Editing Loyalist Volunteer Force (section)

==Timeline of attacks==
According to the [[Conflict Archive on the Internet]]'s Sutton Database, the LVF have killed 19 people,<ref name="Sutton">[http://cainchron97/sutton/tables/Organisation_Responsible.html CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths: Organisation responsible for the death]{{dead link|date=September 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> who included:
*14 civilians (12 Catholics and 2 Protestants)
*3 UVF members
*1 former [[Provisional Irish Republican Army|Provisional IRA]] member
*1 of its own members

Two further killings of Catholics were claimed by the LVF, but the RUC believed that UDA members were responsible.

The following is a timeline of attacks and attempted attacks that have been claimed by, or blamed on, the LVF.

===1996===
* '''7 July''': in [[Aghagallon]], the LVF shot dead Catholic taxi driver Michael McGoldrick (31) in his car. The gunmen then set it on fire. This attack was believed to be related to the [[Drumcree conflict]]; at the time, the [[Orange Order]] was being stopped from marching through the Catholic area of Portadown in their annual 'celebration'.<ref>[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch96.htm A Chronology of the Conflict: 1996] - ''[[Conflict Archive on the Internet]]''</ref> Members of the group smuggled home-made weaponry to the protests at Drumcree church, apparently unhindered by the Orangemen.<ref name="Susan McKay"/>
* '''10 July''': The LVF was responsible for hijacking a postal van and planting a hoax bomb during rioting in Portadown.<ref name="judiciaryni.uk">https://www.judiciaryni.uk/files/judiciaryni/decisions/R%20v%20Fulton%20and%20Another.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=August 2024}}</ref>
* '''25 October''': LVF members carried out a failed armed robbery at the home of an [[Ulster Bank]] manager in Newcastle County Down.<ref name="judiciaryni.uk"/>

===1997===
* '''3 January''': three men (James Buchanan, Jonathan Birney and Andrew Doran) accused of drug dealing by the [[Ulster Defence Association|UDA]] were [[kneecapped]] by members of the LVF. This was apparently an effort to punish them but prevent them being killed by other loyalist paramilitaries.<ref name="ReferenceA">[https://www.judiciaryni.uk/files/judiciaryni/decisions/R%20v%20Fulton%20and%20Another.pdf Judgment: The Queen v William James Fulton and Muriel Gibson]</ref>
* '''6 January''': The LVF shot and injured a man in the Glandore Terrace estate, Portadown. [[Ulster Defence Association|UDA]] member Derek Wray had been the original intended target.<ref name="judiciaryni.uk"/>
* '''20 January''': the LVF was believed to be behind a bomb that exploded under a van owned by a Catholic in [[Larne]], County Antrim.<ref name="cainchron97">[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch97.htm A Chronology of the Conflict: 1997] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228024109/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch97.htm |date=28 February 2008 }} - ''[[Conflict Archive on the Internet]]''</ref>
* '''8 March''': the LVF carried out firebomb attacks on [[Northern Ireland Tourist Board]] (NITB) offices in [[Banbridge]] and [[Newcastle, County Down]]. The attacks were believed to be a response to the NITB's marketing of the whole of [[Ireland]] as a tourist destination together with [[Bord Fáilte]] (the tourist board of the [[Republic of Ireland]]).<ref name="cainchron97"/>
*'''1 April''': Mountpottinger Baptist Tabernacle, a Protestant church in East Belfast, was damaged in an arson attack. Although DUP press officer [[Sammy Wilson (politician)|Sammy Wilson]] blamed Catholics, on 20 April [[Progressive Unionist Party]] leader [[David Ervine]] asserted it was an LVF attempt to raise sectarian tension.<ref name="cainchron97"/>
* '''27 April''': [[Killing of Robert Hamill|Robert Hamill]] (25), a Catholic civilian, was kicked to death by a loyalist mob in Portadown town centre while walking home. Police parked nearby did not intervene. The six men charged with his murder were placed in the LVF wing of the Maze Prison at their own request.<ref>{{cite news |title=Did he have to die? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/feb/21/theobserver.uknews7 |work=[[The Observer]] |date=21 February 1999}}</ref>
* '''12 May''': the LVF kidnapped Catholic civilian Seán Brown (61) after he left the [[Gaelic Athletic Association]] (GAA) club in [[Bellaghy]], County Londonderry. He was beaten and shot dead; his body was found the next day by a burnt-out car on Moneynick Road near [[Randalstown]].<ref name="cainchron97"/>
* '''14 May''': the LVF was alleged to have tried to kill a Catholic taxi driver in [[Milford, County Armagh]]. He escaped when the gunman's weapon jammed.<ref name="cainchron97"/>
* '''24 May''': the LVF claimed responsibility for planting a bomb in [[Dundalk]], [[County Louth]], Republic of Ireland. The time bomb was planted in an alleyway on Clanbrassil Street, the town's main shopping street. However, after it partially exploded, it was defused by [[Gardaí]] (the Republic's police). The LVF warned that further "no-warning bomb attacks" would take place "as long as Dublin interferes in Ulster affairs".<ref name="cainchron97"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anphoblacht.com/news/detail/28464|title=News - An Phoblacht|access-date=30 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112113/http://www.anphoblacht.com/news/detail/28464|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* '''2 July''': the LVF threatened to kill Catholic civilians if an upcoming Orange march was banned from the Garvaghy Road in Portadown.<ref name="cainchron97"/>
* '''15 July''': the LVF killed Catholic civilian Bernadette Martin (18) in [[Aghalee]]. She was shot four times in the head as she slept in her Protestant boyfriend's home.<ref name="cainchron97"/>
* '''24 July''': the LVF kidnapped Catholic civilian James Morgan (16) in Newcastle, County Down. He was tortured, beaten to death with a hammer, and his body was doused in petrol and set alight. His burnt and mutilated body was found three days later in a waterlogged ditch used for the disposal of animal carcasses near [[Clough]]. Norman Coopey was charged and convicted of the killing.<ref name="cainchron97"/><ref>[http://www.anphoblacht.com/news/detail/28815 UVF link to brutal murder] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329050434/http://www.anphoblacht.com/news/detail/28815 |date=29 March 2012 }} ''An Phoblacht,'' 31 July 1997</ref>
* '''5 August''': the LVF claimed responsibility for trying to kill a Catholic taxi driver in [[Lurgan]]. He escaped when the gun jammed.<ref name="cainchron97"/>
* '''12 August''': twenty-seven LVF prisoners in the [[Maze Prison]] began a riot which caused severe damage to C and D wings of H-Block 6.<ref name="cainchron97"/>
* '''13-14 August''': the LVF was blamed for attacks on the homes of four serving and former prison officers in Mid-Ulster.<ref name="cainchron97"/><ref name="judiciaryni.uk"/>
* '''17 November''': the LVF claimed responsibility for planting four small bombs in Dundalk, Republic of Ireland, which were removed by police.<ref name="cainchron97"/>
* '''5 December''': the LVF shot dead Catholic civilian Gerry Devlin (36) outside a GAA club in [[Glengormley]], County Antrim.<ref name="cainchron97"/>
* '''27 December''': the LVF launched a gun attack on the dance hall of the Catholic-owned Glengannon Hotel near [[Dungannon]], County Tyrone. Hundreds of teenagers were attending a disco inside when gunmen fired on a crowd of people at the entrance. A doorman, Catholic civilian Seamus Dillon (45), was killed and three other people were wounded. This was believed to be revenge for the killing of Billy Wright in HM Maze prison earlier that day.<ref name="cainchron97"/> The LVF said: "This attack and future attacks lay squarely at the feet of republicans. For too long the Protestant people have watched their very faith, culture and identity being slowly eroded away".<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/mowlam-calls-for-calm-as-ulster-looks-into-the-abyss-1291003.html | location=London | work=The Independent | first=David | last=McKittrick | title=Mowlam calls for calm as Ulster looks into the abyss | date=29 December 1997}}</ref>
* '''31 December''': the LVF claimed responsibility for a gun attack on the Clifton Tavern on Cliftonville Road, Belfast. Gunmen burst into the pub and sprayed it with gunfire. Catholic civilian Eddie Treanor (31) was killed and five others were wounded. The RUC believed that UDA members were involved.<ref name="cainchron97"/>

===1998===

*'''10 January''': the LVF launched a gun attack on the Space nightclub at Talbot Street, [[Belfast]]. Gunmen pulled up in a car and opened fire on people standing at the door. A doorman, Catholic civilian Terry Enright (28), was killed. He was a cross-community worker who helped steer young people away from violence. The LVF said it was revenge for the killing of Billy Wright by INLA.<ref name="cainchron98">[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch98.htm A Chronology of the Conflict - 1998] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110416033514/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch98.htm |date=16 April 2011 }} - ''[[Conflict Archive on the Internet]]''</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/46548.stm | work=BBC News | title=Loyalist group admits club shooting | date=11 January 1998}}</ref>
*'''18 January''': the LVF killed Catholic civilian Fergal McCusker (28) in [[Maghera]], County Londonderry. He was kidnapped and shot dead while walking home. His body was found behind a youth center off Tircane Road.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''19 January''': the LVF claimed responsibility for shooting dead Catholic taxi driver Larry Brennan (52) as he sat in his car on Ormeau Road, Belfast. The attack happened hours after the INLA killed UDA member Jim Guiney. Police believe UDA members were involved.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''23 January''': the LVF shot dead Catholic construction worker Liam Conway (39) as he operated a digger on Hesketh Road, Belfast.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''24 January''': the LVF shot dead Catholic taxi driver John McColgan (33) in Belfast. He had picked up a number of men on the Andersonstown Road, who told him to drive to Upper Glen Road. They shot him, dumped his body by the roadside, and drove off in the taxi.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''25 January''': the LVF claimed responsibility for shooting and wounding a Catholic civilian in Lurgan. The man was sitting in the cab of a lorry when a lone gunman shot at him several times.<ref name="cainchron98"/><ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/50498.stm | work=BBC News | title=Sectarian violence escalates in Ulster | date=26 January 1998}}</ref>
*'''27 January''': the LVF was blamed for trying to kill a Catholic taxi driver in North Belfast. He escaped when the gun jammed.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''27 January''': the Northern Ireland Council for Voluntary Action (NICVA) announced that the LVF had issued death threats against a number of Catholic cross-community workers in the Mid-Ulster area.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''4 February''': the LVF admitted firing a shot at a Protestant man in Lurgan and warned him to leave the area.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''23 February''': the LVF claimed responsibility for planting a small car bomb outside a [[Garda Síochána|Garda]] station in Dromad, [[County Louth]], Republic of Ireland. It was spotted and defused by the security forces. The LVF threatened further attacks in the Republic.<ref>[http://www.independent.ie/national-news/crossborder-alert-as-lvf-threatens-further-attacks-455745.html "Cross-border alert as LVF threatens further attacks"]. ''[[Irish Independent]]''. 24 February 1998.</ref>
*'''27 February''': the LVF was blamed for a beer keg bomb left in a car in the predominantly Nationalist town of [[Carnlough]], County Antrim. The device was neutralised by the British Army.<ref>''Irish Examiner'', 2 March 1998</ref>
*'''3 March''': the LVF killed a Catholic and a Protestant civilian—Damian Trainor (26) and Philip Allen (34)—in the Railway Bar in [[Poyntzpass]], County Armagh. Gunmen entered the Catholic-owned pub, told them to lie on the floor and then shot them dead. The two were close friends.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''5 March''': the LVF was blamed for a gun attack on a house in a mainly-Protestant area of [[Antrim, County Antrim|Antrim]]. A Catholic man and his Protestant wife lived there. She and her daughter were wounded.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''8 March''': the LVF issued threats against Protestant churchmen, business leaders and politicians who it claimed were "colluding" with the peace process.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''17 March''': the LVF claimed responsibility for an attempted bomb attack on St Comgall's parish centre in [[Larne]]. The building was packed with people celebrating [[Saint Patrick's Day]] when two men threw a bomb through the door. The bomb failed to explode and was defused.<ref name="cainchron98"/><ref>[http://www.anphoblacht.com/news/detail/30245 "LVF bomb in Larne"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329051310/http://www.anphoblacht.com/news/detail/30245 |date=29 March 2012 }}. ''An Phoblacht''. 19 March 1998.</ref>
*'''21 April''': the LVF killed Catholic civilian Adrian Lamph (29) in [[Portadown]]. A gunman cycled into his workplace—the Fairgreen [[Civic amenity site|amenity site]] on Duke Street—then singled him out and shot him. He was the first victim of the conflict since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement.<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''25 April''': the LVF shot dead a Catholic civilian, Ciaran Heffron (22), as he walked home in [[Crumlin, County Antrim|Crumlin]], County Antrim.<ref name="cainchron98"/> Meanwhile, 25 civilians escaped injury when a bomb was thrown into a Catholic-owned pub and restaurant at Aghinlig, County Armagh.<ref>[http://www.irishtimes.com/news/loyalists-are-blamed-for-bomb-attack-on-bar-1.146412 "Loyalists are blamed for bomb attack on bar"]. Irish Times, 27 April 1998.</ref>
*'''15 May''': the LVF announced an "unequivocal ceasefire" which it hoped would encourage people to vote against the Good Friday Agreement.
*'''2 July''': the LVF was blamed for setting fire to ten Catholic churches in Northern Ireland. Churches were burnt over a ten-hour period in [[Crumlin, County Antrim|Crumlin]], [[Lisburn]], [[Dromore, County Down|Dromore]], [[Castlewellan]], [[Banbridge]], [[Laurencetown]], [[Tandragee]] and [[Dungannon]]. The attacks were believed to be a response to the banning of the Orange Order's Drumcree march.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/blair-damps-fires-of-hate-437811.html | work=Irish Independent | first1=Dominic | last1=Cunningham | first2=Eugene | last2=Moloney | title=Blair damps fires of hate | date=3 July 1998}}</ref> The LVF was also blamed for [[petrol bomb]]ing the homes of two Catholics in [[Derry]].<ref name="cainchron98"/>
*'''9 July''': The LVF threw a pipe bomb at a two vehicle mobile military patrol near Union street in Portadown.<ref name="judiciaryni.uk"/>
*'''9 July''': a [[improvised explosive device|blast bomb]] is thrown at police lines at Drumcree church by senior LVF volunteer [[William James Fulton]], which resulted in 4 officers being seriously injured when it detonated<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
*'''11 July''': an LVF gunman opened fire on British security forces manning a barricade blocking the Orange Order from marching at Drumcree.<ref>''Irish Examiner'', 13 July 1998</ref>
*'''15 July''': a package addressed to a [[Dublin]] hotel, which was believed to have been sent by the LVF, exploded while it was being examined at the [[Garda Technical Bureau]]. Two were injured in the blast.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/search/IncidentSummary.aspx?gtdid=199807150003|title=Incident Summary for GTDID: 199807150003|access-date=30 January 2015}}</ref>
*'''8 August''': the LVF issued a statement saying that its "war is over".

===1999 onward===
*'''26 March 1999''': the LVF warned that there would be a great strain on its ceasefire if the Provisional IRA did not begin disarming.
*'''4 June 1999''': The LVF carried out a Grenade attack on the home of a Catholic man on the Ballyweely road near Hilltown in County Down. The mans children and nephew were also in the house at the time though no one was injured.<ref name="judiciaryni.uk"/>
*'''5 June 1999''': LVF members launched [[pipe bomb]] attacks on two houses in the Corcrain area of Portadown. One of them killed Protestant civilian Elizabeth O'Neill (59), who was married to a Catholic man.<ref>[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch99.htm A Chronology of the Conflict: 1999] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514134030/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch99.htm |date=14 May 2011 }} - ''[[Conflict Archive on the Internet]]''</ref>
*'''10 January 2000''': LVF members killed the UVF's Mid-Ulster commander, [[Richard Jameson (loyalist)|Richard Jameson]] (46). He was shot dead while sitting in his car outside his home on Derrylettiff Road near Portadown. He was also a member of the Orange Order.<ref name="armaghorangemen">[http://www.armaghorange.co.uk/memory.htm "Lest We Forget"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090709194454/http://www.armaghorange.co.uk/memory.htm |date=9 July 2009 }}. County Armagh Grand Orange Lodge website.</ref> The killing was part of a loyalist feud.<ref name="cainchron00">[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch00.htm A Chronology of the Conflict: 2000] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806141438/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch00.htm |date=6 August 2011 }} - ''[[Conflict Archive on the Internet]]''</ref>
*'''26 May 2000''': LVF members shot dead UVF member Martin Taylor (35) at his home on Silverstream Park, Belfast. This killing was part of a loyalist feud.<ref name="cainchron00"/>
*'''11 April 2001''': LVF members shot dead UVF member Grahame Marks (37) at his home in [[Tandragee]]. He was also a member of the Orange Order.<ref name="armaghorangemen"/> This killing was part of a loyalist feud.<ref>[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch01.htm A Chronology of the Conflict: 2001] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514124806/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch01.htm |date=14 May 2016 }} - ''[[Conflict Archive on the Internet]]''</ref>
*'''28 February 2005''': members of the LVF were suspected to have been responsible for the [[disappearance of Lisa Dorrian]] (25) after a drugs party at a caravan park in [[Ballyhalbert]], although the PSNI subsequently ruled out the involvement of any paramilitary group in her murder.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chrisafis |first=Angelique |date=2005-04-28 |title=Looking for Lisa |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/apr/29/northernireland.gender |access-date=2024-01-28 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=4 June 2021|title=PSNI detective rules out paramilitary role in Lisa Dorrian murder
|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/psni-detective-rules-out-paramilitary-role-in-lisa-dorrian-murder/40503687.html|newspaper=[[Belfast Telegraph]]|language=en}}</ref>