Editing Lawrencium (section)

===Isotopes===
{{main|Isotopes of lawrencium}}

Fourteen isotopes of lawrencium are known, with [[mass number]] 251–262, 264, and 266; all are radioactive.<ref name="Silva1642">{{harvnb|Silva|2011|p=1642}}</ref><ref name="266Lr">{{Cite journal |title=<sup>48</sup>Ca + <sup>249</sup>Bk Fusion Reaction Leading to Element ''Z'' = 117: Long-Lived α-Decaying <sup>270</sup>Db and Discovery of <sup>266</sup>Lr |journal=Physical Review Letters |volume=112 |issue=17 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.172501 |date=2014 |last1=Khuyagbaatar |first1=J. |last2=Yakushev |first2=A. |last3=Düllmann |first3=Ch. E. |last4=Ackermann |first4=D. |last5=Andersson |first5=L.-L. |last6=Asai |first6=M. |last7=Block |first7=M. |last8=Boll |first8=R. A. |last9=Brand |first9=H. |last10=Cox |first10=D. M. |last11=Dasgupta |first11=M. |last12=Derkx |first12=X. |last13=Di Nitto |first13=A. |last14=Eberhardt |first14=K. |last15=Even |first15=J. |last16=Evers |first16=M. |last17=Fahlander |first17=C. |last18=Forsberg |first18=U. |last19=Gates |first19=J. M. |last20=Gharibyan |first20=N. |last21=Golubev |first21=P. |last22=Gregorich |first22=K. E. |last23=Hamilton |first23=J. H. |last24=Hartmann |first24=W. |last25=Herzberg |first25=R.-D. |last26=Heßberger |first26=F. P. |last27=Hinde |first27=D. J. |last28=Hoffmann |first28=J. |last29=Hollinger |first29=R. |last30=Hübner |first30=A. |display-authors=1|bibcode = 2014PhRvL.112q2501K |pmid=24836239 |page=172501|url=http://lup.lub.lu.se/search/ws/files/2377958/4432321.pdf |hdl=1885/70327 |s2cid=5949620 |hdl-access=free }}</ref><ref name="255Db" /> Seven [[nuclear isomer]]s are known. The longest-lived isotope, <sup>266</sup>Lr, has a half-life of about ten hours and is one of the longest-lived [[superheavy element|superheavy]] isotopes known to date.<ref>{{cite magazine|author=Clara Moskowitz |author-link= Clara Moskowitz |url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/superheavy-element-117-island-of-stability/ |title=Superheavy Element 117 Points to Fabled "Island of Stability" on Periodic Table |magazine=Scientific American |date= May 7, 2014 |access-date=2014-05-08}}</ref> However, shorter-lived isotopes are usually used in chemical experiments because <sup>266</sup>Lr currently can only be produced as a final [[decay product]] of even heavier and harder-to-make elements: it was discovered in 2014 in the [[decay chain]] of <sup>294</sup>[[tennessine|Ts]].<ref name="Silva1642" /><ref name="266Lr" /> <sup>256</sup>Lr (half-life 27&nbsp;seconds) was used in the first chemical studies on lawrencium: currently, the longer-lived <sup>260</sup>Lr (half-life 2.7&nbsp;minutes) is usually used for this purpose.<ref name="Silva1642" /> After <sup>266</sup>Lr, the longest-lived isotopes are <sup>264</sup>Lr ({{val|4.8|2.2|1.3|u=h}}), <sup>262</sup>Lr (3.6&nbsp;h), and <sup>261</sup>Lr (44&nbsp;min).<ref name="Silva1642" /><ref name="unc">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nucleonica.net/unc.aspx|title=Nucleonica :: Web driven nuclear science}}</ref>{{NUBASE2016|ref}} All other known lawrencium isotopes have half-lives under 5&nbsp;minutes, and the shortest-lived of them (<sup>251</sup>Lr) has a half-life of 24.4&nbsp;milliseconds.<ref name="255Db">{{cite thesis |last1=Leppänen |first1=A.-P. |title=Alpha-decay and decay-tagging studies of heavy elements using the RITU separator |year=2005 |pages=83–100 |publisher=University of Jyväskylä |isbn=978-951-39-3162-9 |issn=0075-465X |url=https://jyx.jyu.fi/bitstream/handle/123456789/13915/978-951-39-3162-9.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y}}</ref><ref name="unc" />{{NUBASE2016|ref}}<ref name=251Lr>{{cite journal |last1=Huang |first1=T. |last2=Seweryniak |first2=D. |last3=Back |first3=B. B. |display-authors=et al. |title=Discovery of the new isotope <sup>251</sup>Lr: Impact of the hexacontetrapole deformation on single-proton orbital energies near the {{nowrap|Z {{=}} 100}} deformed shell gap |journal=Physical Review C |volume=106 |number=L061301 |date=2022 |doi=10.1103/PhysRevC.106.L061301|osti=1906168 |s2cid=254300224 }}</ref> The half-lives of lawrencium isotopes mostly increase smoothly from <sup>251</sup>Lr to <sup>266</sup>Lr, with a dip from <sup>257</sup>Lr to <sup>259</sup>Lr.<ref name="Silva1642" /><ref name="unc" />{{NUBASE2016|ref}}