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=== Place names ===<!-- This section is linked from [[Bangkok]]. --> {{Main|List of long place names}} [[File:New Zealand 0577.jpg|thumb|right|250px|The sign at [[Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu|{{not a typo|Taumata{{shy}}whakatangihanga{{shy}}koauau{{shy}}o{{shy}}tamatea{{shy}}turi{{shy}}pukaka{{shy}}piki{{shy}}maunga{{shy}}horo{{shy}}nuku{{shy}}pokai{{shy}}whenua{{shy}}ki{{shy}}tana{{shy}}tahu}}]]]] [[File:Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch station sign (cropped version 1).jpg|thumb|right|250px|The station sign at [[Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch|{{not a typo|Llan{{shy}}fair{{shy}}pwll{{shy}}gwyn{{shy}}gyll{{shy}}gogery{{shy}}chwyrn{{shy}}drob{{shy}}wlll{{shy}}lanty{{shy}}silio{{shy}}gogo{{shy}}goch}}]] in North [[Wales]]]] The longest officially recognized place name in an English-speaking country is [[Taumatawhakatangihangakoauauotamateaturipukakapikimaungahoronukupokaiwhenuakitanatahu|{{not a typo|Taumata{{shy}}whakatangihanga{{shy}}koauau{{shy}}o{{shy}}tamatea{{shy}}turi{{shy}}pukaka{{shy}}piki{{shy}}maunga{{shy}}horo{{shy}}nuku{{shy}}pokai{{shy}}whenua{{shy}}ki{{shy}}tana{{shy}}tahu}}]] (85 letters), which is a hill in [[New Zealand]] (see the signpost photo on this page). The name is in the [[Māori language]]. There are several variant spellings of the name, including some that are longer. In Māori, the digraphs ''ng'' and ''wh'' are each treated as single letters. In [[Canada]], the longest place name is ''[[Dysart et al, Ontario|Dysart, Dudley, Harcourt, Guilford, Harburn, Bruton, Havelock, Eyre and Clyde]]'', a [[township]] in [[Ontario]], at 61 letters or 68 non-space characters.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/info/trivia_e.php |title=GeoNames Government of Canada site |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090206201115/http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/info/trivia_e.php |archive-date=2009-02-06 }}</ref> The 58-letter name ''[[Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch|Llan{{shy}}fair{{shy}}pwll{{shy}}gwyn{{shy}}gyll{{shy}}gogery{{shy}}chwyrn{{shy}}drob{{shy}}wlll{{shy}}lanty{{shy}}silio{{shy}}gogo{{shy}}goch]]'' is the name of a town on [[Anglesey]], an island of [[Wales]]. In terms of the traditional Welsh alphabet, the name is only 51 letters long, as certain digraphs in [[Welsh language|Welsh]] are considered as single letters, for instance ''ll'', ''ng'' and ''ch''. It is generally agreed, however, that this invented name, adopted in the mid-19th century, was contrived solely to be the longest name of any town in Britain. The official name of the place is ''Llanfairpwllgwyngyll'', commonly abbreviated to ''Llanfairpwll'' or ''Llanfair PG''. The longest non-contrived place name in the United Kingdom which is a single non-hyphenated word is [[Cottonshopeburnfoot]] (19 letters) and the longest which is hyphenated is [[Sutton-under-Whitestonecliffe]] (29 characters). The longest place name in the United States (45 letters) is ''{{not a typo|[[Chargoggagoggmanchauggagoggchaubunagungamaugg|Char{{shy}}gogga{{shy}}gogg{{shy}}man{{shy}}chau{{shy}}ggagogg{{shy}}chau{{shy}}buna{{shy}}gunga{{shy}}maugg]]}}'', a lake in [[Webster, Massachusetts|Webster]], [[Massachusetts]]. It means "Fishing Place at the Boundaries – Neutral Meeting Grounds" and is sometimes facetiously translated as "you fish your side of the water, I fish my side of the water, nobody fishes the middle". The lake is also known as Webster Lake.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/20/national/20lake.html | work=The New York Times | first=Pam | last=Belluck | title=What's the Name of That Lake? It's Hard to Say | date=2004-11-20}}</ref> The longest hyphenated names in the U.S. are ''[[Winchester-on-the-Severn]]'', a town in [[Maryland]], and ''[[Washington-on-the-Brazos]]'', a notable place in [[Texas]] history. The longest single-word town names in the U.S. are [[Kleinfeltersville, Pennsylvania]] and [[Mooselookmeguntic, Maine]]. The longest official geographical name in Australia is [[Mamungkukumpurangkuntjunya Hill|{{not a typo|Ma{{shy}}mungku{{shy}}kumpu{{shy}}rang{{shy}}kunt{{shy}}junya}}]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ga.gov.au/bin/gazd01?rec=204304 |title=Geoscience Australia Gazetteer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001005330/http://www.ga.gov.au/bin/gazd01?rec=204304 |archive-date=2007-10-01 }}</ref> It has 26 letters and is a [[Pitjantjatjara language|Pitjantjatjara]] word meaning "where [[the Devil]] urinates".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.placenames.sa.gov.au/pno/pnores.phtml?recno=SA0078626 |title=South Australian State Gazetteer |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001000850/http://www.placenames.sa.gov.au/pno/pnores.phtml?recno=SA0078626 |archive-date=2007-10-01 }}</ref> [[Liechtenstein]] is the longest single-word country name in English, and the second-longest is [[Turkmenistan]]. {{See also|List of short place names}}
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