'' (Negro boy) was changed to kokosnød (coconut).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.denstoredanske.dk/Samfund,_jura_og_politik/Samfund/Statsl%C3%A6re_og_politisk_videnskabsteori/politisk_korrekthed | title=politisk korrekthed – Gyldendal – Den Store Danske | publisher=Gyldendal | work=Den Store Danske | access-date=31 October 2012}}</ref> The song was written in 1948 by the Danish writer and poet Harald H. Lund with music composed by writer-musician Mogens Jermiin Nissen (1906–72).

"Godnatsang" ("Goodnight Song") – This is a popular lullaby that was composed (lyrics and music) by [[Sigurd Barrett]] (born 1967), pianist, composer and host of a children's TV programme in Denmark, and fellow musician Steen Nikolaj Hansen. Sigurd usually sings this song at the end of his children's show. This lullaby has sleeping time as theme: The day is over and we must sleep and rest so we will be fresh again in the morning.

"Mues sang få Hansemand" ("Mother's Song to Little Hans") – This lullaby originated from south [[Jutland]] and is very old (year of composition is unknown). It is not well known in Denmark. This may, in part, be due to the fact that it was written in Jutlandic dialect. The lyrics were written by Marie Thulesen (1878–1924) with music by the Danish musician Oluf Ring (1884–1946).

"Jeg vil tælle stjernerne" ("I Will Count the Stars") – This lullaby was written in 1951 by the Danish poet and writer [[Halfdan Rasmussen]] (1915–2002). Rasmussen had written numerous rhymes and jingles, some of which are still being used in Danish beginner classes in public schools (e.g. the picture book "Halfdans ABC"). This lullaby's music was composed by Hans Dalgaard (1919–81). The song is a simple story of a child who tries to count the stars with his/her fingers and toes.

====[[Netherlands|Dutch]]====
"Slaap kindje slaap" – The text is mostly chosen for its rhyme. Sleep, little child, sleep. Outside a sheep is walking. A sheep with white feet, it drinks its milk so sweet.

"Maantje tuurt, maantje gluurt" – Older Dutch lullaby. Look the moon peeps and spies through the window. Have the children already gone to bed? Yes moon, they're lying in bed. Good, tomorrow will be a new day of playing and learning.

====English====
Many medieval English verses associated with the birth of Jesus take the form of a lullaby, including "[[Lullay, mine liking|Lullay, my liking, my dere son, my sweting]]" and may be versions of contemporary lullabies.<ref name="M. Prichard, 1984 pp. 326">{{citation| first1= H. |last1= Carpenter |first2= M. |last2= Prichard| title= The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature| publisher= Oxford University Press| year= 1984|page= 326}}</ref> However, most of those used today date from the seventeenth century onwards. Some of the best known English-language lullabies originate from the US, notably "[[Bye, baby Bunting]]" and "[[Hush, Little Baby]]".

====[[Germany|German]]====
"[[Der Mond ist aufgegangen]]" ("The moon has risen"), "[[Es kam ein Herr zum Schlößli]]" ("A knight came to the castle"), "[[Guten Abend, gute Nacht]]" ("Good evening, good night"), "[[Weißt du, wie viel Sternlein stehen]]" ("Do you know how many stars there are?") and "[[Schlaf, Kindlein, schlaf]]" ("Sleep, dear child, sleep") became widely known in the 18th and 19th century and still are.

====[[Hungary|Hungarian]]====
The [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] words for "lullaby" are {{Langx|hu|altatódal|links=no|lit=put-to-sleep song|label=none}}, {{Langx|hu|altató|links=no|lit=[something that] puts [someone] to sleep|label=none}}, and {{Langx|hu|bölcsődal|links=no|lit=cradle song|label=none}}. Another, now [[archaism|archaic]] and little-used word is {{Langx|hu|csucsujgató|links=no|lit=[something that] puts [someone] to sleep; nuzzling/cuddling [song]|label=none}}. In Hungary, lullabies did not develop into an independent genre, and most [[Folk music|folk]] lullabies are from before the [[Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin]] ({{Langx|hu|honfoglalás|links=no|lit=conquest of the homeland|label=}}). Relatively little foreign impact can be seen in them, but many changes came from their use in schools. A discernable subtype are {{Langx|hu|Mária-énekek|links=no|lit=Mary songs|label=none}}, [[Christmas]] lullabies sung in the name of [[Mary, mother of Jesus]]. Most cradle-songs use {{Langx|hu|ringatószavak|links=no|lit=rocking words|label=none}} that are meaningless, archaic, or come from [[baby talk]], as well as many [[Term of endearment|terms of endearment]] such as {{Langx|hu|baba, bogárka, csibe, angyal, kedves, rózsabimbó|links=no|lit=baby, beetle, chick, angel, dear, rosebud|label=none}}, some of which they share with [[love song]]s. They usually have only one [[Verse (poetry)|verse]] and short [[Line (poetry)|lines]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://mek.oszk.hu/02100/02115/html/1-960.html |title=Magyar Néprajzi Lexikon |publisher=Akadémiai Kiadó |year=1977 |isbn=978-9630512862 |editor-last=Ortutay |editor-first=Gyula |volume=1 |location=Budapest |language=hu |trans-title=Hungarian Ethnographic Dictionary |oclc=941974058|via=Magyar Elektronikus Könyvtár}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+Examples<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://mek.oszk.hu/06200/06234/html/ |title=Magyar Népdalok|publisher=Neumann Kht. |others=Songs collected and annotated by Imre Katona |year=2000 |isbn=978-9631504132 |editor-last=Ortutay |editor-first=Gyula |location=Budapest |language=hu |trans-title=Hungarian Folk Songs |chapter=Bölcsődalok |trans-chapter=Cradle Songs |oclc=907499983 |author-link=Gyula Ortutay |access-date=2022-07-17 |chapter-url=https://mek.oszk.hu/06200/06234/html/nepdalok001002.html |via=Magyar Elektronikus Könyvtár}}</ref>
!Hungarian lyrics
!Literal English translation
!Place of origin
!Notes
|-
|<poem lang=hu>Aludj, baba, aludjál!
Aranyosat álmodjál:
A ragyogó csillagokról,
Dunán ringó kis ladikról.

Aludj, baba, aludjál,
Tündérekről álmodjál;
Dunán ringó kis ladikban
Velük szépen játszódjál!</poem>
|<poem>Sleep, baby, sleep
Have sweet dreams
About the shining stars
{{nowrap|About a small boat rocking on the [[Danube]].}}

Sleep, baby, sleep
Dream about [[Fairy|fairies]]
In a small boatrocking on the Danube
Play with them nicely.</poem>
|valign=top|Dunasziget,<br />[[Győr-Moson-Sopron County]]
|valign=top|This lullaby showcases the trend of wishing or promising sweet dreams and/or good sleep to the child. Somewhat unusually, it has more than one verse.<ref name=":0" />
|-
|<poem lang=hu>Csicsija, babája!
{{nowrap|Nincs itthun{{Efn|Form of the word 'itthon' in the Central Transdanubian dialect of Hungarian.|group=note}} a mamája:}}
Elment a vásárba,
Cukrot hoz a kosárba;
Ha jó lesz az Annuska,
Megkapja holnapra.</poem>
|<poem>Shush, baby
Her mum is not at home
She has gone to the marketplace
She will bring candy in the basket
If little Annie will be good
She will get it for tomorrow.</poem>
|valign=top|Súr, [[Komárom-Esztergom County]]
|valign=top|Here, the 'ringatószó', 'csicsija' is used to calm the infant. This song is an example of promising some reward if the child will sleep and behave well, also common in Hungarian lullabies.<ref name=":0" />
|-
|<poem lang=hu>Tente, baba, tente,
Elgyütt{{Efn|Pronunciation of 'eljött' in the Palóc/Northeastern [[Hungarian dialects|dialect of Hungarian]].|group=note}} már az este.
Aludj, ingó-bingó
Piros rózsabimbó!</poem>
|<poem>Sleep, baby, sleep
The evening has already come
Sleep, swinging
Red rosebud!</poem>
|valign=top|[[Jászárokszállás]],<br />[[Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County]]
|valign=top|Note the presence of another 'ringatószó', 'tente' and the term of endearment {{Langx|hu|rózsabimbó|links=no|lit=rosebud|label=none}}.
|-
|<poem lang=hu>Tente, tente, kisbaba,
Anyádnak sok a dóga:{{Efn|Form of the word 'dolga' in the Palóc/Northeastern dialect of Hungarian.|group=note}}
Mos, ruhát szappanoz;
Egykettőre kimossa,
Gyorsan ki is vasalja,
A kötélre akasztja.
Mire felkél{{Efn|Archaic form of the word 'felkel'.|group=note}} a baba,
Ki is legyen vasalva.</poem>
|<poem>Sleep, sleep, little baby
Your{{Efn|Hungarian folk lullabies always use the informal voice ('te'), which could only be literally translated into English with the archaic pronoun '[[thou]]'.|group=note}} mother has much to do
She washes, she soaps clothes
She will wash it in no time
And also irons it quickly
Hangs it on the rope
So that by the time the baby wakes up
It should also be ironed.</poem>
|valign=top|[[Nagyrozvágy]],<br />{{nowrap|[[Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County]]}}
|valign=top|Apart from 'tente' being used here, too, this is an example of including lines on the troubles or works of parents, commonly found in Hungarian lullabies.<ref name=":0" />
|}

====[[Ireland|Irish]]====
*The [[Kildare Poems]] (mid-14th century), among the earliest [[English language]] literature in Ireland, include the lullaby ''Lollai, Lollai, litil child''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://celt.ucc.ie/published/E300000-001/text010.html|title=Part 10 of Anglo-Irish poems of the Middle Ages: The Kildare Poems|website=celt.ucc.ie}}</ref>
*"I've Found My Bonny Babe a Nest" was published in 1901 by [[Charles Villiers Stanford]]; it is believed to be much older.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lieder.net/get_text.html?TextId=117225|title=Lullaby (Graves, set by Charles Villiers Stanford, Sir) (The LiederNet Archive: Texts and Translations to Lieder, mélodies, canzoni, and other classical vocal music)|website=www.lieder.net}}</ref>
*"[[Too Ra Loo Ra Loo Ral|Too-Ra-Loo-Ra-Loo-Ral (That's an Irish Lullaby)]]" is a famous fictional Irish lullaby, written in 1913 by the [[Irish-American]] composer [[James Royce Shannon]].
*"Whisht Wee Bairn" ('be quiet, small child') is an [[Ulster Scots language|Ulster Scots]] lullaby.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.libraryireland.com/WhishtWeeBairn/Home.php|title=An Ulster-Scots Lullaby (Whisht Wee Bairn)|website=www.libraryireland.com}}</ref>
*"Seoithín Seothó" (Hushaby, Hush; also spelled ''Seó hín seó, Shoheen Sho'') is a noted [[Irish language]] lullaby.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uPo0oB19gDUC&q=Seoith%C3%ADn+Seoth%C3%B3&pg=PA207|title=A Dictionary of Hiberno-English: The Irish Use of English|first=T. P.|last=Dolan|date=15 July 2004|publisher=Gill & Macmillan Ltd|via=Google Books|isbn=9780717135356}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxVLDwAAQBAJ&q=Seoith%C3%ADn+Seoth%C3%B3&pg=PT32|title=Gaolta Gairide: Rogha danta comhaimseartha ar theamai oige agus caidrimh teaghlaigh|first=Mairin Nic|last=Eoin|date=1 January 2010|publisher=Cois Life|via=Google Books|isbn=9781907494017}}</ref>
* In 1999, [[Pádraigín Ní Uallacháin]] produced an album of Irish lullabies (in English and Irish), entitled ''[[An Irish Lullaby]]''.

====[[Russia]]n====
"[[Cossack Lullaby]]" is a cradle song which Russian writer and poet [[Mikhail Lermontov]] transcribed from a [[Terek Cossack]] woman's singing in [[Ossetia]] in the 19th century.

====[[Scotland|Scottish]]====
There are many lullabies in Scottish song tradition, with well-known examples in Scottish Gaelic, Scots and English. They include songs which express emotions other than affection for the child – notably "[[Griogal Cridhe]]", which commemorates the beheading of Gregor Roy MacGregor by his father-in-law, Campbell of Glenlyon and brother-in-law in 1570 and "Hishie Ba" which may refer to a gang assault. A number of traditional lullabies also express social issues and this has been continued in modern lullaby writing in Scotland, notably Jim MacLean's "Smile in Your Sleep" (also known as "Hush, Hush, Time to Be Sleeping"), Matt McGinn's "Miner's Lullaby" (also known as "Coorie Doon") and Karine Polwart's "Baleerie Baloo". Christina Stewart's kist o dreams project provides a resource of over 30 Scottish lullabies, ranging from Doric Scots of the North East, to Northern Isles dialect of Shetland, Scottish Gaelic and English language examples.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kistodreams.org/|title=Kist O'Dreams &#124; Home|website=www.kistodreams.org}}</ref>

====[[Ukraine|Ukrainian]]====
''[[Oi Khodyt Son Kolo Vikon]]'' (The Dream Passes by the Window) is from [[Ukraine]].

====Welsh====
{{see also|Dinogad's Smock|Suo Gân}}
[[File:Gododdin1.jpg|thumb|the lullaby is preserved in the 13th century [[Book of Aneirin]] but linguistic analysis suggests it is much older.]]
The oldest known [[Welsh language|Welsh-language]] lullaby is "''Dinogad's Smock''" ({{langx|owl|Peis Dinogat}}; {{langx|cy|Pais Dinogad}}). Although the lullaby is preserved in the 13th century [[Book of Aneirin]], its unusual linguistics suggest the original lullaby may have been composed in [[Common Brittonic]] a language spoken across the island of Britain until the 6th century AD.<ref name="Koch, Ur-Gododdin">{{cite journal |last1=Koch |first1=John |title=Thoughts on the Ur-Gododdin: Rethinking Aneirin and Mynydawc Mwynvawr |journal=Language Sciences |date=1993 |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=81–89|doi=10.1016/0388-0001(93)90019-O }}</ref> The lullaby also gives an insight into [[the Gododdin]] a Celtic culture of northern England and southern Scotland, as well as linguistic evidence for features of the extinct [[Cumbric language]]. It has also been used to provide evidence of the fauna of central Britain during this period and the late survival of the Eurasian Lynx in Britain.

Another traditional Welsh lullaby "''[[Suo Gân]]''" gained popularity in the late twentieth century. Although the earliest prints date from around 1800, new arrangements of the lullaby have been performed and recorded by artists from around the world as well as featuring in Hollywood films (''[[Empire of the Sun (film)|Empire of the Sun]]''), anime (''[[Black Butler]]'') and computer games (''[[The Maid of Sker]]''). Suo Gân's distinctive tune has also been repurposed for several Christian hymns.<ref>[http://www.contemplator.com/wales/lullaby.html Lullaby ("Suo Gan")], Lesley Nelson-Burns, Contemplator.com . Accessed July 2011</ref>

===Oceania===

====[[Australia]]====
"Curly Headed Babby" (also known as "Lula Lula Lula Lula Bye Bye") was composed by [[George H. Clutsam]] in 1897.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ozvta.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/clutsam-george-1912014.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221052602/http://ozvta.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/clutsam-george-1912014.pdf |archive-date=2014-02-21 |url-status=live|accessdate=29 October 2021|title=George Clutsam Ovta files}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.musicweb-international.com/garlands/clutsam.htm|title=Musicweb International|access-date= 20 October 2021}}</ref> It was made famous through a recording by [[Paul Robeson]].<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/4ZECr8GCOf8 Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20211029110511/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZECr8GCOf8 Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ZECr8GCOf8|title=Paul Robeson You Tube|website=[[YouTube]]|accessdate=29 October 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

====[[New Zealand]]====
"[[Hine E Hine]]" is a [[Māori language|Māori]] lullaby written by [[Fanny Rose Howie|Te Rangi Pai]] in 1907.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://folksong.org.nz/hine/index.html|author=Archer, John|title=Hine E Hine, a Māori slumber song |date=14 June 2003|publisher=New Zealand Folk Song|access-date=18 July 2020}}</ref>