Editing Katowice (section)

==Geography==
Katowice encompasses an area of {{Convert|164.67|km2|sqmi}}. The city is situated in the [[Silesian Highlands]], about {{convert|50|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of the [[Silesian Beskids]] (part of the [[Carpathian Mountains]]). [[Kłodnica]] and [[Rawa river|Rawa]] (tributaries of the [[Oder]] and the [[Vistula]] respectively) are the largest rivers in Katowice, and the border between catchment areas of Oder and Vistula goes through the city. With a minimal elevation of {{Convert|245|m|ft}} and median elevation of {{Convert|266|m|ft}} above sea level, Katowice has the highest elevation among large cities in Poland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Współrzędne geograficzne Katowic. Szerokość, długość i wysokość nad poziomem morza Katowic, Polska |url=https://dateandtime.info/pl/citycoordinates.php?id=3096472# |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=dateandtime.info}}</ref>

===Climate===
Katowice has a temperate, ocean-moderated [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''Dfb/Cfb''). The average temperature is 8.2 °Celsius ({{convert|−2.0|°C|1|disp=or}} in January and up to {{convert|17.9|°C|1|disp=or}} in July). Yearly rainfall averages at {{convert|652.8|mm|in|2|disp=or}}. Characteristic weak winds blow at about {{convert|2|m/s|mph km/h knots}} from the southwest, through the [[Moravian Gate]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wiki.ifmsa.org/scope/index.php?title=Katowice|title=Katowice – IFMSA SCOPE Wiki|access-date=16 March 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316205329/http://wiki.ifmsa.org/scope/index.php?title=Katowice|archive-date=16 March 2017}}</ref>

{{Weather box
| width = auto
| location = Katowice (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1951–present)
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes
| Jan record high C = 16.0
| Feb record high C = 18.8
| Mar record high C = 22.8
| Apr record high C = 29.5
| May record high C = 32.2
| Jun record high C = 34.6
| Jul record high C = 35.7
| Aug record high C = 37.2
| Sep record high C = 34.4
| Oct record high C = 26.6
| Nov record high C = 20.9
| Dec record high C = 18.2
| year record high C = 37.2
| Jan high C = 1.8
| Feb high C = 3.7
| Mar high C = 8.2
| Apr high C = 14.9
| May high C = 19.6
| Jun high C = 22.9
| Jul high C = 24.9
| Aug high C = 24.6
| Sep high C = 19.2
| Oct high C = 13.7
| Nov high C = 7.8
| Dec high C = 2.7
| year high C = 13.7
| Jan mean C = −1.6
| Feb mean C = 0.1
| Mar mean C = 3.6
| Apr mean C = 9.3
| May mean C = 13.8
| Jun mean C = 17.3
| Jul mean C = 19.1
| Aug mean C = 18.6
| Sep mean C = 13.7
| Oct mean C = 8.9
| Nov mean C = 4.2
| Dec mean C = 0.0
| year mean C = 9.0
| Jan low C = −4.3
| Feb low C = −3.4
| Mar low C = -0.7
| Apr low C = 3.5
| May low C = 8.0
| Jun low C = 11.7
| Jul low C = 13.4
| Aug low C = 12.9
| Sep low C = 8.9
| Oct low C = 4.6
| Nov low C = 0.9
| Dec low C = −2.9
| year low C = 4.4
| Jan record low C = −27.4
| Feb record low C = −30.0
| Mar record low C = −20.8
| Apr record low C = −8.2
| May record low C = −3.4
| Jun record low C = −0.3
| Jul record low C = 4.8
| Aug record low C = 3.1
| Sep record low C = −3.4
| Oct record low C = −8.0
| Nov record low C = −16.3
| Dec record low C = −24.4
| year record low C = −30.0
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 43.8
| Feb precipitation mm = 39.4
| Mar precipitation mm = 47.7
| Apr precipitation mm = 44.9
| May precipitation mm = 75.7
| Jun precipitation mm = 78.7
| Jul precipitation mm = 103.8
| Aug precipitation mm = 73.1
| Sep precipitation mm = 69.9
| Oct precipitation mm = 53.4
| Nov precipitation mm = 49.0
| Dec precipitation mm = 43.8
| year precipitation mm = 723.2
| Jan snow depth cm = 9.1
| Feb snow depth cm = 8.2
| Mar snow depth cm = 5.0
| Apr snow depth cm = 2.3
| May snow depth cm = 0.0
| Jun snow depth cm = 0.0
| Jul snow depth cm = 0.0
| Aug snow depth cm = 0.0
| Sep snow depth cm = 0.0
| Oct snow depth cm = 0.3
| Nov snow depth cm = 3.0
| Dec snow depth cm = 4.9
| year snow depth cm = 
| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 17.50
| Feb precipitation days = 15.97
| Mar precipitation days = 14.77
| Apr precipitation days = 12.00
| May precipitation days = 14.73
| Jun precipitation days = 14.30
| Jul precipitation days = 14.83
| Aug precipitation days = 12.23
| Sep precipitation days = 12.37
| Oct precipitation days = 14.07
| Nov precipitation days = 14.23
| Dec precipitation days = 16.43
| year precipitation days = 173.44
| unit snow days = 0 cm
| Jan snow days = 17.7
| Feb snow days = 15.2
| Mar snow days = 6.1
| Apr snow days = 1.4
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.2
| Nov snow days = 4.4
| Dec snow days = 13.1
| year snow days = 58.1
| Jan humidity = 84.6
| Feb humidity = 80.5
| Mar humidity = 74.1
| Apr humidity = 66.5
| May humidity = 69.8
| Jun humidity = 70.8
| Jul humidity = 71.8
| Aug humidity = 73.4
| Sep humidity = 79.6
| Oct humidity = 83.0
| Nov humidity = 85.9
| Dec humidity = 86.3
| year humidity = 77.2
| Jan sun = 50.7
| Feb sun = 70.6
| Mar sun = 122.6
| Apr sun = 182.7
| May sun = 223.7
| Jun sun = 230.6
| Jul sun = 246.8
| Aug sun = 241.3
| Sep sun = 162.6
| Oct sun = 114.5
| Nov sun = 61.3
| Dec sun = 43.0
| year sun = 1750.3
| source 1 = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management<ref name=IMGWtavg>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211203115527/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE
| archive-date = 3 December 2021
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE
| title = Średnia dobowa temperatura powietrza
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991–2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWtmin>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115043924/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE
| title = Średnia minimalna temperatura powietrza
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991–2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWtmax>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115044916/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE
| title = Średnia maksymalna temperatura powietrza
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991–2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWprecip>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220109045820/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA
| archive-date = 9 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA
| title = Miesięczna suma opadu
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991–2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWprecipdays>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115051112/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_01
| title = Liczba dni z opadem ≥ 0,1 mm
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991–2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWsnowdepth>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115054936/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_SR_GRUB
| title = Średnia grubość pokrywy śnieżnej
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991–2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWsnowdays>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220121044246/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0
| archive-date = 21 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/SNIEG_0
| title = Liczba dni z pokrywą śnieżna > 0 cm
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991–2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=IMGWsun>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115055331/https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL
| archive-date = 15 January 2022
| url = https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL
| title = Średnia suma usłonecznienia (h)
| work = Normy klimatyczne 1991–2020
| publisher = Institute of Meteorology and Water Management 
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref>
| source 2 = Meteomodel.pl (records, relative humidity 1991–2020)<ref name=recordhigh>
{{cite web
| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=350190560&par=tmax&max_empty=3
| title = Katowice Absolutna temperatura maksymalna
| date = 6 April 2018
| publisher = Meteomodel.pl
| language = pl
| access-date = 23 March 2023}}</ref><ref name=recordlow>
{{cite web
| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=350190560&par=tmin&max_empty=3
| title = Katowice Absolutna temperatura minimalna
| date = 6 April 2018
| publisher = Meteomodel.pl
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref><ref name=relativehumidity>
{{cite web
| url = https://meteomodel.pl/dane/srednie-miesieczne/?imgwid=350190560&par=rh&max_empty=3
| title = Katowice Średnia wilgotność
| date = 6 April 2018
| publisher = Meteomodel.pl
| language = pl
| access-date = 20 January 2022}}</ref>
| source = 
}}

===Neighborhoods===
[[File:Katowice jednostki pomocnicze.png|right|300px|Map of Katowice, showing its 5 districts and 22 neighbourhoods.]]Katowice has 22 officially recognized neighborhoods. [[Śródmieście, Katowice|Śródmieście]], [[Osiedle Paderewskiego-Muchowiec]], [[Zawodzie, Katowice|Zawodzie]] and [[Koszutka]] form the dense central urban core where most cultural and educational institutions, businesses and administrative buildings are located.

Most Northern and Eastern neighborhoods around the downtown core are more working-class and developed from worker's estates build around large industry such as coal mines, manufactures and steelworks. Each of these neighborhoods has its own dense commercial strip surrounded by mid-rise apartment buildings and some single-family homes. [[Szopienice-Burowiec|Szopienice]], located between downtown Katowice and Mysłowice, used to be a separate town until mid-1960s. [[Nikiszowiec]], a former mine's town, has undergone strong [[gentrification]] in recent years, and emerged as a major tourist attraction in the region thanks to its unique architecture and art galleries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nikiszowiec |url=https://www.inyourpocket.com/katowice/Nikiszowiec-and-Giszowiec_71613f |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=www.inyourpocket.com |language=en}}</ref>

Western and Southern neighborhoods (with the exception of Brynów-Załęska Hałda, which is a working-class neighborhood built around a coal mine) are more suburban in nature, concentrating the city's middle and upper middle classes. 
{|
| width="40%" valign="top" |
;I. Central District
*1. [[Śródmieście, Katowice|Śródmieście]]
*4. [[Muchowiec|Osiedle Paderewskiego-Muchowiec]]
*12. [[Koszutka]]
*13. [[Bogucice]]
; II. Northern District
*7. [[Załęże]]
*8. [[Osiedle Witosa]]
*9. [[Osiedle Tysiąclecia]]
*10. [[Dąb]]
*11. [[Wełnowiec]]-Józefowiec
; III. Western District
*2. [[Brynów]]-Załęska Hałda
*5. [[Brynów-Osiedle Zgrzebnioka]]
*6. [[Ligota-Panewniki]]
| width="40%" valign="top" |
; IV. Eastern District
*3. [[Zawodzie]]
*14. [[Dąbrówka Mała]]
*15. [[Szopienice]]-Burowiec
*16. [[Janów-Nikiszowiec]]
*17. [[Giszowiec]]
;V. Southern District
*18. [[Murcki]]
*19. [[Piotrowice-Ochojec]]
*20. [[Zarzecze, Katowice|Zarzecze]]
*21. [[Kostuchna]]
*22. [[Podlesie, Katowice|Podlesie]]
|}

===Metropolitan area===
Katowice lies in the centre of [[Katowice urban area|the largest conurbation]] in Poland, [[List of urban areas in the European Union|one of the largest in the European Union]], numbering about 2.7&nbsp;million. The [[Katowice metropolitan area]] consists of about 40 adjacent cities and towns, the whole [[Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area]] (mostly within the [[Upper Silesian Coal Basin]]) over 50 cities or towns and a population of 5,008,000. In 2006, Katowice and 14 adjacent cities united as the Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia (predecessor to the current [[Metropolis GZM]]). Its population was 2 million and its area was 1,104&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. In 2006–2007 the union planned to unite these cities in one city under the name "Silesia", but this proved unsuccessful.<ref>{{in lang|pl}} [http://www.dziennik.pl/Default.aspx?TabId=14&ShowArticleId=24596 dziennik.pl – "17 śląskich miast chce się połączyć w Silesię", 11 December 2006] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930031513/http://www.dziennik.pl/Default.aspx?TabId=14&ShowArticleId=24596 |date=30 September 2007 }}</ref>

{{Adjacent communities|width=auto|state=expanded
| Centre = Katowice
| N = [[Siemianowice Śląskie]]
| NE = [[Sosnowiec]]
| E = [[Mysłowice]]
| SE = [[Lędziny]]
| S = [[Tychy]]
| SW = [[Mikołów]]
| W = [[Ruda Śląska]]
| NW = [[Chorzów]]
}}

The Katowice conurbation comprises settlements which have evolved because of the mining of metal ores, coal and raw rock materials.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Post-industrial Cultural Heritage Sites in the Katowice conurbation, Poland|journal=Environmental & Socio-Economic Studies|first=Marzena|last=Lamparska|date=1 June 2013|volume=1|issue=2|pages=36–42|doi=10.1515/environ-2015-0011|doi-access=free|bibcode=2013ESES....1b..36L }}</ref> The establishment of mining and heavy industry which have developed for the past centuries has resulted in the unique character of the cityscape; its typical aspects are the [[Architecture of Poland|red brick housing estates]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.staypoland.com/about_katowice.htm|title=Katowice – Tourism – Tourist Information – Katowice, Poland -|first=StayPoland Sp. z|last=o.o.|access-date=16 March 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316205004/http://www.staypoland.com/about_katowice.htm|archive-date=16 March 2017}}</ref> constructed for the poorer working class, factory chimneys, manufacturing plants, power stations and [[quarry|quarries]]. The inhabitants of a large mining community like Katowice, and local administrations within the conurbation, which have only evolved due to mining, are a subject to overall decline after the liquidation of coal mines and factories. This is one of the reasons which led to the development of the service sector, including office spaces, shopping centres and tourism.

[[File:Górnośląski Związek Metropolitalny.svg|right|450px|Map of the Metropolitan Association of Upper Silesia, with Katowice highlighted near its centre.]]

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- align=center
!District||Population<ref name="auto3">{{cite web|url=http://demografia.stat.gov.pl/bazademografia/Tables.aspx|title=GUS – Baza Demografia: Wyniki badań bieżących: Stan i struktura ludności: Ludność: 2017: Ludność stan w dniu 30 VI: Ludność według płci i miast: Śląskie|url-status=live|archive-url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20141015142423/http://demografia.stat.gov.pl/bazademografia/Tables.aspx|archive-date=15 October 2014}}</ref> (30 June 2017) ||Area (km<sup>2</sup>)||Density (km<sup>2</sup>)
|-
| Katowice||297,197||164.67||1,896
|-
| [[Sosnowiec]]||204,958||91.06||2,444
|-
| [[Gliwice]]||181,715||133.88||1,474
|-
| [[Zabrze]]||175,016||80.40||2,352
|-
| [[Bytom]]||168,968||69.44||2,661
|-
| [[Ruda Śląska]]||138,754||77.73||1,860
|-
| [[Tychy]]||128,191||81.64||1,590
|-
| [[Dąbrowa Górnicza]]||121,387||188.73||682
|-
| [[Chorzów]]||109,151||33.24||3,420
|-
| [[Jaworzno]]||92,215||152.67||626
|-
| [[Mysłowice]]||74,600||65.75||1,139
|-
| [[Siemianowice Śląskie]]||67,710||25.5||2,809
|-
| [[Piekary Śląskie]]||55,820||39.98||1,477
|-
| [[Świętochłowice]]||50,529||13.31||4,097
|}